Pakistan Journal of Education
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Measuring the Effectiveness of AIOU Television for Students’ Learning
Get PDFTelevision makes education different from other teaching modes such as book, lecture, radio, computer, etc. television can make better learning in circumstances where regular teacher and educational institutions are not available. The use of television for distance education is f high currency especially in poor countries, where resources are limited, and population is unmanageable. This study evaluates AIOU television programs for students learning. The study finds that AIOU TV airtime, day and duration are not suitable to students. Although students mostly rely on the textbook assignments and examination, nevertheless TV programs make up deficiency for the missed tutorials and benefit students to some extent in writing assignments
The Effect of Pre-school Education on Language Comprehension of Children at Primary Level
Get PDFThe research was designed to study the effect of pre-school on language comprehension of children at primary level. Preschool education is the education of young children, they got from the age of three years in proper school environment before class I. The research question was, whether preschool education has any contribution in understanding of English language of children, and in future academic progress of children at primary level. The comprehension of language was judged through tests based on English text for classes I to V. The sample of the study comprising 240 students, half preschoolers and half non preschoolers was randomly selected from four schools at Islamabad to whom tests were distributed to be done in a time limit. A statistical application of t test showed a significant difference in the performance of students having preschool education and the students without preschool education. It was concluded that the children who start their schooling at the age of three or more than three years acquired better English language writing skills than those who do not get educational experience in early years of their lives before entering in class I. It was recommended that arrange
Factors Affecting Secondary School Principals’ Time Management Practices in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Get PDFThis study sought to investigate whether principal’s age, gender, administrative experience, training in time management area, school’s nature, level, location and complexity has any effect on the time management practices. Six time management practices used by secondary school principals i.e. scheduling contacts, managing meetings, delegating tasks, setting priorities, managing paperwork, handling interruptions were incorporated in a questionnaire. A questionnaire was designed, validated and administered to respondents for collecting data having Cronbach Alpha value of 0.864. Data were collected from 344 secondary school principals selected through stratified random sample from seven divisional headquarter districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Results show that principal’s administrative experience and school’s level have significant effect on principals’ time management practices. Whereas principal’s age, gender, training in time management area, school’s nature, location and complexity have no significant effect on principals’ time management practices. It was recommended that introductory courses, refresher courses, workshops, and seminars on time management practices should be included in in-service training program for principals to equip them with skills, knowledge and attitude on adequate time management practices regardless of their personal characteristics and school’s level, location, nature and complexity
Gap between Expectations and Experiences of Equity in Public Schools: A Pupils’ Perspective
Get PDFThe study investigated into the lens of pupils from public sector that what constitutes fair and equitable schools in Pakistan. Also the study explored pupils’ expectations from school, how the schools can be transformed into equitable schools in which all students are treated equally and fairly. The study used quantitative approach with multistage sampling in two districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Questionnaire had been conducted on 434 pupils aged between 14-15 years of 9th and 10th class. The return rate of the questionnaire was 85%. Results of descriptive statistical analysis show that pupils receive equitable as well as inequitable treatment with respect to punishment, rewards and marks awarded by teachers in public schools. Results further show that wider the inequitable experiences of pupils in schools, greater are the equity expectations from schools. Also the pupils with various backgrounds differ significantly from each other in terms of inequitable experiences in schools. It is concluded that equitable public school would be the one in which all students are treated in an equitable manner irrespective of differences
Effect of Head Teachers’ Managerial Styles on the Teachers’ Professional and Organizational Commitment
Get PDFThis study was aimed to investigate the effect of three managerial styles i.e. autocratic, democratic, and laissez-faire of head teachers on the professional and organization commitment of teachers at elementary level. This research is descriptive and correlation in nature. A survey instrument was self-developed and validated through expert opinions and pilot study. The stratified cluster random sampling technique was used to select 540 teachers (40 %) including 274 male and 266 female from the population. The findings of the study show that most practiced managerial style was democratic and least practice was laissez-faire. The organizational and professional commitment levels of the teachers were significantly positive correlated with democratic and negative correlated with autocratic managerial style. It is recommended that head teachers may adopt democratic managerial style to enhance the professional and organizational commitment of teachers. The Punjab Education Department may arrange the training through Directorate of Staff Development for head teachers to practice democratic managerial style to increase the organizational and professional commitment of teachers. Head teachers may develop passion of duty and commitment in teachers by making educational and organizational plan with the collaboration of teachers and assigning duties according to their abilities, interests and willingness. The effect of other variables on teachers’ commitment like national educational policies, cooperation of community and parents, work environment, academic qualification, professional qualification and experience of teachers may be examine in further studies
UNIVERSITY EDUCATION AND POVERTY DYNAMICSLINKAGESIN NIGERIA: A STATE LEVEL ANALYSIS USING LOGIT AND PROBIT MODELS
Get PDFPoverty is said to exist when people lack the means to satisfy their basic needs. Thus, improving the educational attainment of the population is an important requirement to reduce poverty amid the populace and foster development. However, Nigeria with her wealth, still facing enormous challenge in effort made at national level to reduce poverty. The aim and objective of this study is to give insight into the factors that affect or influence poverty in spite of attainment of university education in Nigeria. Percentage data from thirty-six States of the country including the Federal Capital territory Abuja were collated and analyzed through a qualitative response model design. Results from the Probit and Logit models used for analysis reveal that of all variables analyzed, only percentage of household heads with poor educational background was significant at 5% level for all variables analyzed. This indicates a situation that a state with degree educational level of household heads as 0.2 percent, is more likely to be poor when compared to non-poor degree educational level of household head. However, in other way to reduce effect of poverty on educated households, it is recommended that various states’ government should provide graduates with the training and support necessary to help them establish a career in small and medium sized busines
CORRELATING TEACHER SELF-ASSESSMENT SCORE WITH STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT IN ENGLISH AND MATHEMATICS
Get PDFThis study aimed to measure the relationship between teacher self-assessment score and student achievement in English and Mathematics. The researchers developed a Self-assessment Instrument for Teacher Evaluation (SITE) based on five National Professional Standards for Teachers developed by the Ministry of Education, Pakistan. Using a convenient sampling method, 279 English or Mathematics teachers of grade 10 in 40 public boys’ and girls’ high schools in district Okara were surveyed who self-evaluated their performance on the SITE II. Additionally, based on the Lahore Board’s annual matriculation examination results 2014, the achievement scores in English or Mathematics (n=7245) of students were also collected from teachers. The study found positive, weak or moderate, relationships between teacher evaluation scores and student achievement in English, as well as in Mathematics. The findings also revealed that Subject Matter Knowledge, Instructional Planning and Strategies, Assessment, Effective Communication, and Continuous Professional Development, individually, significantly predicted student achievement in English and Mathematics. The Subject Matter Knowledge, Instructional Planning and Strategies, and gender significantly explained 28% of the observed variance to predict student achievement in English. Only Subject matter Knowledge explained 12% of the variance in student achievement in mathematics
STUDENTS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS MATHEMATICS: DOES CLASSROOM LEARNING ENVIRONMENT OF SINGLE-GENDER CLASSES MAKE ANY DIFFERENCE?
Get PDFMathematics is an important subject as it supports most of the social sciences and almost all natural sciences. Both the teaching and teaching and learning aspects of Mathematics are quite different from other subjects of the social sciences as well as the natural sciences. Therefore, teaching and learning process of Mathematics demands specific learning environment and Mathematics related attitudes both of the teachers and the students. Studying these aspects in single-gender classroom becomes even more significant. The study at hand focuses on exploring the relationship between these two variables on the basis of gender. The 11th grade male and female Mathematics students enrolled during academic year 2012-2013 in public sector colleges of Punjab province of Pakistan constituted the population of the study. The sample of the study included randomly selected 1717 students from the public sector colleges located in six randomly selected districts of the Punjab province. In order to collect data, two Urdu translated questionnaires namely, What Is Happening in This Class (WIHIC), and Questionnaire of Mathematics-Related Attitude (QOMRA) were used. The data was collected in the last month of the academic year so that the attitude of students in real sense may be determined. Research findings revealed that male and female students’ perception about their classroom learning environment significantly differs from each other. The male students perceived more supportive learning environment in Mathematics classroom than the female learners. Moreover, it was also found out that classroom learning environment has a feeble effect on students’ attitude towards Mathematics. However, it was found that the male students showed relatively more positive attitude towards Mathematics than the female student
TEACHERS’ PERCEPTION OF SCHOOL GOALS AND APPROACHES TO INSTRUCTION: EFFECTS ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT GOALS
Get PDFSecondary school is considered to be the gateway for development of other sectors of education. It provides students the opportunity for quality education and a platform from which to proceed to higher education or vocational work. It has been a challenge for secondary schools to incorporate relevant skills, knowledge, and experience in the teaching-learning process as to address students’ needs. Some students learn English better than others even if they are given the same opportunities. The present study intended to make contributions in clarifying the findings regarding effects of goal orientations on students’ academic achievement in the subject of English. This study aimed to determine the effect of teachers’ goals and approaches to instruction on student achievement goals in the subject of English at secondary level. Main objectives of the study were to Survey the teachers’ perceptions of school goal structures for students, investigate the effects of teachers’ perceptions of school goal structures and their approaches towards instruction on students’ achievement goal orientation and to determine the kind of approaches teachers had towards instruction. It is a survey research and it was conducted in conventional classrooms in government Higher Secondary schools in district Peshawar. The sample consisted of 224 male and female teachers. The Patterns for Adaptive Learning Scale (PALS) developed and revised by Midgley et al, (2000) was used for the study. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were applied to identify teachers’ goals and approaches to instruction and its relationship with students’ achievement goal orientation. It was concluded that teachers’ perception of school goal structure was not significantly correlated with students’ achievement goal orientation. Teachers had low mastery approaches to instruction. Gender differences were found as more female teachers had high mastery approaches to instruction than male teachers
ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TEACHER EDUCATION PROGRAMS: PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS’ PERSPECTIVE
Get PDFQuality enhancement of teacher education programs has been a debatable issue all over the world. The present study was aimed to assess the quality of teacher education programs being offered in a public sector university in Pakistan. Three programs were randomly selected and prospective teachers studying in the final semester were selected as sample of the study. Prospective teachers studying in last semester of teacher training programs were the respondents. Questionnaire, containing 55 statements divided into six factors, was used as data collection tool. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics showed that the respondents were more satisfied about the selection criteria, effectiveness of teaching strategies used by teachers, behavior modification practices, appropriateness of courses, timely feedback, and teachers’ content knowledge but they were less satisfied with the statements related to availability of multimedia in the classes, sharing of faculty offices, no distortion of external factors, space to conduct activities, cleanliness and neatness of classrooms, and environment helpful for learning. The results of inferential statistics revealed significant difference in mean score of respondents from different programs on the factors of admission criteria, use of technology, assessment procedure, and quality of paper development and marking. It is recommended in the light of results that the university should allocate special budget to improve the quality of infrastructure. Furthermore, availability of technology and its proper use should be ensured by the university administrati