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Collaborative Practices Between ENL and Content-Area Teachers
Get PDFEffective and intentional collaboration between ENL and content-area teachers is critical to support multilingual learners in language and content acquisition. Integrated co-teaching is an instructional model that is intended to meet both academic and language goals through the collaboration of the content and linguistic specialists. The success of this model is limited by lack of role expectations, inequitable responsibilities, and not enough time for co-planning. This project explores how co-teaching partnerships can improve to more effectively support ENL students. The literature is grounded in the sociocultural theory, multiliteracies theory, and culturally responsive pedagogy, and shows that co-teaching is most effective when teachers collaborate to develop and implement instruction that incorporates both content and learning objectives. In responses to these findings, a professional development session was developed where co-teachers across grades K-12 at the Riverbend School District engaged in rotating stations that explore different co-teaching models and collaboration strategies. Recommendations for further research include assessing student response to different co-teaching models and evaluating how school districts implement co-planning time and how this impacts collaboration between teachers. Furthermore, co-teachers should be provided with various professional development opportunities that consider each model from an instructional perspective and student perspective, and districts should consider how they can provide teachers with sustained co-planning time for optimal collaboration.SUNY BrockportDepartment of Education and Human Developmen
Prenatal exposure to environmental phenolic compounds and their association with childhood atopic dermatitis, asthma, and allergic rhinitis in the ECHO cohort.
Get PDFPhenolic compounds may be harmful to the developing fetus, but many have not been studied in-depth for adverse childhood allergic and respiratory health effects. We hypothesized that higher levels of phenolic compounds in prenatal spot urine would be associated with greater odds of childhood atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and asthma, and that child sex may modify these associations. 3198 mother-child paired cases were enrolled from 16 cohorts in the U.S. ECHO consortium. Fifteen phenols (e.g. benzophenones, parabens, bisphenols, triclosans) were measured from mother's urine during pregnancy using a multi-class chemical panel. Childhood outcomes included parent-reported atopic dermatitis (1466 mother-child pairs) between ages 0-3 years, and allergic rhinitis (901 mother-child pairs) and asthma (1662 mother-child pairs) between ages 5-9 years. Prenatal parabens were associated with increased odds of atopic dermatitis (odds ratio (OR) 1.13, 95 % confidence intervals (CI) 1.02, 1.26). Benzophenones were associated with lower odds of asthma (OR 0.77, CI 0.66, 0.90). Compared to boys, girls demonstrated higher odds of parabens (1.21, CI 1.04, 1.42), benzophenones (1.18, CI 1.00, 1.38) and bisphenol S (1.21, CI 1.03, 1.43) being associated with atopic dermatitis, and of the benzophenones (1.46, CI 1.11, 1.93) being associated with allergic rhinitis. An association of benzophenones (0.66, CI 0.53, 0.83) with lower odds of asthma was stronger among boys. These findings suggest that prenatal paraben and other phenol exposures may adversely affect early-life allergic and respiratory outcomes, with sex-specific vulnerability. Novel, multi-modality approaches to reduce maternal phenol exposure during pregnancy are urgently needed to protect children's health.VoRSUNY DownstateEnvironmental and Occupational Health Science
Teaching Derivatives Using the Rule of Four
Get PDFMany students struggle with learning the concept of derivatives at the secondary-tertiary level. To help students conceptualize derivatives, teachers can use the rule of four, which states that mathematics should be presented numerically, graphically, algebraically, and verbally. Each of these representations allows students to understand better the complex content being taught. This curriculum project presents four sequential Calculus lessons introducing derivatives. These lessons integrate each of the representations in the rule of four. Answer keys for all student materials are provided in the appendix.SUNY BrockportDepartment of Education and Human Developmen
Soundscape Comparisons of Whip-poor-will and Associates across Barrens Ecosystems
Get PDFAcoustic monitoring is a non-invasive approach to surveying wildlife species. Mist netting and point count sampling are logistically and economically challenging for many researchers, especially those focused on nocturnal species. Over the last fifty years, Eastern Whip-Poor-Wills (Antrostomus vociferus) have been declining and are listed as nearly threatened. Recent studies have found that a robust population inhabiting the Altona Flat Rock sandstone barrens during their breeding season. Sandstone pavement barrens are an open canopy jack pine (Pinus banksiana)-dominated forest with dense understory shrubs and a minimal soil layer. The goal of this survey was to better understand the diel and seasonal phenology of calling duration during Whip-Poor-Will breeding season and compare avifaunal communities at two sites. In summer 2025, we deployed 10 autonomous recording devices (ARUs) across the Altona Flat Rock and Gadway pine barrens in Clinton County, New York. ARUs were set to continuously record audio from 7pm-9am daily from late May until early July. Sound recordings were analyzed using BirdNet Analyzer algorithms to identify species with a high level of confidence. Peak whip-poor-will calling occurred during June during breeding season at both Altona and Gadway barrens and diel activity peaked at 9pm and between 3-4am. Avifauna communities both experienced Whip-Poor-Wills and Common Nighthawks calling for the longest duration. At the Altona Flat Rock, Black-and-White Warbler (Mniotilta varia), Least Flycatcher (Empidonax minimus), and Scarlet Tanager (Piranga olivacea) vocalized for long durations, while at Gadway Cedar Waxwing (Bombycilla cedrorum), Eastern Towhee (Pipilo erythrophthalmus), Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus), Nashville Warbler (Leiothlypis ruficapilla), and White-throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis) were prolific callers. These barrens appear to be ideal habitat for breeding Whip-Poor-Wills as they contain both forested nesting and open areas for feeding. Both the Scarlet Tanager and Red-Eyed Vireo require mature forest for breeding and the Eastern Kingbird requires access to water which explains their presence along the mature forest edge in Altona. Gadway’s avifauna are less associated with mature forest canopy, instead requiring access to dense understory for nesting. Some species, such as the Nashville Warbler and White-Throated Sparrow, are associated with disturbed areas damaged by fire, ice, and wind, which creates dense understory within an open forest matrix. This study is among the first to document significant calling at the Gadway pine barrens which suggests it may be just as important breeding grounds for Whip-Poor-Wills as the Altona Flat Rock. Additionally, we offer a better timeline for targeted mark-recapture studies in the future and provide a detailed snapshot of biodiversity found inhabiting these rare sandstone pavement barrens habitats which could strengthen their protections.SUNY PlattsburghCenter for Earth & Environmental Scienc
Non-Analog Behaviour of Eastern African Herbivore Communities During the Last Glacial Period
Get PDFThis is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: O'Brien, K., Ashioya, L. and Faith, J.T. (2025), Non-Analog Behaviour of Eastern African Herbivore Communities During the Last Glacial Period. Ecology Letters, 28: e70041. , which has been published in final form at [https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.70041]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.Modern African ungulates navigate seasonal variation in resource availability through diet-switching (primarily mixed-feeders) and/or migrating (primarily grass grazers). These ecological generalizations are well-documented today, but the extent to which they apply to the non-analog ecosystems of the Pleistocene are unclear. Drawing from serially-sampled stable isotope measurements from 18 Kenyan large herbivore species from the Last Glacial Period (LGP), we evaluate how diet, diet-switching, and migration compare to observations from present-day settings. We find a higher grazing signal in most LGP species and a greater magnitude of diet-switching than in the present. Additionally, we find that the relationships between grass intake, migration, diet-switching, and body size during the LGP were unlike those observed today. This establishes a revised paleoecology of LGP herbivore communities and highlights that LGP herbivores were behaviorally non-analog. Our results imply that ecological observations from present-day settings offer an incomplete perspective of herbivore-environment interactions.AMSUNY OneontaAnthropologyN/
Engineering Generalized Protein-Based Biosensors for Molecular Detection and Clinical Applications
No full textProtein-based conformational switches serve as powerful tools for the construction of biosensors and for the control of cellular processes. These proteins feature a binding domain that recognizes a specific analyte and is coupled to an output domain in such a way that the binding event causes the output domain to provide an observable signal. These signals can either be turn-on of fluorescence, luminescence, or enzymatic activity or consist of the sensor changing its color. A challenge in constructing these protein switches is finding binding domains capable of relaying a ligand binding event to the conformational change of an output domain. Generalized binding domains can address these challenges by providing a scaffold that can easily be modified to detect a different ligand. These generalized binding domains are small proteins with modifiable residues that can be selected to bind a ligand of choice, usually through phage display and similar selection techniques. Here, we present two approaches to make generalized protein switches. In the first approach, antibody mimetics nanobodies and monobodies are inserted in fluorescent proteins such that binding of their ligand causes an increase in fluorescence. This technique, named adaptable turn-on maturation (ATOM), was used to develop biosensors for WD-40 repeat protein 5 (WDR5), c-Abl src homology 2 (SH2) domain, hRas, postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95), gephyrin, HOMER1, and mCherry for use in mammalian cells. ATOM is, therefore, compatible with a variety of ligands due to its input domain being a generalized binding domain. Additionally, the ATOM mechanism can be used to convert many fluorescent proteins into biosensors. For demonstration, we made biosensors from Clover, mTurqoise, mTagRFP-t, mStayGold, mBaoJin, and GCaMP6s. In the second approach, we develop a luminescent protein switch from the enzyme nanoluciferase (nLucAFF) that switches color from green to blue upon DNA binding. We show that DNA-based devices can then be used to detect various ligands and relay that event to nLucAFF, which provides an output easily quantifiable by a cell phone. The nLucAFF protein was used to detect DNA sequences amplified from cytomegalovirus (CMV), dengue, and nCoV. Additionally, aptamers binding to serotonin and aptamers were used to detect these molecules by directing the nLucAFF color change. The initial version of nLucAFF was slow, dim, and had low sensitivity. These drawbacks were resolved in the next version, nLucAFF2, to achieve turn-on within 5 minutes and detect ligands down to 40 pM with a cell phone camera. The last chapter combines two ligand-binding domains to activate a small cytotoxic RNase, barnase, and paves the way for the development of multi-input protein switches that can potentially be generalized ligand-binding domains.NAUpstate Medical UniversityBiochemistry & Molecular BiologyPhDLoh, Stewar
Smoking History Intensity and Permanent Tooth Removal: Findings from a National United States Sample
No full textThe role of smoking in the development of periodontal disease has been well explored. However, this study aims to explore the relationship between intensity of smoking history and permanent tooth removal. We utilized the 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), a nationally representative sample of 107,859 US adults, to explore this association. Smoking history intensity was a BRFSS-derived measure of pack-year smoking history. Permanent tooth removal was binarized as the presence or absence of a history of permanent tooth removal. A binary logistic regression was conducted to analyze this association after adjusting for a variety of sociodemographic, health, and substance-use covariates. There was a dose-dependent relationship in which increasing smoking history intensity was associated with increased odds for removal of one or more permanent teeth. For example, those who reported a pack-year history of 30 or more years had a 6.4 times significantly higher odds of reporting a history of permanent tooth removal when compared to those with a 0 pack-year history (adjusted odds ratio = 6.37, 95% CI = 3.80–10.69, p < 0.001). These findings can be used to promote smoking reduction or cessation as a means of decreasing risk of permanent tooth removal due to tooth decay or gum disease.VoRUpstate Medical UniversityPublic Health and Preventive MedicineN/
Post-Pandemic Impacts on the Psychosocial and Academic Outcomes of University Students
No full textEvidence that the coronavirus shifted the overarching scope of academic delivery has been well documented through research and policy. However, it’s unclear how the pivot from in-person course delivery to fully online, flex, merged, and hybrid courses shaped student experience as we move forward to post-pandemic world. This experimental report attempts to examine the post-pandemic impacts on the psychosocial and academic experiences of university students through qualitative interviewing and thematic analysis. Results indicated a series of themes on reflection of COVID-19 student life. As it pertains to student and faculty responsibility, thematic analysis suggests mid-pandemic literature reflects an exacerbation of pre-existing academic and psychosocial issues. However, creative efforts to find homeostasis within the turbulence is unique to an on-campus environment. Some themes reflect previous data collected, but idiosyncrasies lay within this data that proves significant for both students and faculty.VoRSUNY OneontaSociology, Human Services, and Crime StudiesN/AFulkerson, Gregor
The influence of video prompting with embedded safety checks to teach child passenger safety restraint skills
Get PDFMotor vehicle collisions are among the leading causes of unintended injury-related deaths among children under the age of 14. The primary cause of these deaths is the improper use of child passenger safety restraints (CPSRs). Correctly installed CPSRs can decrease the risk of fatal injury by 45% to 95%. To date, no studies have used video prompting with embedded safety checks to teach correct CPSR installation and harnessing in the absence of researcher-delivered instruction and feedback. We used a concurrent multiple-baseline-across-participants design to evaluate the efficacy of a video-prompting procedure with embedded safety checks to teach four prospective parents and caregivers CPSR installation and harnessing skills. All participants learned to perform these skills, and these effects maintained for 4 weeks. Furthermore, this training improved all participants' performance of an untrained installation position, vehicle, and harnessing skill, and these effects were largely maintained for 4 weeks.VoRSUNY DownstateApplied Behavior AnalysisN/