Scientific Publications of the University of Toulouse II Le Mirail
Not a member yet
92205 research outputs found
Sort by
La transmission des entreprises familiales agricoles en Pays Basque Nord: Etude et caractérisation du processus de transmission
No full textInternational audienc
Back-formation in a new theoretical universe
No full textBack-formation is defined as a type of morphological change in which a base word is created ex novo paralleling an extant morphological alternation that serves as a model as in the verb to televise from the noun television. This analogical procedure is generally held to aim at increasing paradigm regularity. In this survey, several questions will be discussed with respect to the nature, the extension and the inner motivation of back-formation as well as its generalizability as a mechanism for language modeling and change
Purely vision-based collective movement of robots
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Collective movement inspired by animal groups promises inherited benefits for robot swarms. However, while animals only rely on local senses, robots often use global information or explicit communication, introducing weaknesses to the swarm. To address these vulnerabilities, bio-inspired decentralized swarms have been a focus for decades. Yet, creating robots that move efficiently together using local sensory information remains an extraordinary challenge. Here, we present a decentralized, purely vision-based terrestrial swarm, where robots achieve polarized motion with highly effective collision avoidance exclusively through simple visual interactions. They compute everything on board based on their individual camera streams, without central processing or communication. Using robot experiments and agent-based simulations, we show that with this model, even with a strictly limited field of view and within confined spaces, ordered group motion can emerge. Our results offer a multitude of practical applications from hybrid societies to advanced vision-based robot swarms operating in ever-changing environments
« La séance à l’épreuve des différences culturelles : la relation entre le spectacle et ses spectateurices en France et aux États-Unis »
No full textInternational audienc
Quand Antigone choisit la vie. Analyse de la pièce "Akila, le tissu d’Antigone" de Marine Bachelot Nguyen
No full textInternational audienc
A hierarchical multiscale model of forward and backward alpha-band traveling waves in the visual system
No full textInternational audienceRecent studies have shown that cortical low-frequency oscillations are often organized as traveling waves. The properties of these waves have been linked to both sensory processing and cognitive functions. In EEG recordings, alpha-band (~10Hz) traveling waves propagate predominantly along the occipital-frontal axis, with forward waves being most prominent during visual processing, while backward waves dominate at rest and during sensory suppression. While a previous study has proposed a functional model to explain their generation and propagation, a biologically plausible implementation is lacking. Here, we present a multi-scale network model with meanfield dynamics that, building on known cortical connectivity, reproduces the dynamics of alpha-band traveling waves observed in EEG recordings. We show that forward and backward waves can arise from two distinct cortical sub-networks that are connected in infragranular layers at each area. At rest, the network generates spontaneous backward waves and switches to a forward state upon sensory stimulation, reproducing the dynamics observed in EEG recordings. We then show that a cortico-thalamic pathway through the pulvinar can bias the dynamics to the forward state and that pulvinar engagement leads to spontaneous forward waves at rest. This is in line with previous studies suggesting a key role for the pulvinar in directing cortical information flow. In summary, our model provides a biologically plausible architecture for modeling the dynamics of macroscale traveling waves. It bridges the gap between scales by connecting laminar activity to scalp-level spatial patterns, providing a biologically grounded and comprehensive view of the spatial propagation of alpha-band traveling waves. The direction of these waves strongly correlates with visual input and attention. While invasive studies have also reported traveling waves at the cortical level, it remains unknown how these two levels of observation are linked. We present a physiologically plausible model that bridges this gap by linking scalp-level wave patterns to mean-field activity at the laminar level in the cortex. In addition to explaining previously published EEG results, our model makes key predictions to be tested in future experiments. Overall, this study contributes to the interpretability of EEG investigations of traveling wave
Perceived time drives physical fatigue
No full textRecent studies suggested that fundamental physiological processes, such as physical fatigue, rely on the perceived rather than the actual time. However, the neural correlates underlying this effect and its disentanglement from motivational factors (i.e., performance goals) remain unknown. To investigate the time deception effect on fatigue, we developed a novel EEG design in which participants performed 100 isometric contractions at a fixed pace and resistance per session. The actual contraction duration (short or long) and the calibration of the displayed clock (normal or biased to an acceleration or deceleration) were independently manipulated between sessions to examine whether fatigue and its neural correlates evolved based on perceived or actual time. Our results show an accumulation of physical fatigue that follows the perceived time, irrespective of motivational factors. This effect was consistently observed only when the clock was slowed down. This time deception effect was mediated by an oscillatory dynamic that followed perceived time in frontal (theta-and beta-bands) but not motor areas (beta-band). Further analyses highlighted the key role of the frontal oscillatory dynamics in the effectiveness of the time deception effect on physical fatigue. Significance statementCan a clock change the course of physical fatigue? In this study, we addressed this question while controlling for motivational confounds and monitoring EEG-associated power modulations. Our findings demonstrate a slowed-down fatigue accumulation in the presence of a slowed-down clock. This time manipulation effect was driven by a frontal oscillatory dynamic that thoroughly followed the perceived time. These results highlight the direct influence of psychological factors on physiological processes and unveil the neural correlates underlying this effect..</div
Hybrid Semantics Accounting for Argument Types
No full textAssessing the strength of arguments is essential for determining the outcomes of any argument-based system. A wide range of semantics has been proposed in the literature. These take as input a set of arguments-each assigned a basic weight and potentially subject to attacks from others-and compute a single strength value for each argument. Despite the diversity of argument types (or schemes), existing semantics apply uniform evaluation criteria across all arguments.In the current work, we advocate for type-dependent evaluations, acknowledging that the impact of attacks can vary across types. Given that many argument-based systems involve heterogeneous types of arguments, we propose a broad family of hybrid semantics that combine distinct evaluation strategies, each tailored to specific argument types. We investigate their theoretical properties, present concrete instances within this family, and examine their computational complexity
Anonymization Did Not Fail: Misconceptions and Overstatements on Data Anonymization Failures
No full textInternational audienceSeveral authors have claimed the “failure of anonymization,” despite over 50 years of research. We review privacy leaks reported over the past decades and conclude they were due to nonexistent or inadequate anonymization, rather than a lack of robust anonymization methods