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New artificial MUC1 glycopeptide-based anticancer vaccines: advances in design and therapeutic potential
No full textCharacterization of winegrape berries’ composition on sorting tables using hyperspectral imaging and AI
Get PDFComprehensive evaluation of grape composition at winery receiving areas often requires multiple measurements to ensure representativeness, as well as the use of analytical techniques that are time-consuming and involve sample preparation. Recent advances in non-destructive sensing technologies, particularly hyperspectral imaging (HSI), offer promising alternatives for rapid and reliable grape quality assessment. In this context, the present study proposes a novel, non-invasive methodology for the characterization of winegrape composition directly on sorting tables. Specifically, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) in the visible to near-infrared range (400–1000 nm), combined with multivariate statistical analysis and artificial intelligence (AI), was applied to estimate key compositional parameters including total soluble solids (TSS), pH, chromatic characteristics, anthocyanins, malic acid, tartaric acid, and yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN). The highest predictive performance was obtained for pH (R²CV = 0.90), with malic acid (R²CV = 0.76) and total soluble solids (TSS; R²CV = 0.64) also showing strong predictive capacity. For the remaining parameters, models achieved moderate R²CV values (0.30–0.50), sufficient to support binary classification between high and low levels. These findings highlight the potential of HSI as a powerful approach for grape quality assessment and decision-making in outdoor settings, such as grape sorting tables
Synthesis of antifreeze-like glycopeptides with prolinesand fluoroprolines
No full textAntifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs) are a type of biomolecules that help various organisms to survive inextremely cold climates. They consist of a repeated Thr-Ala-Ala sequence, in which the threonine residue is linkedto the disaccharide [βGal(1-3)αGalNAc] via an α-O-glycosidic bond. [1]AFGPs inhibit the ice growth by selectively binding to the prismatic plane of the ice crystal and influencingits ice-shapping. As a consequence, they can lower the freezing temperature without affecting the melting point.The difference between these two temperatures is known as thermal hysteresis and serves as an indicator of theantifreeze activity of these molecules.Their mechanism of action has not been clearly described, and it remains unclear which parts of theglycopeptide play a fundamental role in their antifreeze activity. [2] On the other hand, it is known that their structureadopts a polyproline II type conformation and that, in nature, there is a substitution of an Ala residue by Pro.During this presentation, we will explore the role of these Ala-to-Pro substitutions, as well as some derivativescontaining non-natural amino acids such as fluoroprolines. First, different glycopeptides will be synthesized usingsolid-phase peptide synthesis with αGalNAc residues. Then, through chemoenzymatic, the galactose residue willbe introduced. In future work, NMR experiments will be conducted to analyze their conformation in solution, alongwith computational molecular dynamics calculations, as well as thermal hysteresis and ice-shapingmeasurements to shed some light on the plausible mechanism of these molecules
Phenological characterization of major winegrape varieties in the Iberian Peninsula
No full textThe phenology of wine grapes has emerged as a crucial aspect for comprehending and forecasting the impacts of climate change on viticulture. This is due to phenology being essential in evaluating the suitability of grape varieties to future conditions. However, there is still a lack of quantitative characterization for key phenological stages in a majority of indigenous wine grape varieties from Spain and Portugal. Here we analyze the phenological responses to climate of predominant grape varieties in the Iberian Peninsula, including Tempranillo, Airen, Garnacha, Macabeo, and other varieties like Albariño, Godello, Pedro Ximenez, Fernão Pires (Portugal), which are extensively cultivated in specific regions. We compiled a comprehensive dataset from research centers and specialized organizations such as Origin Denominations across the Iberian Peninsula. The recorded field observations were then compared against well-established agroclimatic indices, such as Growing Degree Days (GDD), days with maximum temperature above 35°C, or days below 10ºC, amongst others. Even within our limited set of varieties, we observed surprising diversity in responses, supporting phenology-based varietal selection as an adaptive solution. This underscores the necessity to continue documenting phenology for many other locally understudied varieties. Our findings fill a knowledge gap, contributing to ongoing efforts in refining varietal selection strategies for adapting viticulture to climate change.Iberian Future Wines Research Team:Sofia Aguirre Iglesias, Department of Life Sciences, University of Alcalá ([email protected]) Lara Río Moreno, Department of Life Sciences, University of Alcalá ([email protected]) Mercedes Uscola Fernandez, University of Rey Juan Carlos ([email protected]) Gregorio Muñoz Organero, Madrid Institute of Research, Rural Development, Agricultural and Food ([email protected]) Félix Cabello, Madrid Institute of Research, Rural Development, Agricultural and Food ([email protected]) Francisco Emmanuel Espinosa, Madrid Institute of Research, Rural Development, Agricultural and Food ([email protected]) Ángel Soria Martín, Madrid Institute of Research, Rural Development, Agricultural and Food ([email protected]) Juan Luis Chacón Vozmediano, Institute of Agri-Food and Forestry Research and Development. Castilla La Mancha ([email protected]) Jesús Martínez Gascueña Regional, Institute of Agri-Food and Forestry Research and Development. Castilla La Mancha ([email protected]) Javier Portu Reinares, Institute of Vine and Wine Sciences ([email protected]) Sergio Ibáñez Pascual, Institute of Vine and Wine Sciences ([email protected]) Javier Ibáñez Marcos, Institute of Vine and Wine Sciences ([email protected]) Elisa Baroja Hernández, Institute of Vine and Wine Sciences ([email protected]) Leonor Ruiz García, Murcian Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research and Development ([email protected]) Félix Cibriáin Sabalza, Navarra Viticulture and Enology Station ([email protected]) Ana Sagüés Sarasa, Navarra Viticulture and Enology Station ([email protected]) Miguel Lara, Institute of Research and Training in Agriculture and Fisheries of Andalusia ([email protected]) José Antonio Rubio Cano, Agricultural Technology Institute of Castilla and León ([email protected]) David Uriarte, Scientific and Technological Research Center of Extremadura ([email protected]) Jorge Cunha, National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research of Portugal ([email protected]) María del Carmen Martínez Rodríguez, Biological Mission of Galicia (se.cisc.gbm@zenitramnemrac) Ignacio Morales-Castilla (Team Leader), Department of Life Sciences, University of Alcalá ([email protected]
Pala-dino. Las lenguas romances y los dinosaurios, una revolución en la ciencia: La Rioja, 12 y 16 de mayo de 2025. Libro de resúmenes / Guía de excursiones
No full textEstudio de la evolución de la extremidad posterior en Titanosauriformes (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) mediantemorfometría geométrica 3D
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Psychological Adaptation and Conflict Resolution: Negotiation Techniques for Promoting Emotional Well-Being and Social Responsibility in Adolescents, Young Adults, and Professionals
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