Animo Repository - De La Salle University Research
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Graffiti, Neoliberalismo, at Tunggalian para sa Espasyo sa Lungsod Quezon (Graffiti, Neoliberalism, and Contestations for Space in Quezon City)
Get PDFMagmula nang umigting ang neoliberalismo bilang ekonomikong kaayusan noong dekada 1970, daan-daang bansa na ang maaapektuhan nito at libo-libong espasyo ang mahuhubog ng masidhing neoliberal na lohika. Tatawagin ng mga paham bilang neoliberal na urbanismo—ang ganitong diwa ng pagsasaayos sa mga lungsod, na nasa anyo ng pribatisasyon at hentripikasyon ng mga espasyo, ay magdudulot ng pag-unlad at lubos-at-labis na yaman para sa iilan, at kaaba-abang karalitaan at guho para sa nakararami. Sa ganitong konteksto ng neoliberal na urbanismo, isinusulong ng artikulo na ang mga graffiti ay umiiral bilang tekstong panlipunan na instrumental sa agawan ng espasyo sa pagitan ng estado-merkado at ng publiko. Gamit ang Google Street View (GSV) upang galugarin ang piling susing-sityo sa Lungsod Quezon, ipinakikita na ang mga graffiti ay kapwa ginagamit sa produksiyon ng espasyo sa neoliberal na engklabo, o kaya ay sa katunggaling mga sityong nagsusulong naman ng “adyenda ng maralita” o “karapatan sa lungsod” ng higit na nakararami. Taliwas ang kabuoang pagbasang ito, bilang huli, sa payak na pagtanaw sa graffiti bilang pawang bandalismo o dumi; ang graffiti ay integral na teksto sa agawan ng espasyo at sa tunggalian ng mga uri.
Since neoliberalism intensified as a dominant economic order in the 1970s, it has reshaped hundreds of countries and thousands of spaces through its pervasive and enduring logic. Scholars have since referred to this phenomenon as neoliberal urbanism—a reconfiguration of urban life marked by the privatization and gentrification of spaces, which produces development and superabundant wealth for a select few while engendering abject poverty and devastation for the majority. Within this context, the present study argues that graffiti function as social texts instrumental to the contestation of urban space between the state-market and the public. Using Google Street View (GSV) to explore key sites in Quezon City, the study demonstrates that graffiti contribute to the production of space within neoliberal enclaves and, conversely, animate oppositional sites that advance the “agenda of the urban poor” and/or the “right to the city” of the broader populace. In contrast to reductive interpretations of graffiti as mere vandalism or dirt, this reading positions graffiti as a culturally embedded text—integral to the contestation of space and conflict among classes in society
Reading-as-Lesbian and Desiring-as-Lesbian: The commodification of kilig and coming-of-age in Samantha Lee’s Billie and Emma (2018)
Get PDFIn 2018, Samantha Lee’s second movie Billie and Emma was screened in the QC International Film Festival. I watched it during the pandemic and had since been arrested by its portrayal and narrative of lesbian and queer teens. In this paper, I argue that Samantha Lee’s Billie and Emma (2018) offers a subversive narrative of lesbians by using kilig as affect enveloped in a coming-of-age narrative. By deploying Wilton (the lesbian as subject position) and Berlant (fantasy/desire), I will discuss how Billie and Emma (2018) subverts the lens of heterosexuality/heteronormativity seen in most lesbian films both in the western and local production vis-a-vis the danger of commodifying kilig and coming-of-age as affect and narrative structure. In underscoring the importance of the lesbian as a subject-position, this paper aims to contribute to the expanding field of lesbian criticism and lesbian studies
Describing the importance of seagrass habitat to the associated fisheries in Kay Reyna, Lian, Batangas, Philippines
No full textThe Philippines hosts the second-highest diversity of seagrass species globally, playing a crucial ecological, and socio-economic role in coastal communities in the tropics. Seagrass beds are highly productive marine ecosystems and particularly serve as habitats and nursery grounds for a wide array of marine species, including those of economic importance to small-scale fisheries. This study is the first to assess the ecological importance of seagrass habitats in Kay Reyna, Lian, Batangas, and the ecological service (i.e. fisheries) that local fishing communities can benefit from. Using a modified version of the HINGACU-Palawan technique, three most commonly observed seagrass species were identified: Enhalus acoroides, Halodule pinifolia, and Thalassia hemprichii from an expansive seagrass bed in Kay Reyna. Species composition and density seemed to vary with zones (proxy to depth), with the middle zone showing the highest density. These results, however, remain to be validated due to lack of replication. Nonetheless, the current conditions of the seagrasses in Kay Reyna reflect established taxonomic and growth characteristics for tropical settings. A combination of Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), one-on-one interviews, and a preliminary fish landing survey revealed, among other things, that the small-scale fisheries in Lian suggest overfishing. Moreover, the rabbitfish Siganus fuscescens was the most commonly occurring commercially important fish targeted in the fishing grounds of Kay Reyna near seagrass beds. The fish landing survey showed an average fish length of approximately 18.0 cm TL, which appears to be larger than those in previous studies. There are several possible explanations and one of which may be that the Kay Reyna rabbitfishes may be subjected to low levels of exploitation given that the sampled area is under strict fishery regulation. However, limitations in sampling frequency necessitate further studies to confirm conclusive generalization of the trends we observed. Nonetheless, we believe that these preliminary findings provide key insights to the management of biological resources, maintaining marine biodiversity while utilizing them sustainably
Integrating intersectional needs of Filipinos of different ages, disabilities, and socioeconomic classes for inclusive sidewalk design
No full textEveryone is entitled to adequate transit in public spaces, regardless of identity. However, general disregard for pedestrian needs resulted in poor urban planning and neglected walkways, critically affecting individuals of varied physical capabilities. The objectives are to evaluate the state of sidewalks today, pinpoint desirable elements, analyze crucial factors when assessing accessibility using an intersectional perspective, and suggest elements for inclusive design. This study emphasizes the significance of intersectionality in establishing equitable public places by considering the varied experiences of people depending on age, disability, and socioeconomic position. An Analytic Hierarchy Process centering on inclusive designs, with participants of multiple intersectional identities, was employed to generate their priorities. Findings showed mobility is a top criterion, while Transport Disadvantaged Persons facilities are attributes that all identity groups prioritize. This paper shows the differences, similarities, and priorities of 11 identity groups and their intersections with varying difficulty in physically accessing facilities
Stakeholders’ engagement in Binangonan, City of San Jose Del Monte (CSJDM) Bulacan, and Mandaluyong City local school boards context: An in-depth analysis
No full textThe Philippine educational system is in crisis. The Second Congressional Education Commission (EDCOM II) Year II Report, in its preface, made this pronouncement in its recently concluded report. In its Year I report, EDCOM II recognizes that all stakeholders, from policymakers to community members, play a pivotal role in addressing the crisis. Under the Local Government Code, the Local School Board (LSB) warrants the active involvement of local stakeholders. An efficient, effective, equitable, and quality education that encompasses skills, knowledge, and attitudes linked to national educational goals is the responsibility of all stakeholders. This research primarily examined the extent of stakeholder involvement in the local school board. The study compared cases of local school boards from a highly urbanized city, a component city, and a municipality. This also identified the factors or practices that facilitate or deter stakeholder engagement. LSB\u27s role in disbursing the Special Education Fund was also looked into. Through document analysis and in-depth interviews, we develop practices and policies to improve education at the local level. Finally, the research assessed how LSBs have contributed to the quality of education in select local government units. Ultimately, while there were prior studies on the involvement of stakeholders in education, the paper filled in the knowledge gap on how stakeholders’ active engagement in the local school board improved basic services for education at the local level and contributed to the theory building and policy recommendation in the future conduct of stakeholder engagement in a local school board context
Mainstreaming Kautilya in Realism’s Intellectual Tradition: A Top-Down Approach for Global International Relations
No full textStudents of realism often find themselves limited in their appreciation of the paradigm’s dynamic characteristics due to the dominance of mainstream literature, which primarily presents the ideas and views of thinkers from just one part of the world. Although there is nothing wrong with promoting distinguished thinkers from the West whose ideas resonate strongly with contemporary realist analysis, this article seeks to broaden the conversation within realism through the lens of Global International Relations. Although non-Western scholars have recently endeavored to present novel variants of realism that reflected important experiences of the developing world, these bottom-up contributions have often faced difficulties penetrating the center of knowledge production within the realist school. Accordingly, this article argues that a top-down approach would more effectively encourage pluralism within the realist school. However, this would require broadening realism’s prized intellectual tradition. Therefore, this article seeks to widen the scope of realism’s intellectual roots by capitalizing on the contributions of ancient Indian political thinker Kautilya and his Arthashastra within it. A top- down approach to pursuing Global International Relations may provide more opportunities for contemporary non-Western realist scholars to promote their work within the theoretical school of thought
Beliefs and Practices of Filipino Bilingual Senior High School Students on Language Learner Autonomy
No full textThe concept of learner autonomy (LA) has been investigated mostly from the perspective of language teachers, whereas students’ views regarding this notion have received less attention in recent decades. In line with this, the present study aimed to examine the beliefs and practices of Filipino bilingual senior high school students enrolled in the Humanities and Social Sciences (HumSS) and Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) strands. A total of 148 students from two Philippine public schools in Metro Manila participated in an adapted survey questionnaire containing Likert-scale items on beliefs, desirability, and feasibility of LA, along with an open-ended question on its role in second language learning. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods design was employed, where quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon Rank Sum tests, followed by thematic analysis of qualitative responses. Results show no significant differences between the two strands in their general beliefs (W = 2298, p = .109), and desirability of LA (W = 2354.5, p = .166), although HumSS students rated feasibility more positively than STEM students (W = 2030, p = .008). Thematic analysis further indicated that students viewed autonomy in the context of language learning as a way for them to apply language learning strategies, establish language learning goals, and manage learning pressures. These findings suggest that Filipino bilingual students are capable of understanding and articulating the value of autonomy, reflecting a readiness to engage in more self-directed forms of language learning. Although limited in scope, the study demonstrates that autonomy-supportive practices can be implemented even in resource-constrained language instruction, offering insights into fostering self-directed language learning