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The challenges of German-English literary translation: an exploration of Franz Kafka's Das Urteil (The Judgment) and Die Verwandlung (The Metamorphosis)
No full textThis thesis conducts a study of literary translation using selected texts by Franz Kafka as translated from German into English in the mid-twentieth century and in the early twenty-first century. This study entails a three-fold orientation, namely: to show the extent of the impact of socio-historical, political and cultural factors on both the translation process and translation product; secondly, it demonstrates the fact that a merging of theoretical principles and practical methods is necessary and possible for the study of literary translations; thirdly, it answers the questions of why the same literary works continue to be retranslated and why every generation of Kafka scholars and readers will need their own translations of his works. This research, furthermore, proposes that the position of literary translation should be elevated since this kind of translation can reveal more about the cultural and linguistic intricacies of the translation process. Seeking to contribute to the broader framework of the translation studies discipline, this thesis also makes a case for translators to reveal their translation process, in the form of notes or prefaces, in order to allow for informed studies of translations. Finally, the research at hand proposes some considerations for further study into literary translations and shows new trends in the sub-field of literary translation which will undoubtedly shift its current nature and call for theoretical and practical applications for more classes of languages
Goeie Maniere en Etiket
No full textHierdie tweetalige versameling kortverhale kombineer sprokieselemente met die van die
Bizarro-genre, om die waardesisteem wat van kleins af deur my konserwatiewe Afrikaanse
opvoeding by my ingeprent is, te ondersoek. Die vier eienskappe van die sprokie word deur
Kate Bernheimer in haar baanbrekende opstel Fairy tale is form, Form is fairy tale uitgelê as:
’n onbetrokke verteller, abstraksie, instinktiewe logika en genormaliseerde towerkuns. Na
my mening is dié vier eienskappe ook op die Bizarro-genre van toepassing. Hierdie
oorvleuling is sigbaar in Bernheimer se fiksie en ook onder andere Lucy Corin en Aimee
Bender s'n – skrywers wat my werk beïnvloed het
bones & flesh
No full textMy collection encompasses personal relationships, intimacy, and the erotic, as well as more narrative poems grounded in landscapes, including urban and internal landscapes. Some were written in conversation with other poems or pieces of prose such as the stories of Noy Holland. I use free verse forms influenced by various prose poems as well as by the musical/tonal forms of poets such as Lorca. Other styles and influences include the darkness and directness of Spanish poetry particularly Rafael Alberti (esp. his book Concerning the Angels); and the confident and reflective style of Romanian poet Nina Cassian
Grace “The story of a wise cat and a cruel man.”
No full textMorgan, a widower and police detective, is quickly promoted from constable to captain after a series of successful criminal investigations, creating enemies in the process. One of the convicted and incarcerated is Paper, a gang leader with a violent upbringing. After a lucky release from prison, Paper, now Morgan’s fierce foe, plots to hurt him in the worst way possible – by killing his only son. The story is narrated by a cat named Grace, whose presence and companionship comes from another dimension and helps Morgan to keep sane
Pitched
No full textPitched is a novella made up of short stories. It is about breaking in, breaking down
and breaking out of the advertising industry. My protagonist loves and hates this
confusing world she lives in. She is tough but also emotional and anxious, often
trapped between her strong desires and her strong morality. She finds herself both
attracted to and repulsed by the people who inhabit this world - sexy wolf-like
men, and prickly female execs alike. I have been inspired by the work
of Lidia Yuknavitch, Kate Zambreno, Michelle Tea and Chris Kraus to
create a universal woman I can identify with
“An investigation of green marketing opportunities at BOS Ice Tea”
No full textThe research addresses the marketing activities of BOS Ice Tea, a South African company, and whether they are reflective and grounded within their marketing activities. By analysing public data and interviewing the founding partners, Richard Bowsher and Grant Rushmere, the findings where compared against the marketing paradigms of Ottoman (1999) and the green marketing practices of Gittell et al. (2012). It was determined that the company engages in green activities, but does not communicate them clearly. Further, where the company did promote organic rooibos and sustainability, their actions were not reflective of these behaviours from an academic point of view. Thus, there was the potential for green washing. The research concludes with suggestions for a 4P’s green marketing framework, and comments on areas that need clarity
Restricted teacher leadership: a case study in a township high school in Port Elizabeth
No full textThe South African education system prior to 1994 was characterised by hierarchical management structures with top-down communication systems. After 1994, there was a policy call to shift leadership and management practices to more democratic ways of working. These policies required the principals to share their power with teachers, replacing the leader-follower system of leadership. The post-apartheid era in the South African education system marked a turning point where, in policy discourse at least, teachers were seen as leaders, opening the doors for teacher leadership.
The aim of this study was to explore the enactment of teacher leadership in a township secondary school in the province of the Eastern Cape. It also sought to investigate the factors that enhanced or hindered this leadership enactment as teachers operated as leaders in their natural setting. Under the umbrella of distributed leadership as a theoretical framework, the research study was located within the interpretive paradigm and a qualitative case study was adopted. Three teacher leaders at the case study school were my primary participants. Data collection methods included interviews, questionnaires, observations, self-reflective journaling and telephonic conservations.
I used Grant’s Model of teacher leadership as my analytical tool. My findings indicated that teacher leadership was enacted in all the zones of teacher leadership but to varying degrees. My teacher leaders enacted leadership in Zone 1 where they showed strong leadership in the classroom. They also enacted leadership in Zone 2 and 4 where they showed leadership in working with other teachers and learners outside the classroom in curricular and extra-curricular activities as well as in other neighbouring schools. However, in Zone 3 the School Management Team (SMT) controlled most of the leadership and management activities. Teacher leaders were not included in decision-making in this zone as the SMT thought that it was their sole duty. Teacher leadership in this school was thus characterised as ‘restricted’ following the characterisations of teacher leadership by Harris & Muijs (2007). Using Gunter’s (2005) categories of distributed leadership, I categorised the case study school as an example of authorised distributed leadership
The exploration of a relationship between leadership styles and organizational commitment of Richards Bay Coal Terminal employees.
No full textRichards Bay Coal Terminal (RBCT) is situated in the South African deep water
harbour of KwaZulu- Natal. The company provides coal mining organizations a
strategic logistics link to international coal markets by enabling the use of a coal
exporting facility. RBCT recognizes that its lifeblood is the human capital it retains and
that achieving a competitive edge equitably and fairly through its people is a priority
(du Preez, 2012). In the modern organization operating in an environment of
uncertainty and constant change, employee’s commitment to the organization can be
a critical determinant of its success or failure in anchoring a competitive advantage
(Ulrich, 1998). The current study explored a relationship between the full range
leadership styles of supervisors and the organizational commitment of the
subordinates to the organization. The literature reviewed in the study includes two
models; the first model is by Bass and Avolio and is referred to as the full range
leadership model (FRL). This is the independent variable of the research. The
dependent variable is organizational commitment, which belongs to the three
component model by Meyer and Allen. These models each contain an instrument
which was used on a sample of 120 non-supervisory employees. The independent
variable used an instrument called the multifactor leadership questionnaire (MLQ) and
the dependent used the organizational commitment questionnaire (OCQ).
The data collected with these two questionnaires was then subjected to statistical
scrutiny. A two-tailed Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to ascertain the
strength and direction of the linear relationship, but most importantly to, at 95%-99%
confidence, ascertain the statistical significance of the relationships. The findings of
the study reflected no statistically significant relationships between transactional
leadership and all of the three components of organizational commitment. The two
components; affective and normative commitment, both reported a significant
relationship with laissez-faire, whilst continuance commitment reflected insignificance.
A positive significant relationship between transformational leadership and affective
commitment was evident. This leadership style demonstrated no statistically
significant relationship between it and continuance and normative commitment.
The combined findings suggested that transactional leadership style of supervisors is
somewhat unrelated to the subordinate’s need, desire and or sense of obligation to
remain employed. A more transformational style of leadership appears to inspire a
desire to sustain employment and affectively commit to the organization, whilst this
style bears no relation to the need and sense of moral obligation of the subordinate to
maintain employment. Laissez-faire reported a weak insignificant negative relationship
with continuance commitment. The result suggests the independence of the
subordinates’ need to maintain employment to the lack of leadership presence of the
supervision. The significant relationship between laissez-faire and normative
commitment may be accepted as indicative of how the absence of leadership is related
to the employee’s recognition of no developmental intentions demonstrated by the
supervisor. Although weak, the relationship between laissez-faire and affective
commitment entails that the more prevalent the non-leadership (absence of
leadership) style of the supervisor, the less desire do subordinates demonstrate to
remain employed
Prediction of protein secondary structure using binary classificationtrees, naive Bayes classifiers and the Logistic Regression Classifier
No full textThe secondary structure of proteins is predicted using various binary classifiers. The data are adopted from the RS126 database. The original data consists of protein primary and secondary structure sequences. The original data is encoded using alphabetic letters. These data are encoded into unary vectors comprising ones and zeros only. Different binary classifiers, namely the naive Bayes, logistic regression and classification trees using hold-out and 5-fold cross validation are trained using the encoded data. For each of the classifiers three classification tasks are considered, namely helix against not helix (H/∼H), sheet against not sheet (S/∼S) and coil against not coil (C/∼C). The performance of these binary classifiers are compared using the overall accuracy in predicting the protein secondary structure for various window
sizes. Our result indicate that hold-out cross validation achieved higher accuracy than 5-fold cross validation. The Naive Bayes classifier, using 5-fold cross validation achieved, the lowest accuracy for predicting helix against not helix. The classification tree classifiers, using 5-fold cross validation, achieved the lowest accuracies for both coil against not coil and sheet against not sheet classifications. The logistic regression classier accuracy is dependent on the window size; there is a positive relationship between the accuracy and window size. The logistic regression classier approach achieved the highest accuracy when compared to the classification tree and Naive Bayes classifiers for each classification task; predicting helix against not helix with accuracy 77.74 percent, for sheet against not sheet with accuracy 81.22 percent and for coil against not coil with accuracy 73.39 percent. It is noted that it is easier to compare classifiers if the classification process could be completely facilitated in R. Alternatively, it would be easier to assess these logistic regression classifiers if SPSS had a function to determine the accuracy of the logistic regression classifier
Penguin parenting : assortative mating, nest attendance and sex-specific chick provisioning in the African Penguin (Spheniscus demersus).
No full textAnimal behaviour is especially sensitive to environmental variability and prey availability
during the breeding season, and this is particularly true for non-volant, central place
foragers such as the endangered African Penguin (Spheniscus demersus). Individual sex and
morphology, as well as the level of assortment within mated pairs can influence both the
behaviour and the reproductive success of species exhibiting biparental care. This study
made use of a large biometric database and nest attendance video footage to determine the
influence of intrinsic (assortative mating, brood size and chick age) and extrinsic
(environmental conditions, anthropic disturbance) factors on breeding behaviour and
performance of African Penguins on Bird Island, Algoa Bay, during peak breeding (March -
July) in 2013.
While sexual dimorphism in African Penguins is subtle, the colony-specific discriminant
functions presented here provide an accurate sexing tool when only bill and flipper length
are available. Despite the premise that selection of a large, high-quality mate in this longlived,
monogamous seabird governs lifetime fitness, only low levels of assortative mating
were found, and this only for earlier breeders, when larger females (but not males) bred.
The 2013 season was a particularly successful one, coinciding with above-average sardine
and anchovy abundance, and almost 80 percent of monitored nests were double-brooded, with
very low levels of mortality. A- and B-chicks of double broods and singleton chicks grew at
similar rates and exhibited similar body condition indices. In these conditions, chick
developmental rates were independent of parental size, assortment or provisioning
behaviour. Females raising a double brood were significantly lighter and in poorer body
condition than those raising a single chick, although the same trend was not evident in
males. Offspring sex ratio in 2013 (2.27:1) favoured male chicks, suggesting that there is
potential to over-produce the larger sex when resources are plentiful.
Peak nest arrival and departure times of parents did not change over the course of
monitored breeding attempts (March-June), nor were they different for disturbed and
undisturbed nests or for a single or double brood. The increase in CCTV-observed
provisioning rate as chicks grew larger was best explained by brood size, at-sea chlorophyll a
concentration, and maximum air temperature, but was unrelated to parental morphology or
assortative index. Importantly, parental absenteeism commenced earlier and was markedly
greater in nests frequently handled by researchers than in undisturbed nests. Both the time
spent together by parents, and absenteeism were measurably affected by maximum
afternoon air temperatures, the effects of which are expected to be exacerbated by poorer
foraging conditions and climate change.
A third of manually-monitored nests shared chick-guarding duties unequally, although this
phenomenon was independent of parental sex or morphology. The adaptive benefits of
mating patterns and division of labour during chick-rearing may only become apparent in a
year of below-average food availability and it is highly recommended that this study be
repeated in a year of scarce food resources. These findings augment past foraging ecology
studies and demonstrate that investigator disturbance and environmental conditions can
affect the nesting behaviour of this highly threatened seabird