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Morphological and volatile profiles of<i> phlomis</i> russeliana and phlomis armeniaca from uluda'g, teirkiye
No full textThe medicinal and aromatic plant species naturally found in TOrkiye are particularly noteworthy. Among them, Phlomis L., a genus within the Lamiaceae family, stands out for its numerous species. This study, conducted in Uludag (Bursa), aimed to analyze the morphological traits, volatile components, ratios, and molecules present in the leaves and Samples were collected during their flowering period using a random sampling method. Their morphological characteristics were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS software, while the volatile components of the leaf and flower samples were identified through the HSSPME/GC-MS method. The morphological characteristics of Phlomis russeliana and P. armeniaca were examined in detail. The leaf widths and lengths, petiole lengths, number of flowers, petal lengths, sepal lengths were measured. 32 different components were identified in P. russeliana and 43 different components in P. armeniaca, summing up to 56 different components. The main components identified were caryophyllene (31.6%; 26.4%), (E)-I3-farnesene (19.6%; 25.2%), and germacrene-D (25.7%; 16.5%), respectively. Such studies are crucial for enhancing the protection and sustainable management of non-wood forest products, which significantly contribute to our country's economy and play a pivotal role, especially in rural economies
The role of personality traits in predicting educational use of generative ai in higher education
No full textGenerative Artificial Intelligence (Gen-AI) systems offer significant opportunities for personalized learning in higher education. Studying the effects of personality traits on the use of Gen-AI is crucial for understanding the role of individual differences in integrating this innovative technology into education. Therefore, this study investigated how the Big Five personality traits, age, and gender predict the educational use of Gen-AI in higher education. In this study, data were obtained from 1016 university students through an online survey. The data obtained using the Five Factor Personality and educational use scales were analyzed using linear regression. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) were employed to investigate more complex and non-linear relationships. Additionally, multiple linear regression and multigroup analysis were employed to investigate age and gender differences. Significant and positive relationships were found between openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, and the educational use of Gen-AI. However, neuroticism showed a negative association, while agreeableness did not demonstrate a significant association. The ANN model showed that openness was the strongest predictor. The results indicated that the effect of certain personality traits on Gen-AI use differed significantly between men and women. These findings significantly advance our understanding of the relationship between personality traits and the use of Gen-AI in higher education
Islamic legal studies and understanding of law in Afghanistan among the gurlus-mauris (M.1157-1858)
No full textAfganistan coğrafyasının Müslümanlar tarafından fethedilmesinden sonra bölge halkı İslam dinini kabul etmiş ve daha önceden var olan hukukun yerini İslam hukuku almıştır. İlim tahsili ve bölgedeki hukukî ihtiyaçları çözmek için Kûfe’ye ve Ebû Hanife’nin ilim halkasına giden Afgan öğrenciler, Ebû Hanife’nin görüşlerini ve Kûfe’de elde ettikleri fıkhî birikimleri Afganistan’a taşımıştır. Böylece Hanefî fıkhı Afganistan’da yayılmaya başlamıştır. Daha sonra bu fıkhî gelenek, her bölgenin kültür ve tecrübeleri ile zenginleşip o bölgenin şartlarına göre farklı şekillerde gelişmiş ve fakihlerin bulundukları coğrafyaya nispetle Belh ekolü ve Buhara ekolü gibi mezhep içi alt ekoller meydana gelmiştir. Afganistan topraklarında kurulan devletlerin Hanefî mezhebini esas almasıyla da Hanefîlik halk tabanında kabul görmüştür. Bu süre zarfında Afganistan’da fıkıh alanında önemli birçok fakih yetişmiştir. Özellikle “Daru’lfıkıh” ismiyle anılan Belh şehrinin ilmî ve İslam kültürü açısından önemi büyüktür. Bu şehirde ilim merkezleri kurulmuş ve İslam fıkhı diğer beldelere buradan intikal etmiştir. Belh fukahası, Hanefî mezhebinin temel ilkelerine bağlı kalsalar da Belh’in kültürel ve coğrafi şartlarını dikkate alarak bazı hususlarda mezhebin hâkim görüşünden farklı görüşler ortaya koymuşlardır. Bölgede birçok farklı mezhep var olmuşsa da en yaygın olanı Hanefî mezhebi olmuş ve Belh fıkıh ekolü, Sünnî Hanefî çizgi üzere asırlarca devam etmiştir.Afghanistan was conquered by the Muslim Arabs, the reliğion of Islam was accepted in the region and the previous law was replaced by Islamic law. Students who went to Abu Hanifa's scientific circle to study in Kufa began to spread Abu Hanifa’s views and the fiqh knowledge they had acquired in Kûfe in Afghanistan. Thus, the Iraqi Hanafi fiqh was transferred to Afghanistan. This fiqh tradition is enriched with the culture and problems of each region and develops in different ways according to the conditions of that region, and sub-schools such as “Belh school” or (meşâyih-u Belh) begin to form compared to the regions where the jurists are located. Since the states established in Afghanistan are based on Hanafism, Hanafism is also adopted by the people. Thus, important developments took place in the science of fiqh in Afghanistan and many fiqh scholars were trained, especially the city of Belh, which is known as “Daru’l-fiqh”, has a great scientific importance in Islamic culture. Science centers were established here, and Islamic fiqh was transferred to other cities from here. Although the scholars of Balkh adhered to the rules of the Hanafi sect, they expressed different views from the Hanafis on some issues, taking into account the cultural and geographical conditions of Belh. Although different sects found the opportunity to live in the region, the most common one was the Hanafi school, and the Balkh school of fiqh remained stable like the Sunni-Hanefî
Green energy's sweet surprise: Unraveling the hidden links between wind farms and honey production
No full textAs global energy demand grows, wind power has emerged as a key component of green energy innovation. However, concerns have been raised about its potential ecological impacts, particularly on pollinators such as bees. Unlike previous studies, which have mainly focused on wind farms and bee behavior, this study uses data from six provinces in the Aegean region of Turkiye to examine, for the first time, the relationship between wind farms and agricultural productivity, specifically honey production. By combining different explanatory variables and evaluating the potential positive or negative effects of wind farm proximity on beekeeping, this study uses a Gaussian treatment effects model to assess how site selection affects honey production. The analysis is further supported by additional t-tests (mean differences) comparing actual honey yields from areas near wind farms with hypothetical yields from non-wind farm areas. The results show that, even after controlling for various reliability tests and site-specific variables, beekeepers near wind farms consistently produce significantly more honey than those in non-wind farm areas. These higher honey yields in areas adjacent to wind farms highlight the potential for renewable energy initiatives to coexist harmoniously with farming communities. Rather than seeing these two industries as competitors, this synergy invites exploration of potential partnerships that can enhance both economic and environmental benefits. Promoting bee-friendly flora in wind farm projects is a tangible way to enhance the environmental and economic benefits of industries such as beekeeping
Micro and nanoplastic exposure in drosophila: Bioinformatics and genetic insights into neurotoxicity
No full textThe effect of Web 2.0 tools on students' self-learning levels and attitudes in life sciences course
No full textBu araştırmanın amacı ilkokul Hayat Bilgisi dersi kapsamında yer alan "Güvenli Hayat" ünitesinin Web 2.0 tabanlı dijital araçlar aracılığıyla öğretilmesinin öğrencilerin teknoloji destekli kendi kendine öğrenme düzeyleri ile derse yönelik tutumları üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. Çalışma nicel araştırma yaklaşımlarından deneysel desen çerçevesinde gerçekleştirilmiş olup veri toplama aracı olarak öğrencilerin kendi kendine öğrenme becerilerini ölçen anketler ile Hayat Bilgisi dersine yönelik tutum ölçekleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sürecinde deney grubuna Web 2.0 araçları (Kahoot!, EBA, Wordwall) ile desteklenmiş öğretim etkinlikleri uygulanmış, kontrol grubuna ise mevcut öğretim programındaki yöntemlerle aynı ünite sunulmuştur. Elde edilen bulgular Web 2.0 araçlarının kullanıldığı öğretim sürecinin öğrencilerin öğrenme sürecine daha etkin katılım göstermelerine olanak sağladığını ve bu katılımın kendi kendine öğrenme becerilerinde anlamlı bir artışla sonuçlandığını ortaya koymuştur. Öğrencilerin Hayat Bilgisi dersine yönelik tutumlarında da olumlu yönde değişim gözlemlenmiş olmakla birlikte, bu değişim istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Sonuç olarak Web 2.0 teknolojilerinin öğrencilerin bireysel öğrenme sorumluluğunu geliştirmede ve öğrenme sürecine aktif katılımını teşvik etmede etkili bir araç olduğu görülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda ilkokul düzeyindeki öğretim programlarında Web 2.0 temelli öğretim uygulamalarının yaygınlaştırılması ve dijital pedagojik yaklaşımların eğitim süreçlerine daha fazla entegre edilmesi önerilmektedir.The primary aim of this study is to examine the impact of teaching the "Safe Life" unit, which is included in the Life Sciences curriculum at the primary school level, through the use of Web 2.0-based digital tools on students' self-directed learning levels supported by technology, as well as their attitudes towards the course. This research was conducted using a quantitative experimental design. Data were collected through self-directed learning skills questionnaires and attitude scales specifically developed for the Life Sciences course. During the study, the experimental group received instruction enriched with various Web 2.0 tools—such as interactive online applications, digital presentation tools, and collaborative learning platforms—while the control group was taught the same unit using traditional instructional methods. Findings revealed that the integration of Web 2.0 tools significantly enhanced students' active engagement in the learning process and contributed meaningfully to the development of their self-directed learning skills. Although a positive shift was observed in students’ attitudes towards the Life Sciences course, this change was not found to be statistically significant. In conclusion, the use of Web 2.0 technologies appears to be an effective means of promoting active participation and fostering individual learning responsibility among primary school students. In line with these findings, it is recommended that Web 2.0-based instructional practices be more widely integrated into primary education curricula and that digital pedagogical approaches be adopted more extensively in educational settings
Computational analysis of benzenoid systems using valency-based entropy metrics and topological indices
No full textNanomaterials find application in electronics, drugs, and biology among other disciplines. Benzenoid systems with their homogeneous structures are especially fit for computer study because of their predictable geometries. This work investigates computational analysis of benzenoid systems using valency-based entropy measurements and degree-based topological indices. Knowing these indices helps one to anticipate the reactivity and stability of related compounds. The main focus of the work is on the thermodynamic parameter entropy, which reveals how one can modify the benzenoid hydrocarbon structures to improve their thermodynamic characteristics. In this work, topological indices combined with entropy measurements facilitates prediction and enhancement of benzenoid system physicochemical features. This helps one to grasp their possible applications in nanotechnology and medicine
Estimation the present and future geographical distribution of the Ephedra major Host (seagrape) species according to climate change scenarios using the MaxEnt model
No full textİklim değişikliği biyolojik çeşitliliği ve türlerin coğrafi dağılımını olumsuz yönde etkileyerek bazı türlerin yok olma tehlikesini artırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada içerdiği efedrin ve pseudoefedrin alkoloidlerinden dolayı tıbbi olarak kullanılma potansiyeli olan Ephedra major Host türünün iklim değişikliği senaryolarına göre günümüz ve gelecekteki coğrafik dağılımının MaxEnt modellenmesi ile tahmin edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ephedra major’ün günümüzdeki potansiyel yayılış alanını alanı tahmin edebilmek için WorldClim veri tabanındaki 19 biyoiklim verisi kullanılmıştır. Modele başlamadan önce türün varlık verileri ile Biyoiklimsel veriler QGIS ortamında çakıştırılmış ve SPSS’de yapılan korelasyon analizine göre biyoiklim verilerinden BIO2, BIO3, BIO8, BIO9, BIO15 ve BIO19 kullanılmasına karar verilmiştir. Türün dağılımında yüksek oranda önemi olan biyoiklim verilerini tespit etmek için Jackknife testi uygulanmıştır. İklim değişim modeli olarak 6. IPCC raporuna göre oluşturulmuş IPSL-CM6A-LR iklim değişim modelinin SSP2 4.5 ve SSP5 8.5 senaryoları kullanılmıştır. Türün günümüz ve gelecekteki yayılış alanları arasındaki alansal ve konumsal farklar ortaya konulmuştur. Modelleme sonucuna göre günümüzde uygun ve çok uygun olan alanlar 305861.256 km2 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Türün yayılışının yıllara göre giderek azalacağı, SSP2 4.5 senaryosuna göre 2100 yılında 248817,077 km2 ye, SSP5 8.5 senaryosuna göre 114917,52 km2 ’ye düşeceği yani günümüz koşullarına göre yaklaşık % 37 oranında azalacağı ve yayılış alanının Trakya, Marmara, kısmen İç Anadoludan, Kuzey ve Kuzey doğu Anadoluya doğru kayacağı tahmin edilmektedir.Climate change negatively affects biodiversity and geographical distribution of species, increasing the risk of extinction for some species. This study aims to estimate the current and future geographical distribution of the Ephedra major Host species, which has the potential for medical use due to the ephedrine and pseudoephedrine alkaloids it contains, using MaxEnt modeling according to climate change scenarios. In order to estimate the current potential distribution area of Ephedra major, 19 bioclimatic data from the WorldClim database were used. Before starting the model, the species' presence data and bioclimatic data were overlaid in the QGIS environment and according to the correlation analysis performed in SPSS, it was decided to use BIO2, BIO3, BIO8, BIO9, BIO15 and BIO19 from the bioclimatic data. Jackknife test was applied to determine the bioclimatic data that are highly important in the distribution of the species. SSP2 4.5 and SSP5 8.5 scenarios of the IPSL-CM6A-LR climate change model created according to the 6th IPCC report were used as the climate change model. The areal and positional differences between the current and future distribution areas of the species have been revealed. According to the modeling results, the current suitable and very suitable areas are calculated as 305861.256 km2 . It is estimated that the distribution areas of the species will gradually decrease over the years, according to the SSP2 4.5 scenario it will decrease to 248817.077 km2 in 2100, and according to the SSP5 8.5 scenario it will decrease to 114917.52 km2 in 2100, that is, it will decrease by approximately 37% compared to today's conditions and it will shift from its current distribution areas of Thrace, Marmara and partly Central Anatolia to North and Northeastern Anatolia
A computational study of visual complexity in architecture, focusing on the Sehzade Mosque, Suleymaniye Mosque, and Selimiye Mosque.
No full textPurpose: The study aims to (i) examine the characteristics of Sinan's architecture and the & Scedil;ehzade, S & uuml;leymaniye, and Selimiye mosques in light of insights from historians and researchers, (ii) conduct three-layered fractal analyses of the facades of these works and provide mathematical definitions, and (iii) ultimately, compare numerical analyses within the context of conceptual discussions on Sinan's architecture in terms of periodical differences. Theory and Methods: Within the scope of the research, a study was conducted on three mosques designed by Sinan using the fractal analysis method, a computational analysis technique. This study compared and examined the information that architectural historians and theorists have established about Sinan through quantitative methods. Results: When the three frequently studied masterpieces of Sinan are examined through shape grammar and fractal analysis methods, it is observed how his design philosophy simplified and evolved over time. It has been determined that with each new structure, he added innovations, thereby enhancing his knowledge base. Furthermore, it has been identified that the patrons of Sinan's works had significant influences on the visual complexity and the formal and spatial configurations of the structures. Conclusion: The use of fractal dimension in the architectural context emerges as an extremely effective tool for deeply analyzing the transformation and development processes of architectural constructs, from largescale planning to detailed design. In this study, the fractal dimension was employed to meticulously examine the evolutionary changes and inter-structural relationships in the works of Mimar Sinan. The intuitive and cognitive architectural theoretical knowledge has been supported with quantitative data. This integration has bridged various disciplines such as architectural design, architectural history, and mathematics, adding new perspectives to architectural criticism and debates
Matching some graph dimensions with special generating functions
No full textIn this work, we investigated the relationship between special generating functions, such as array polynomials and graph dimensions, including metric, multiset, outer multiset, and local multiset dimensions, using minimal monoid presentations. The present paper is founded on earlier contributions and we are concerned with resolving the matching issue. In this context, our focus is on the matching between graph dimensions and generator functions, a subject that has not been examined and is alluded to in Open problem 3 in the paper by A. S. Cevik [Matching some graph dimensions with special presentations, Montes Taurus J. Pure Appl. Math., 6 (2024), 78-89]. As part of this effort, we address the characterization of graphs with infinite multiset dimensions and provide a partial classification based on outer multiset, local multiset, and metric dimensions