Asian Multicultural Research Studies (AMRS)
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A Glimpse Into the Water Architectural Heritage of Marrakech: Artistic Forms and Functional Dimensions
Full text linkThis research paper sheds light on the pivotal role of water in shaping the architectural identity of Moroccan cities, with a particular focus on Marrakech. It emphasizes the aesthetic dimensions of this architecture and the emotional responses it elicits, while also analyzing the semiotics of a distinctive architectural style that has developed through a significant cultural history. This research paper highlights how water has functioned as both a catalyst for construction and an emblem of tranquility and prosperity throughout Marrakech's urban development, particularly during the influential Almoravid and Almohad periods. These epochs not only contributed to the city's architectural heritage but also largely shaped a cultural identity that persists today. The study further explores the significance of water architecture in Islamic civilization, showcasing its beauty and artistry, and examines the intricate relationships between water facilities and urban planning, tackling their roles in religious, economic, environmental, health, and aesthetic contexts. Ultimately, this study reveals how the integration of water architecture has shaped the urban landscape of Marrakech, adhering to engineering principles that harmonize natural and artistic elements
The Influence of Financial Literacy, Financial Behavior, Self Efficacy, and Availability Bias on Stock Investment Decisions of Gen Z in Pontianak City
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of financial literacy, financial behavior, self-efficacy, and availability bias on stock investment decisions of Gen Z in Pontianak City. This study was conducted with an associative approach. The primary data of this study were obtained through a questionnaire using Google form. The questionnaire was distributed to Gen Z in Pontianak City aged 17-26 years who invested in the stock market. The population in this study was Gen Z in Pontianak City totaling 219,743 people. So the sample taken in this study was 150 people. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The financial literacy variable (X1) shows a significant value of 0.002 <0.05, so Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. It can be seen that individual financial literacy has an influence on stock investment decisions. The financial behavior variable (X2) shows a significant value of 0.000 <0.05, so Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. It can be seen that individual financial behavior has an influence on stock investment decisions. In the self-efficacy variable (X3) shows a significant value of 0.000 < 0.05, then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. It can be seen that individual self-efficacy has an influence on stock investment decisions. In the availability bias variable (X4) shows a significant value of 0.000 < 0.05, then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. It can be seen that individual availability bias has an influence on stock investment decisions
Diagnostic Performance of Sepsis Scores in the Emergency Department: A Retrospective Study : "A Comparative Analysis of SIRS, SOFA, and qSOFA Scoring Systems for Early Sepsis Detection"
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Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the diagnostic performance of three commonly used sepsis scoring systems—SIRS, SOFA, and qSOFA—in patients presenting to the emergency department.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A retrospective diagnostic accuracy study was conducted using data from 800 adult patients who presented to a tertiary hospital emergency department with suspected infection between January 2023 and December 2024. Sepsis was defined according to Sepsis-3 criteria. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and area under the ROC curve (AUC) were calculated for each scoring system.
Findings: SOFA demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance (AUC: 0.87), followed by qSOFA (AUC: 0.74) and SIRS (AUC: 0.71). SIRS had the highest sensitivity (84%) but lowest specificity (55%). qSOFA showed the highest specificity (88%) but lowest sensitivity (50%). SOFA achieved balanced sensitivity (80%) and specificity (78%). Subgroup analysis showed that SOFA was superior in predicting ICU admission and mortality, while qSOFA was effective for identifying critically ill patients.
Conclusion: Among the evaluated scoring systems, SOFA provides the best diagnostic accuracy for sepsis in the emergency setting. While qSOFA is useful for identifying high-risk patients quickly, its low sensitivity limits its standalone utility. SIRS remains highly sensitive but lacks specificity. These findings can support clinical decision-making and triage in emergency care.
 
Evaluation of Cost-Effectiveness and Patient Satisfaction of Topical, Topical Plus Systemic, and Topical Plus Laser Treatment in Patients with Acne Vulgaris
Full text linkAcne vulgaris is a common skin disease and can reduce the quality of life and cause psychological distress. This study evaluated the clinical effectiveness, patient satisfaction, and cost-effectiveness of topical monotherapy, topical plus systemic, and topical plus laser treatment in patients with acne vulgaris. A quantitative study with a prospective cohort design was conducted at Erha clinic from April 2024 to March 2025. Data determining clinical efficacy, patient satisfaction, treatment cost and cost-effectiveness using lesion counting, Investigator Global Acne (IGA) scale, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and total cost calculations were measured at baseline, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks of treatment, and analysed using IBM SPSS version 22. Patients in topical monotherapy, topical plus systemic, and topical plus laser group recorded a median baseline lesion of 15 (14-16), 15 (15-17), and 21 (20-22), respectively, and 96.6% had mild to moderate acne, 90% moderate acne, and 76.7% severe acne based on IGA scores. These treatment modalities reduced 15 lesions for topical monotherapy, 15 lesions for topical plus systemic, and 21 lesions for topical plus laser, respectively, with 100% of topical monotherapy and topical plus laser, and 96.7% of topical plus systemic group achieving clear skin at week 12. The topical plus laser treatment provided the greatest and fastest acne lesion improvement and satisfaction, but at the highest cost. The choice of acne therapy should consider the balance between clinical effectiveness and cost-efficiency, especially in Southeast Asia with limited access and resources
Leadership Transformation: Integrating Feminine and Masculine Excellence in an Era of Inclusivity
Full text linkLeadership is a key element in determining the success of higher education governance. This study aims to analyze the implementation of feminine and masculine leadership styles in five higher education institutions in Gorontalo. The feminine approach, which emphasizes collaboration, inclusive communication, and empathy, is compared to the masculine approach which focuses more on assertiveness, risk-taking, and results-oriented. This study uses a qualitative method with in-depth interviews with institutional leaders to explore the implementation of these leadership styles in higher education governance. The results show that the feminine leadership style is effective in creating an inclusive work environment, increasing motivation, and encouraging innovation, while the masculine style provides advantages in strategic decision-making and managing institutional challenges. The combination of these two styles has been proven to increase the effectiveness of higher education governance as a whole. In conclusion, the synergy between feminine and masculine leadership styles is an optimal strategy in responding to the needs of higher education institutions in a dynamic era. This study provides a theoretical contribution in strengthening the understanding of the relevance and flexibility of leadership styles in the context of higher education
The Impact of the Financial Market Turnover Rate on the Market Value: An Experimental Study on a Sample of Banks Listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange
Full text linkThis research aims to try to determine and analyze the form of the expected relationship between the financial market turnover as an independent variable and the variance of the company's value expressed by the market value scale for a number of iraqi banks listed in the iraq stock exchange. In order to conduct an analysis of the relationship, the data published on the official website of the central bank of iraq was relied upon, in addition to the data published in the iraq stock exchange for a sample of Tortella (2013) iraqi private banks that were adopted using the intentional or deliberate sampling method for the period from january 2015 to july 2024. Financial market turnover and market value of banks, the research sample. Afterwards, the relationship of influence among the variables was tested according to the relationship stipulated in the research hypotheses and analyzed statistically, which indicated the existence of a direct effect of financial market turnover on the market value of banks. These results confirm that the market value of banks varies to the extent of explaining the variance of financial market turnover
Implementation of Value Engineering on MC House Project Kemenuh Gianyar
Full text linkThe expensive Budget Cost for MC House Construction Project in Tender Phase, causes the owner to try to safe costs in order to make it efficient. The method use Value Engineering (VE). This method could make the cost more efficient without removing the main function of the analyzed items. The goals of this research is to understand the work items which could safe the cost, alternatives recommendation for cost saving, and the total value of cost saving based on VE analysis. The process for analysis contains Information Phase, Function Analysis Phase, Creative Phase, Evaluation Phase, and Reccomendation Phase. The analysis based on Pareto Diagram results in ten work items to analyze which are Structural Work, Doors Windows and Accessories Work, Floor Finishing Work, Wall Installation Work, Wall Finishing Work, Sanitaries Work, Mechanical Work, Roof and Listplank Installation, MVAC Work, and Ceiling Work. After analysis, the total cost saving is IDR 505,822,062 or 11.27% from the first budget which is IDR 4,487,619,314. Total budget cost after analysis is IDR 3,981,797,252. Those amount is caused by several better alternatives which are Plywood Formwork + Scaffolding Work, Doors and Windows from Bengkirai Wood, Floor Finishing with Teakwood Perhutani, Wall Installation with Lightweight Concrete Thickness 10 cm, Wall Finishing with Paint Wash, Bathtub Installation with Ceramax White, Transfer Water Pump with LEO, Roof Tile Installation with Concrete Roof Tile Ex MI, AC Installation with Daikin Non Inverter, and Drop Ceiling with Bengkirai Wood
Risk Management in the Development and Operation of TPS 3R in Panjer Urban Village, Denpasar
Full text linkThe rapid urbanization in Denpasar City has intensified the challenges of municipal solid waste management, especially after the closure of the Suwung Final Disposal Site due to overcapacity. In response, the local government initiated the development of 3R-based Waste Processing Facilities (TPS 3R) at the community level, including the facility in Panjer Urban Village. However, the implementation of this community-based infrastructure project faces significant risks, ranging from technical and operational issues to social resistance.This study aims to analyze the risk management process in the development and operation of the TPS 3R Panjer, focusing on risk identification, assessment, classification, mitigation planning, and risk ownership allocation. The research employed a semi-quantitative descriptive method with a case study approach, supported by primary data from questionnaires and expert interviews. A total of 58 validated risks were assessed using a risk matrix adapted from Godfrey, combining frequency and consequence scores based on Likert scales.The results show that 67% of the identified risks fall into the "Unacceptable" and "Undesirable" categories. These risks are primarily related to community rejection, lack of technical capacity, and poor coordination. Risk mitigation strategies were formulated, and responsibilities were assigned among key stakeholders including the Public Works Department, Urban Village Office, Traditional Village leaders, Field Facilitator Team (FFT), and Community-Based Organization (CBO). The findings emphasize the importance of participatory planning, technical readiness, and structured risk control to minimize delays and cost overruns in TPS 3R implementation
Structural Forces of Themes: A Comparative Analysis of Federico Garcia Lorca's Selected Plays
Full text linkThis study explores the role of structural forces in shaping the themes of honor, virtue and tragic fate in Federico Garcia Lorca's selected plays: Bodas de Sangre "Blood Wedding" (2014) and La Casa de Bernarda Alb "The House of Bernarda Alba" (1999).
Utilizing structuralism, the analysis investigates how the societal expectations, familial constraints, and rigid social roles are inherent in both plays, which drive the characters' actions and lead to their inevitable downfall. This study argues that these forces impose a set of values, honor and virtue which limit individual desires, particularly for the women, forcing them to sacrifice personal fulfillment in favor of preserving family reputation and adhering to social norms. Furthermore, the concept of tragic fate is examined as an inescapable consequence of these structural constrains, with the characters unable to escape their predetermined roles within the family and society. Through examining Lorca's use of structural elements, the study reveals how they underscore the themes of fatalism, highlighting the connection between societal oppression and personal destiny. Finally, this study compares how both of the selected plays present the themes of honor, virtue and tragic fate as inextricably linked to the structural forces that govern the characters' lives and contribute to their tragic endings. This study concludes that the social rules and family duties control on what the characters do, and causing their tragic endings. Also, these rules limit personal wishes, especially for female, and forcing them to give up their happiness to protect family honor and values
Language and Power: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Political Speeches in English
Full text linkThis study explores the intersection of language and power through a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of Donald Trump's "America First" Inaugural Address. By applying Norman Fairclough's three-dimensional model of CDA, the research examines how Trump's rhetoric constructs and reinforces political ideologies, mobilizes public sentiment, and legitimizes power structures. The analysis focuses on the ways in which Trump's language frames social issues, assigns blame to political elites, and promises restoration of national pride and prosperity. The findings reveal that Trump's speech employs a populist discourse that strategically invokes economic and cultural anxieties to consolidate power and authority. This study contributes to the broader understanding of how political discourse functions to shape public perception and influence socio-political dynamics in contemporary contexts