MedERA (E-Journal)
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Awareness of Vitamin D among General Population
No full textObjective: To assess awareness about Vitamin D in general population.
Study design: Cross sectional study Place and duration of study: The Study was conducted at the Out-Patient Department of Combined Military Hospital, Lahore from January 2016-July 2016.
Methods: Two hundred people from Combined Military Hospital Out-Patient of different departments Medicine, Surgery, ophthalmology and ENT) participated in the study. The questionnaire consisted of demographic information, awareness of Vitamin D, its sources, its beneficial effects, how Vitamin D effects different diseases. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 20. Chi-square test of significance was used to find the significance of association between independent variables with response variables. P-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Results from our research have shown that 78% of the participants had heard of Vitamin D and 60% of participants knew about its sources. Only 29% of people knew about the most beneficial exposure time for Vitamin D. The association of age and education status with knowledge of the source of Vitamin D was significant (p=0.001). The association between knowledge about Vitamin D and manifestation of rickets as its deficiency was also significant (p=0.002). However no statistically significant association was found between gender and knowledge about sources of Vitamin D.
Conclusion: Results acquired have shown that although most of the people knew about Vitamin D and its sources like, still a significant proportion were unaware about it and its various sources like egg, fish oil and grains. Also, majority did not know about optimum sunlight exposure time for Vitamin D. Considering the importance of Vitamin D for human body, more awareness through health education is needed. Vitamin D deficiency is cause of many debilitating conditions which can be prevented simply by spreading awareness among people
Nanotechnology in Medicine
No full textNanotechnology is the science that employs the use of materials that have at least one dimension of nanometric (109) scale. Nanomedicine can be defined as the application of nanotechnology for health. It takes the advantage of improved and novel chemical, physical and biological properties of the nanometric materials. The main areas of application of nanomedicine are pharmaceuticals, diagnostics and regenerative medicine
Evaluation of Hospital Management System at combined Military Hospital Lahore
No full textObjective: To evaluate HMS in terms of user satisfaction, time management, data retrieval, record keeping, confidentiality in terms of medical records and comparison of user preference according to job description.
Study Design: Cross sectional study.
Place of Study: Combined Military Hospital Lahore, from 1" Dec to 31" March 2018.
Methodology: All doctors and hospital personnel using HMS for more than 6 months in CMH Lahore were included by means of nonprobability convenient sampling. The total sample size was of 200 participants. Questionnaire was filled regarding user satisfaction, time management, data retrieval, record keeping, confidentiality in terms of medical records and comparison of user preference according to job description and results were analyzed using SPSS 20.
Results: Out of a total of 200 participants, 58 (29%) were satisfied while 142 (71%) were dissatisfied with HMS mostly due to system hang-ups (34.5%) which were observed while using this software. Out of the total respondents, 133 (66.5%) participants believed it increased time spent per patient mostly due to too much information being present on patient encounter form (28%), and 66 (33%) participants were wary of its confidentiality. 142 (71%) participants believed that manual records needed to be kept alongside HMS. However, 141 (70.5%) thought it is an efficient tool for data retrieval, and 156 (78%) believed it to be reliable software.
Conclusion: Most personnel- young and old-were largely dissatisfied with HMS, even though it is believed to be reliable and an efficient tool for data retrieval. Many would still keep manual records and were wary of its confidentiality
Association of Quality of Life with Depression in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain
Get PDFObjective: The objectives of this study were to evaluate prevalence of depression and extent of disbility among patients with chronic Low Back Pain and to observe the association between the quality of life and depression in these patients.
Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study. A convenient sampling technique was used for data collection. One hundred and seventy eight patients suffering from chronic low back pain were selected from study population. Data was collected using two questionnaires. For assessing depression, Beck's depression scale was used and for measuring Quality of Life , the Oswestry Disability index was used. SPSS 20 was used for data analysis. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant and qualitative variables were presented as frequencies and percentages.
Results: Seventy-one percent of the patients belonged to female gender. 53.9 % of the LBP patients had moderate disability while 20.8% had severe disability and 2.2% were belonging to the crippled category as measured on Oswestry inventory. The Beck's depression scale revealed that 43.3% of the patients suffered from mild mood disturbance, 10.7% had borderline clinical depression , 13.5% and 1.1% patients suffered from moderate and severe depression respectively. Cross tabulation was done between the Oswestry inventory and beck's depression scale. A significant association (p value =0.001) was revealed between quality of life and depression in LBPpatients.
Conclusion: Majority of the chronic Lower Back Pain patients suffered from moderate levels of disability and mild mood disturbances while a significant association was found between quality of life and depression in these patients highlighting the need for better pain management and follow up to mitigate these negative impacts of chronic lower back pain
A Case Report on Pancoast Tumor
Get PDFTo present and discuss a case of Pancoast Tumor: an apical lung neoplasm, and subsequentlyhighlight the clinical importance of chronic and progressive complaints, pertaining to this pathology,in helping to detect it and form an early diagnosis.Case: A 55-year-old non-smoker male patient, with a known case of gout and uncontrolled diabetesmellitus, presented to emergency with complaints of severe right-sided pain in the chest, subscapularand axillary regions. His electrocardiogram (ECG) and cardiac enzyme came out to be normal. ChestX-ray showed an opacity in the apex of the right lung. On contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CECT), there were enhancing multi-focal lesions in the apical segment of the right lung making adiagnosis of Pancoast tumor.Even though, it may be missed in the early stages as the tumor cannot be seen on imaging investigationsand biopsy is more specific at this time, imaging studies do play a substantial role in diagnosing thistumor. Due to the challenges in diagnosing this rare type of lung neoplasm, it is usually diagnosedwhen it has locally invaded.Conclusion: Awareness regarding clinically important warning signs of Pancoast tumors such aschronic and progressive neck and shoulder pain can help healthcare professionals, most notably butnot exclusively, chiropractors, in prompt identification of these signs and symptoms, thus facilitatinga timely medical and/or surgical referral and an early diagnosis of this pathology. A thoroughexamination can assist in early diagnosis and lead to a subsequent decrease in mortality and animprovement in quality of life.Keywords: Pancoast syndrome, Neck pain, Lung neoplasms
Effects of Caffeinated Energy Drinks on Cerebellum of Male Albino Rats
No full textEnergy drinks are widely being used by different age groups especially by teenagers in Pakistan. Higher level of caffeine in energy drinks have harmful effects on histology of brain tissue. This study aims to determine the impact of oral administration of red bull on cerebellum of adult male albino rats. Red bull in dosage of 3.75 m/kg body weight was administered by oral gavage daily for 4 weeks to experimental group B followed by normal diet for next 4 weeks. Experimental group C was given 3.75 m/kg body weight of red bull for consecutive 8 weeks. The cerebellum was excised in each animal and weighted; fixed in formalin, stained with Haematoxyline and Eosin. Sections were observed for histological cytoarchitecture. Results were taken in forms of photomicrographs and analysed. Observations showed marked detachment of pia mater along with congestion, marked hypertrophy of molecular layer along with distortion of purkinje cells and shrinkage of granular layer in experimental group C. Changes were minimal to mild in experimental group B. Therefore, it is concluded that consumption of caffeinated energy drinks should be restricted to avoid their harmful effects on cerebellum leading to sleep disturbances and motor incoordination
A Rare Case of Congenital Transmesocolic Hernia in an Adult Patient causing Small Bowel Strangulation
No full textIn adults, a congenital transmesenteric hernia is a rare cause of obstruction of the small bowel. It should be considered in the differential diagnosis in adults presenting with intestinal obstruction without any obvious external hernia or trauma or past abdominal surgery. We present a 55-year-old woman who had severe upper abdominal pain. On laparotomy, a mesenteric defect in sigmoid mesocolon with herniated necrotic ileum was found. The gangrenous small bowel was resected and the defect in mesentery was repaired
Knowledge Assessment of Designing of Removable Partial Dentures
No full textObjectives: To assess the knowledge of designing removable partial dentures amongst graduates of last five years and to assess the association of experience with knowledge of designing removable partial dentures.
Study Design & Setting: A questionnaire based survey conducted in three dental colleges of Lahore.
Subjects & Methods: Graduates of the last 5 years were categorized in two groups according to their ages. They were asked to design a removable partial denture for a given Kennedy's class and knowledge about the design was assessed through questions. The experience of respondents was compared with their knowledge.
Results: In the age group of 21-25 years, approximately 73% subjects scored > 50%, whereas in the age group of 26-31 years, approximately 59% of the subjects scored>50%, 14% of general dental practitioners had fabricated only 5 RPDS. p value was <0.01.
Conclusion: Awareness about the designing of RPDs was unsatisfactory. Experience of designing RPDs had a positive correlation with knowledge
Visceral Damage in Blunt Abdominal Trauma and its Outcome in a Tertiary Care Hospital
No full textBackground: Blunt Abdominal Trauma (BAT) is the leading cause of fatalities in the young population and forces enormous expense on our health system. Because of the high incidence of trauma injury and its related mortality in developing nations, it is by all accounts important to consider epidemiology and extent of the harm brought about by blunt abdominal trauma and the extent of associated visceral injuries and their outcome. Methodology: The patients presenting with blunt abdominal trauma in the Emergency department of Services Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan were registered. The data for each patient was collected separately by a pre-designed questionnaire. The patients were then individually followed up for mode of management and extent of visceral damage and its outcome. The data was entered and analyzed by Statistical Package Software version 21. Results: A total of 117 patients came to the emergency department with blunt abdominal trauma. The age bracket most commonly encountered was 21-40 years and 83% of them were male. 20 % of these patients underwent laparotomy while the mortality rate was 2%. Organ damage was observed in 23(19%) of the cases . Amongst those with visceral damage, the most commonly injured organs were liver and spleen (36%), followed by gut perforation(29%), 6% each presented with urinary bladder rupture, mesenteric tears and biliary tract injuries. Conclusion: Blunt damage in the abdomen was observed more in men. The commonest cause of blunt abdominal trauma was a road traffic accident. Spleen and liver were the most frequently involved injured organs. The laparotomy rate was 20 % while the mortality rate was 2% owing to fatal intraabdominal bleeding
Emotional Intelligence and Resilience in Medical Students of CMH Lahore Medical College
No full textObjective: The main objective of the present study was exploration of predictive relationship of trait emotional intelligence and resilience.
Study design: Cross-sectional study.
Place of Study: CMH Lahore Medical College, Lahore.
Methodology: Participants were selected by simple random sampling technique. Informed consent was taken to meet ethical requirements. Two scales were administered, including adapted and translated Urdu version by Shahzad (2014) of Trait Emotional Intelligence Short Form (TEIQue-SF) 1, and Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) 2. Three hundred medical students (150 males & 150 females) were randomly selected from the first to final year of MBBS, consisting of 60 students (30 males & 30 females) from each year of MBBS.
Results: The results show significant predictive relationship between emotional intelligence and resilience by using the regression analysis (R2 = 255, F=102.46,p<.000).
Conclusion: The current research article reveals the predictive validity of emotional intelligence that it facilitates resilience in stressful life events