Scientific Publications of the University of Toulouse II Le Mirail
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Le Théorème de Hodge : De la Géométrie Riemannienne au Geometric Deep Learning: Analyse fonctionnelle, Topologie discrète et Stabilité de l'IA
No full textThis document presents a comprehensive study of the Hodge Theorem, a pivotal result bridging local differential geometry and the global topology of compact Riemannian manifolds. We provide a modern functional proof of the existence and uniqueness of harmonic forms, grounded in the analysis of elliptic operators within Sobolev spaces.The framework is then extended to the discrete domain, where the manifold is replaced by a simplicial complex to define the Combinatorial Hodge Laplacian. This discretization enables applications in Big Data and complex networks through the HodgeRank algorithm, which decomposes information flows into gradient, solenoidal, and harmonic components. Finally, we discuss how this theorem serves as the architect of stability in Geometric Deep Learning, offering robust topological invariants and spectral regularization mechanisms for the next generation of geometric Artificial Intelligence.Ce document explore le théorème de Hodge, résultat central reliant la géométrie différentielle locale à la topologie globale des variétés riemanniennes compactes. Nous présentons une démonstration fonctionnelle moderne de l'existence et de l'unicité des formes harmoniques, fondée sur l'analyse des opérateurs elliptiques dans les espaces de Sobolev.L'étude s'étend ensuite au formalisme discret, remplaçant la variété par un complexe simplicial pour définir le Laplacien de Hodge combinatoire. Cette transition permet d'appliquer la théorie à l'analyse de données massives et aux réseaux complexes via l'algorithme HodgeRank, qui décompose les flux d'information en composantes gradient, solénoïdale et harmonique. Enfin, nous montrons comment ce cadre théorique devient l'architecte de la stabilité dans le Geometric Deep Learning, en fournissant des invariants topologiques robustes et des mécanismes de régularisation spectrale pour les nouvelles générations d'intelligences artificielles géométriques
Le portrait musical
No full textL’idée même de « portrait musical » a l’attrait du paradoxe : les discours sur la musique à l’âge romantique, relayés et renforcés par les esthétiques formalistes, ont imposé en effet une conception de la musique comme art inapte à la représentation. Et pourtant, depuis la période baroque au moins (Couperin, par exemple), jusqu’à la musique contemporaine (Boulez, Reynolds, Richter, etc.), y compris dans le domaine du jazz (Corea), le répertoire du portrait musical est abondant. La scène opératique aussi regorge de portraits, dont les fonctions poétiques et dramatiques sont portées par le livret. Ainsi, par sa complexité même, le portrait musical constitue un outil critique permettant de révéler et de contester les présupposés conceptuels, et idéologiques, des approches purement formalistes de la musique
Is the Necessity Relation a Real Support? Analysis of Weighted Bipolar Argumentation Frameworks with Necessities
No full textInternational audienc
Enhancing peripheral scene recognition through spatial frequency training: Behavioral evidence from macular degeneration and healthy aging
No full textInternational audienceMacular degeneration (MD) causes central vision loss and leads to long-term reorganization of visual functions. Central vision loss in MD severely reduces access to high spatial frequencies (HSF) that convey fine visual details, while low spatial frequencies (LSF) remain relatively accessible through peripheral vision and may support compensatory processing. This study investigated whether repeated training in categorizing filtered scenes improves peripheral scene recognition by enhancing spatial frequency processing. Ten MD patients and ten age- and gender-matched controls performed a scene categorization task (indoor vs. outdoor) using LSF or HSF images. Both groups completed a 12-session training protocol: patients performed the task at their preferred retinal location (PRL), and controls fixated with their fovea and viewed stimuli through an individualized artificial scotoma matched to their paired patient. Before training, MD patients showed a marked deficit for HSF scenes compared to controls, and a milder deficit for LSF scenes. After training, patients exhibited a significant improvement in categorizing LSF scenes, and an improvement specifically limited to HSF outdoor scenes, suggesting enhanced use of preserved peripheral information and partial compensation for the HSF deficit. Older controls also showed reduced performance for HSF scenes in peripheral vision, and similarly benefited from training. These results highlight the potential of perceptual training to enhance peripheral visual processing in MD patients, particularly by leveraging coarse visual cues. They support the idea that such protocols may be beneficial not only for visual rehabilitation in MD but also for preserving visual-cognitive functions in normal aging
Géophysique et archéologie. Résultats d'une opération combinée menée sur l'agglomération protohistorique d’Esbérous à Eauze (Gers)
No full textInternational audienc
Représentations sociales et perceptions de l’efficacité du serment chez les auditeurs de justice et tout-venants
No full textNational audienc
From Written Tests to OSCE: A Study on the Perceptions of Assessment Reform by Students and Faculty in the French Dental Curriculum
No full textInternational audienceTraditional assessment methods in dental education, such as written tests and multiple-choice questions, primarily measure theoretical knowledge but inadequately evaluate clinical and interpersonal competencies. The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE), recognized globally for its validity and reliability, addresses these limitations and is widely adopted in medical curricula; however, its implementation in dental education remains poorly undocumented. This study explored perceptions of OSCE compared to traditional formats within the Clinical and Therapeutic Synthesis Certificate (CTSC) at Toulouse Faculty of Health during its first OSCE-based session in January 2019. Eighty-four fifth-year students and eight faculty assessors completed a validated questionnaire assessing fairness, educational value, and stress levels. Results indicated that OSCE was perceived as covering diverse clinical skills (86%) and offering authentic scenarios (83%). Despite being stressful (76%), OSCE was considered the fairest (60% vs. MCQ 31%, WT 41%; p < 0.001) and most educational (77% vs. MCQ 17%, WT 31%). Eighty-three percent of students recommended its broader use, while assessors unanimously endorsed its fairness and utility. Both groups highlighted its formative potential. These findings support OSCE's integration into French dental curricula to strengthen competency-based assessment and enhance clinical skill evaluation
Rethinking misinformation through plausibility estimation and confidence calibration
No full textInternational audienceDemocracies are vulnerable to misinformation. Prevailing interventions emphasize truth detection, but offer no panacea. We argue that strengthening people’s ability to estimate the plausibility of information and calibrate their confidence under uncertainty offers a complementary route to addressing misinformation
Studying non-chert lithic macro-tools from the Upper Palaeolithic: New functional data from an experimental and archaeological use-wear approach to the Solutrean site at Landry, Dordogne (France)
No full textInternational audienceThis study presents new functional data from a use-wear study of non-chert macro-tools from the Upper Solutrean open-air site at Landry (Dordogne, France). While the Solutrean is known for its refined chert production, non-chert lithic industries have remained largely understudied. At Landry, a rich assemblage of quartzite, dolerite, basalt, and ignimbrite artefacts provided an opportunity to explore their role within the site’s domestic and economic activities. A sample of 63 non-chert tools was analysed using low- and high-power analysis, and supported by an experimental reference collection created specifically for this purpose. Our results reveal a wide range of activities involving both cutting and percussive actions—especially on hard animal and mineral materials—suggesting functional complementarity with the chert toolkit. The study demonstrates the value of integrating non-chert materials into functional analyses, as it shed light on technical choices, task specialization, and spatial organization within the site. This work highlights the relevance of use-wear analysis in understandinglithic economies in the Upper Palaeolithic, including in contexts where non-chert tools played a secondary but significant role
Échelle d'Évaluation du Bien-Être Subjectif - EBES
No full textL’Échelle d’Évaluation du Bien-Être Subjectif (EBES) (version française de la BBC-SWB) est proposée ici dans une version prête à l’emploi, incluant la passation et la cotation (score global et sous-dimensions).This repository provides the French version of the BBC Subjective Well-Being Scale (BBC-SWB), renamed the Échelle d’Évaluation du Bien-Être Subjectif (EBES), including (1) an administration form intended for respondents and (2) a scoring and interpretation guide describing how to compute the total score and subscale scores. The EBES is designed for use in clinical and research settings to assess subjective well-being across multiple life domains. This tool was developed as part of the study published in the following article: Megherbi-Moulay, O., Jullian, B., Franchitto, N. et al. Transcultural Adaptation and Validation in French of the BBC Subjective Well-Being Scale (BBC-SWB) in the General Population. Applied Research Quality Life 20, 851–885 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-025-10439-9. Please cite this article when using the scale.Ce dépôt contient l’Échelle d’Évaluation du Bien-Être Subjectif (EBES), version française de la BBC Subjective Well-Being Scale (BBC-SWB), incluant (1) un formulaire de passation destiné aux répondants et (2) un document d’évaluation décrivant la cotation et le calcul des scores (score global et sous-dimensions). L’EBES est conçue pour une utilisation clinique et de recherche afin d’évaluer le bien-être subjectif dans plusieurs domaines de vie. Cet outil a été développé dans le cadre de la recherche publiée dans l’article suivant : Megherbi-Moulay, O., Jullian, B., Franchitto, N. et al. Transcultural Adaptation and Validation in French of the BBC Subjective Well-Being Scale (BBC-SWB) in the General Population. Applied Research Quality Life 20, 851–885 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-025-10439-9. Veuillez citer cet article lors de l’utilisation de l’échelle