Jurnal Konstitusi
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Logika Hukum Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Terkait Uji Konstitusional Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris
Get PDFSettlement of the problem of testing the law in the Constitutional Court (constitutional review) is also needed to find out the logic of the law and its relationship. If two statements are displayed simultaneously it will give rise to what by logic is called “logic relationship.” In the settlement of the six cases of constitutional review of the law on the Position of Notary Public (Law No. 30 Year 2004) and its Amendments (Law No. 2 Year 2014) revealed the use of various kinds of legal logic in legal considerations (ratio decidendi) of the Court. This research is a legal research using normative approach. The results showed that: (i) Constitutional Court Decision No. 009-014/PUU-III/2005 uses the legal logic of “equivalence relations,” (ii) Constitutional Court Decision No. 52/PUU-VIII/2010 uses the legal logic of “independent relationship,” (iii) Constitutional Court Decision No. 49/PUU-X/2012 uses the legal logic of “contradictory relationship,” (iv) Constitutional Court Decision No. 72/PUU-XII/2014 uses the legal logic of “independent relationship,” (v) Constitutional Court Decision No. 43/PUU-XV/2017 uses the legal logic of “independent relationship,” and (vi) in Constitutional Court Decision No. 22/PUU-XVII/2019 uses the legal logic of “contradictory relationship.
Ratio Legis Penetapan Pembayar Pajak (Taxpayer) sebagai Kedudukan Hukum dalam Pengujian Undang-Undang oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi
Get PDFThe discourse regarding the determination of the taxpayer standing in judicial review is not a completely new issue to be analyzed. However, it still needs to be examined in the framework of exploring the legal ratio for determining taxpayer standing in judicial review by the Constitutional Court. The findings of this research are an inseparable part of legal research in doctoral degree regarding the dynamics of the Petitioner’s legal standing in judicial review by the Constitutional Court. This research specifically answers the following questions: (a) how is the taxpayer doctrine as a legal standing in judicial review? (b) What is the legal ratio for determining taxpayer standing in judicial review by the Constitutional Court? This is normative legal research, by analyzing secondary data in the form of statutory regulations, Constitutional Court decisions, and literature related to the doctrine of the taxpayer standing in judicial review. The results indicate that the legal ratio for determining taxpayer standing in a judicial review can be traced through the legal considerations of the Constitutional Court decisions in judicial review since 2003-2019
Pemilihan Umum Serentak yang Berintegritas sebagai Pembaruan Demokrasi Indonesia
Get PDFThe implementation of the General Election of the President and Vice President after the General Election of Members of the House of Representatives, the Regional Representatives Council, and the Regional People’s Legislative Assembly turned out to be unable to become a tool for transforming social change in the desired direction. The experience of these constitutional practices did not strengthen the governance system desired by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. That, through the Decision of the Constitutional Court General Elections are held simultaneously. However, there are weaknesses in the preparation of the policy for implementing general elections simultaneously. The decision of the Constitutional Court should be followed by an evidence-based policy making process with strong data and based on simulations of implementation. Therefore, the burden of organizing General Elections can be identified from the start and steps to minimize risk can be considered if things happen that are not desirable. Then what is equally important is that it needs to be evaluated on the issue of the integrity of the organizers or participants of the General Election, for example by tightening the recruitment system, so that it can create simultaneous elections with integrity in the futur
Dekonstruksi Kewenangan Investigatif dalam Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia yang Berat
Get PDFRelasi fungsi Komnas HAM sebagai penyelidik dan Jaksa Agung sebagai penyidik, menyisakan ruang pedebatan yang menyandera penyelesaian pelanggaran HAM yang berat. Bersamaan dengan itu Putusan MK No.75/PUU-XII/2015 yang menguji frasa “kurang lengkap..” Pasal 20 (3) UU Pengadilan HAM, menegaskan bahwa bolak balik berkas, merupakan implikasi dari masalah dalam penerapan norma dalam praktik. Sedangkan konsekuensi dari frasa tersebut menyasar pada lingkup pemeriksaan bukti dan peristiwa. Kajian ini berupaya mengurai praktik penyelidikan dan penyidikan pelanggaran HAM, dengan menganalisis relasi antara kedua kewenangan tersebut. Pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, menjadi lingkup analisis yang membantu untuk menjawab isu hukum. Kajian ini menemukan bahwa penggunaan frasa dan penafsirannya melahirkan friksi dalam penerapan norma. Untuk mengurai hal tersebut dilakukan dengan memetakan praktik dari bolak balik berkas. Perbedaan penafsiran ditemukan pada melebarnya hasil penyelidikan hingga penuntutan, yang berujung pada perbedaan klasifikasi jenis pidana. Temuan berupa ketidaksesuaian penerapan norma, merupakan konsekuensi dari praktik model hierarki dihadapkan pada otoritas kewenangan yang terpisah. Alhasil bentuk prosedur yang dipertanyakan, berkutat pada prosedur yang ada tanpa melihat karakter khusus dari situasi, peristiwa, kejahatan. Berlanjut dari itu anomali dalam praktik menjadikan penggunaan model hierarki dan model koordinasi dalam investigasi mengaburkan proses penyelesaian pelanggaran HAM yang berat. Berkaca pada proses di ICC terdapat beberapa hal yang bisa diambil untuk memperkaya wacana proses penyelesaian pelanggaran HAM yang berat.The relation between the functions investigation of the National Human Rights Commission and the Attorney General leaves a space for debate that holds hostage to completion of gross human rights violations. At the same time, the Constitutional Court Decision No. 75/PUU-XII/2015 which examines the phrase "incomplete..." Article 20 (3) of the Law on Human Rights Courts, emphasizes that back and forth files are the implications of problems in applying norms in practice. While the consequences of these phrases target the scope of proofs and event examinations. This study seeks to unravel the practice of investigating human rights violations by analyzing the relations between the two authorities. Legislative approaches, conceptual approaches, historical approaches are the scope of analysis which helps to address legal issues. This study found that the use of phrases and their interpretations gave birth to friction in the application of norms. To parse this, it is done by mapping the practice of back and forth files. Differences in interpretation were found in the widening of the results of investigations to prosecution, which led to differences in the classification of criminal types. The findings in the form of incompatibility of norms are a consequence of the practice of hierarchical models faced with separate authority. As a result, the form of procedure is questioned, dwelling on existing procedures without seeing the special character of the situations, events, and the crimes. Continuing from that, anomalies in practice make the use of hierarchical models and coordination models in investigations obscure the process of resolving gross human rights violations. Reflecting on the process at the ICC, there are several things that can be taken to enrich the discourse on the process of completion gross human rights violations
Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi sebagai Tata Konstitusional Abnormal dan Implikasi Yuridis Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 36/PUU-XV/2017
Get PDFThis article expresses the author’s view to disagree with the existence of the KPK and its supporting Constitutional Theory. This article is based on classical model of the trias politica theory and suggests that the existence of executive bodies should conform with the prescription of unitary executive theory. According to the unitary executive theory, the president should have the power to appoint and remove any executive official exclusively. This norm is based on the status of the president as the Chief Executive. According to this notion, the KPK, as independent agency, is unconstitutional. In line with the Constitutional Court Decision No. 36/PUU-XV/2017, qualifying the KPK as executive, our abnormal constitutional order, with the existence of the KPK, should be normalized in accordance with the unitary executive theory
Relevansi Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 22/PUU-XV/2017 dalam Upaya Mencegah Perkawinan Usia Anak
Get PDFThis research concludes that the Constitutional Court Decision Number 22 / PUU-XV / 2017 which mandates the legislators to revise the age-limit of marriage, is irrelevant in preventing child-age marriages. Indonesian marriage legal system continues to open up opportunities for deviations of the principle of age-limit of marriage through Dispensation of Marriage. This research finds the juridical development on Dispensation of Marriage on the type of marriage requiring Dispensation of Marriage, the applicant of Dispensation of Marriage, the authority to provide Dispensation of Marriage, and the administrative requirements to submit the Dispensation. Based on these developments, several factors that cause irrelevancy of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 22 / PUU-XV / 2017 in preventing child-age marriages are the absence of specific requirements in the application of Dispensation of Marriage to the court, the existence of the Principle of Freedom in procedural law, the voluntary nature attached in the request for Dispensation of Marriage, as well as the extension of provisions of applicants who can submit an application to the court
Pemindahan Ibu Kota Indonesia dan Kekuasaan Presiden dalam Perspektif Konstitusi
Get PDFIn 16 August 2019, the President of Republic of Indonesia gave speech on an idea of the translocation of the Indonesian capital city. The new capital city has also already decided by the President. The decision is made before the legal analysis including the legal basis of the decision to have new capital city. This paper will discuss the concept of the capital city from general- legal perspective to comparative perspective. This paper also discuss on how the concept of capital city is developed in Indonesia from the historical constitutional perspective. It will also analyze the presidential authority on the idea of proposing and deciding the translocation of the capital city. The argument in this paper is written as a legal argument by having perspective on the doctrinal-legal approach. It will use conceptual approach, legal and statutes approach and constitutional history approach. This paper ends up with the conclusion that the concept of the Indonesian capital city is different from the concept of the capital city in other countries, such as the Netherlands and Malaysia. In both countries, the concept of capital city is separated from the concept of government city, which is as the city center for governmental affairs. Besides, it is concluded that based on the Indonesian Constitution, the President of Republic of Indonesia has no absolute authority on the issue of translocation of the capital city. The President of Republic of Indonesia may have the power to propose the translocation of the capital city but there shall be further process of joint discussion and joint approval by the President and the DPR
Denyut Nadi Amandemen Kelima UUD 1945 melalui Pelibatan Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai Prinsip the Guardian of the Constitution
Get PDFPerubahan UUD 1945 yang telah dilakukan MPR membuktikan, bahwa ada benturan kepentingan sehingga menjadikan perubahan konstitusi yang ‘tambal sulam’ dan tidak berorientasi kepentingan jangka panjang, serta jauh dari kata memuaskan karena ‘elitis’ dan kurang partisipatif, maka perubahan konstitusi seharusnya tidak dilakukan oleh satu lembaga saja yang dalam hal ini adalah MPR. Oleh karna itu, penting kirannya melibatkan Mahkamah Konstitusi agar tercipta hasil perubahan UUD NRI 1945 yang partisipatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang apa urgensi pelibatan mahkamah konstitusi dalam perubahan Undang Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, dan bagaimana prospektif pelibatan mahkamah konstitusi dalam perubahan undang undang dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Penelitian ini mengunakan Jenis penelitian normatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Urgensi pelibatan MK dalam perubahan Undang Undang Dasar di dasarkan pada beberapa hal, antara lain: Pertama, terdapat banyak kelemahan dalam amandemen pertama sampai dengan amandemen ke-empat; Kedua, Eksistensi MPR sebagai lembaga politik; ketiga, Pelakasanaan prinsip Checks and Balance System; Keempat, Perwujudan MK sebagai The Guardian Of Consitution. Bahwa Prospektif pelibatan MK dalam perubahan UUD NRI 1945 adalah dengan menekankan pada political good will dari MPR untuk menyusun Mekanisme perubahan UUD NRI 1945 dengan melibatkan MK sebagai lembaga negara yang memberikan Sertfikasi Konstitusi dari hasil kajian perubahan yang dilakukan oleh Komisi konstitusi sebelum mendapatkan persetujuan dari MPR untuk ditetapkan sebagai hasil perubahan UUD 1945 yang baru. hasil dari mekanisme perubahan konstitusi dengan melibatkan MK ini ditujukan untuk menghasilkan perubahan konstitusi yang bersifat the people of the constitution.The amendments of the 1945 Constitution that the MPR has done proves that there is a conflict of interest that makes constitutional changes ‘patchy\u27 and not oriented to a long term interest and far from satisfying because of \u27elitist\u27 and less participatory. Thus, the changes to the constitution should not be carried out by one institution only which in this case is the MPR. Therefore, it is important to involve the Constitutional Court in order to create a participatory change in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. This study aims to find out about the urgency of involving the Constitutional Court in the amendment of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, and how prospective the Constitutional Court to involve in the amendment to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. This study uses a type of normative research and several approaches, namely; law approach (statue approach), comparative approach, and conceptual approach. The results of this study indicate that the urgency of involving the Constitutional Court in amending the Constitution is based on several things, including: First, the weaknesses in the first amendment to the fourth amendment; Second, the existence of the MPR as a political institution; third, the implementation of the Checks and Balance System principle; Fourth, the realization of the Constitutional Court as the Guardian of Constitution. The prospective involvement of the Constitutional Court in the amendment to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia is to emphasize the political goodwill of the MPR to develop a mechanism for amending the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia by involving the Constitutional Court as a state institution which provides a review of changes made by the constitution before obtaining approval from the MPR to be determined as a result of the amendment to the new 1945 Constitution. The result of the constitutional change mechanism by involving the Constitutional Court was intended to produce constitutional changes that have the character the people of the constitution.
Kepastian Hukum Eksekusi dan Pembatalan Putusan Arbitrase Syariah Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 93/PUU-X/2012
Get PDFPerkembangan pertumbuhan sistem ekonomi syariah, menuntut terhadap adanya penyesuaian-penyesuaian aturan hukum yang diberlakukan, khususnya terkait dengan penyelesaian sengketa yang terjadi. Baik secara litigasi maupun secara non litigasi. Termasuk bagian upaya penyelesaian ekonomi syariah, adalah melalui badan arbitrase syariah. Namun dalam perspektif yuridis, aturan mengenai kewenangan memberikan putusan eksekusi dan pembatalan terhadap putusan arbitrase syariah masih terjadi dualisme antara Peradilan Umum dan Peradilan Agama. Hal ini mencerminkan adanya ketidakpastian hukum dalam masalah tersebut. Melalui penelitian hukum normatif atau penelitian hukum doktrinal ini, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan jawaban-jawaban yang benar dengan melakukan pembuktian kebenaran yang dicari dari preskripsi-preskipsi hukum yang tertulis dalam kitab Undang-Undang serta sumber hukum lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan historis (historical approach). Penelitian ini difokuskan untuk mengkaji penerapan kaidah-kaidah atau norma norma dalam hukum positif tentang kepastian hukum pelaksanaan eksekusi dan pembatalan putusan arbitrase syariah, khususnya pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 93/PUU-X/2012. Pertentangan norma hukum tentang kewenangan pelaksanaan eksekusi dan pembatalan putusan arbitrase tersebut, meskipun secara yuridis terdapat pertentangan, namun Mahkamah Agung telah melakukan langkah politik hukum untuk menyelesaikan dualisme kewenangan tersebut yang dapat menyelesaikan dalam jangka waktu pendek. Namun untuk penyelesaian jangka panjang, perlu adanya pembenahan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan yang ada, guna menjamin kepastian hukum bagi para pencari keadilan.The development of the growth Islamic economic system requires the adjustments to the rule of law applied, particularly related to the settlements of disputes that occur, both litigation and non-litigation. One of the parts of efforts to solve sharia economics is through Islamic arbitration bodies. But in a juridical perspective, the rules regarding the authority to give execution decisions and cancellation of sharia arbitration decisions still occur between the General Justice and the Religious Courts. This reflects the legal uncertainty for the case. Through normative legal research or doctrinal legal research, this study aims to find the correct answers by carrying out the verification of the truth sought from the legal prescriptions written in the law and other legal sources. By using statute approach and historical approach, this research is focused on examining the application of norms in positive law regarding legal certainty in the execution and cancellation of sharia arbitration decisions, especially after the Decision of the Constitutional Court Number 93/PUU-X/2012. Contradicting legal norms regarding the authority to carry out the execution and cancellation of the arbitration decision, even though there is a juridical conflict, the Supreme Court has taken legal political steps to resolve the dualism of authority which can be resolved in the short term. Yet for long-term solutions, it is necessary to reform existing laws and regulations to ensure legal certainty for justice seekers.
Diskursus antara Kedudukan Delik Pencucian Uang sebagai Independent Crime dengan sebagai Follow Up Crime Pasca Putusan MK Nomor 90/PUU-XIII/2015
Get PDFSebagai tindak pidana lanjutan (follow up crime), kedudukan tindak pidana pencucian uang dilihat berdasarkan terjadinya tindak pidana tersebut secara faktual. Akan tetapi, jika cara memandang Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang sebagai follow up crime seperti itu dipertahankan dalam hal pembuktian, maka riskan untuk membuat tidak efektifnya pembuktian terhadap Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang dalam keadaan-keadaan tertentu, utamanya dalam hal materiele dader tindak pidana asal tersebut sedang berstatus DPO. Oleh sebab itu, dimunculkanlah sebuah ide yang pada pokoknya menghendaki agar dalam keadaan demikian, masih dimungkinkan untuk dibuktikan tindak pidana pencucian uangnya. Konsep itu disebut dengan istilah independent crime, yang melihat kedudukan TPPU dari perspektif unsur esensial dari delik pencucian uang, dan dari perspektif pembuktian tindak pidana pencucian uang itu sendiri. Dan hal tersebut juga tidak menyalahi apa yang tertuang dalam Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No 90/PUU-XIII/2015, sebagaimana dalam ratio decidendi putusan tersebut Mahkamah menyatakan bahwa frasa "tidak wajib dibuktikan terlebih dahulu" bukan berarti tidak perlu dibuktikan sama sekali tindak pidana asalnya, namun TPPU tidak perlu menunggu lama sampai perkara pidana asalnya diputus atau telah memperoleh kekuatan hukum tetap.As a follow up crime, money laundering offences are seen factually based on the offences done. However, if this perspective about money laundering as a follow up crime is maintained in the trial process perspective, it would be very risky of making the Money Laundering’s proofs in the court. Some may become ineffective in certain circumstances, especially in term of the materiele dader of predicate offences have declared as a fugitive. For that reason, an idea is created which in essence allow to, in such circumstances, prove his/her money laundering offences. This concept is recognized as the concept of “independent crime”, which sees the crime of money laundering from the essential element of money laundering offense, and from the proofing perspective of the money laundering itself. This is also in line with the decision of the Constitutional Court number 90/PUU-XII/2015, where in the ratio decidendi of the decision, the Constitutional Court declared that the phrase “not obligated to be proven first” does not mean that there is no obligation at all to prove the original offense, instead it means that for it to continue its legal proceeding, but that does not have to wait for the original offense to be sentenced or has received permanent legal force.