Journals@Lincoln (Lincoln University)
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Landscape Architecture Studio in a Large, Complex and Remote Location: The Learning Experience of StudioMx
No full textStudio projects offer students opportunities to shape and test their design skills. These challenging projects require them to develop knowledge and skills to address increasingly complex situations, ultimately preparing them to be professionals with insightful, creative design strategies. In a studio project, fourth-year undergraduate students in landscape architecture at Utah State University had to structure and map their understanding of a large urban area in northern Mexico for possible planning and design interventions. The students worked on integrating urban systems at the metropolitan scale and illustrated their findings through mapped concepts in a studio called StudioMx. After reviewing a selection of studio methodologies and processes operating in a global context, this paper describes the structure of StudioMx. With the focus on large urban systems in an unfamiliar location, the studio project’s goal was to stress the need to frame analyses and design approaches in creative and abstract ways before investing efforts in a detailed design outcome. The learning objectives were to increase students’ awareness of the design thinking process and to explore creative ways of conveying design approache
Making sense of suburbia: a spatial history of a small rural town in New Zealand
No full textTheories of urban planning are often associated with particular movements such as Modernism and New Urbanism, or with key thinkers such as Jane Jacobs, or urban designers such as Kevin Lynch and Jan Gehl. However, much planning activity proceeds privately and at a small scale, or “street-by-street,” so to speak. Only upon later reflection do patterns or trends seem to emerge. This discussion tracks changes in urban planning thought and practice by close scrutiny of the largely unremarkable unit of urban planning practice: the suburban residential subdivision. Analysis and interpretation centres on the establishment in the mid-nineteenth century of a very small rural village in the South Island of New Zealand, and the growth that has occurred subsequently. Changes in town layout in plan or overhead view over time is a principal tool for analysis in this discussion accompanied by contextual or explanatory argumentation. It is concluded that both incrementalism and major shocks, or seismic shifts, serve to perpetuate rather than disrupt or significantly alter the standard urban planning typology of privately-owned single homes on land parcels of between 500-1000m2, or the stereotypical ‘quarter acre’ dream as it often referred to in New Zealand
Landscape Infrastructure in Sydney: Exemplars of Landscape Synergies and Capacity by Design
No full textThe landscape architecture undergraduate programme at the University ofTechnology Sydney introduced landscape infrastructure as a subject into itscurriculum in 2016. This subject contained two aims relating to the applicationof landscape infrastructure to an Australian context, extending beyond its NorthAmerican origins. First, it aimed to identify and test the principles of landscapeinfrastructure that could be ‘generalisable’ and that exist outside of site specificsor a particular context. Second, it sought novel instances of its application in theSydney region. Principles were distilled through an evaluation of relevant literature and were then tested through two exercises.The first required students to reimagine The GreenWay, a multifunctionallandscape corridor in Sydney’s Inner West and part of a proposed metropolitanwide Green Grid network. Students then applied the framework of landscape infrastructure through design proposals in one of Australia’s fastest-growing urban centres, Parramatta. The findings of this research distilled and clarified the definition of landscape infrastructure; demonstrated the inherent capacity of landscape to act as the conduit for multifunctional, flexible, localised and synergistic infrastructural systems; and highlighted its potential for application in an Australian context. This work supports landscape infrastructure’s position to move beyond the integration of infrastructure within landscape and instead proposes that landscape itself is infrastructural
Between Grey and Green: Ecological Resilience in Urban Landscapes
No full textThis paper analyses the city of Christchurch, New Zealand, which has been throughdramatic changes since it was struck by a series of earthquakes of different intensities between 2010 and 2011. The objective is to develop a deeper understanding of resilience by looking at changes in green and grey infrastructures. The study can be helpful to reveal a way of doing comparative analysis using resilience as a theoretical framework. In this way, it might be possible to assess the blueprint of future master plans by considering how important the interplay between green and grey infrastructure is for the resilience capacity of cities
Exploring the Connection between Landscape and Biopolitics: The Story of Freshkills Park
No full textConstructed on top of what was the world’s largest landfill at Fresh Kills on Staten Island, Freshkills Park is one of the most recent parks in New York, United States of America. The landfill has a history deeply enmeshed with the politics of New York City and this influenced the decision to create Freshkills Park and continues to shape the park itself. Faced with the unenviable task of constructing an enormous park on a landfill site, administrators are raising the profile of the park by linking it to several significant issues that impact the city including climate change, waste management, ecology loss and terrorism. These newer narratives augment traditional narratives of parks and, more importantly, draw into the spotlight the broader political context of parks.By examining the creation of Freshkills Park through the lens of Michel Foucault’s theories of power, biopolitics and governance, this paper argues that parks are a vehicle for biopolitics in an effort to manage the attitudes and behaviour of individuals for practices of self-discipline. Further, the new narratives associated with Freshkills Park also highlight how the park has become a vehicle to manage attitudes and behaviours relating to the vulnerability of the state. In that sense, parks in cities act as a spatial representation and enabler of biopolitical systems. The biopolitical systems evident in parks both shape and reflect the value that government and the broader population ascribe to parks. Consequently, landscape plays a much more significant role in political aspects of the city than has previously been recognised
An investigation into the use of visualisations in the Resource Consent Process
No full textThe use of Computer Aided Design (CAD) drawings or other static images (including photo-shop and simulations) to visualise potential future situations is common and powerful in planning processes. Its production, use and understanding in gaining planning permission in the New Zealand context is investigated through interviews with 13 architects and planners in Christchurch. The findings highlight the dilemma faced by planners in using visualisations and questions the drive for accuracy and realism in visualisations
