E-Journal Politeknik Negeri Samarinda
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A Guide to Nutrition Responsive Budgeting
No full textThis guide identifies what makes a PFM system responsive to nutrition needs, and what actions can be taken to develop a reform program in a capacity constrained context. Across the stages in the budgetcycle it identifies basic requirements that are necessary for a nutrition responsive PFM reform and develops advanced options that could be pursued if context appropriate. Following this guide will allow stakeholders to map priority interventions from strategic plans into the government budget, identify what interventions were approved in the budget, map out when budgets were released for these interventions and monitor spending and implementation. Together this creates the necessary foundation for matching spending data with outcome information to allow for evidence-based course correction. A nutrition responsive PFM reform leverages existing country systems at the margins to foster stewardship, oversight, and coordination, to strengthen the allocation and use of limited resources. At the same time this guide is designed to minimize disruptions to other ongoing reform efforts and avoid duplicating processes, or onerous data collection and reporting requirements
Strategies for a More Sustainable Future. Supplementary Annexes
No full textThis report assesses the current performance of tourism in the Caribbean and, in light of the new trends, identifies future pathways and policies for sustainable growth in three targeted segments. These segments were selected to include the traditional markets of cruise and all-inclusive resort accommodation as well as new opportunities in the high-value segment of adventure tourism. Cruise and all-inclusive resorts continue to be priorities for governments as they provide jobs, stimulate foreign direct investment (FDI), and generate the majority of regional demand
Insights from GEMs Consortium Statistics
No full textEmerging markets have long been viewed as high-risk destinations for investment, particularly investments in companies. Although macroeconomic and political stability risks are higher, this perception also reflects project-level risks, or uncertainty about repayment prospects. Investors, with limited historical data and a lack of reliable metrics on the likelihood of default and recovery rates, approach emerging markets with great caution. The research challenges this view. Newly released statistics from the Global Emerging Markets Risk Database (GEMs), a consortium of 26 multilateral development banks (MDBs) and development finance institutions (DFIs) pooling their credit risk data, provides a way to analyze the risks in a more nuanced way. The statistics offer insights into default and recovery patterns for loans to emerging market firms over the past three decades, especially when investments are made alongside MDBs and DFIs. They also highlight the benefits of incorporating emerging market exposure into diversified investment portfolios
Paraguay Country Climate and Development Report
No full textThe World Bank Group’s Country Climate and Development Reports (CCDRs) are a core diagnostic that integrates climate change and development. They help countries prioritize the most impactful actions that can reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and boost adaptation and resilience, while delivering on broader development goals. CCDRs build on data and rigorous research and identify main pathways to reduce GHG emissions and climate vulnerabilities, including the costs and challenges as well as benefits and opportunities from doing so. The reports suggest concrete, priority actions to support the low-carbon, resilient transition. As public documents, CCDRs aim to inform governments, citizens, the private sector and development partners and enable engagements with the development and climate agenda. CCDRs feed into other core Bank Group diagnostics, country engagements and operations, and help attract funding and direct financing for high-impact climate action.Paraguay, an upper middle‑income country (UMIC), is blessed with abundant natural resources. This reliance on natural resources makes Paraguay vulnerable to weather‑related shocks, including those stemming from climate change. Extreme weather events such as droughts and floods are regular occurrences in Paraguay. While the country is accustomed to experiencing such events, climate change is projected to increase the frequency and severity of these shocks, potentially reducing crop yields, increase transportation costs, and disrupting energy production. Climate change is also expected to result in higher temperatures in Paraguay, potentially having negative effects on health, learning, and worker productivity. Increasing resilience to climate shocks is therefore key to ensure climate change does not hamper Paraguay’s socioeconomic progress. Opportunities and challenges for decarbonizing Paraguayan economy are different from the ones faced by most countries. The Country Climate and Development Report (CCDR) explores opportunities and challenges that climate change poses to Paraguay’s development. The report examines how Paraguay can build better resilience to climate shocks. It also examines how Paraguay can benefit from decarbonization by leveraging its hydropower sector and transforming its forestry, agriculture, and transport sectors. Finally, it discusses how the government can prioritize and finance investments for climate change adaptation and mitigation and leverage more action toward these objectives from the private sector
Improving Utility Governance and Management in West Africa
No full textMost power utilities in West Africa are not financially sustainable. Several interrelated factors cause these performance issues, but dependence on liquid fuels, poor governance, insufficient use of information technology (IT), and weak balance sheets are particularly common and acute challenges. This paper is one of a series of three that aim to help West African utilities and governments - and the development financiers that support them - better understand and respond to these issues. The focus in the papers is primarily on utilities with a distribution function (that is, distribution-only utilities, transmission and distribution utilities, or vertically integrated utilities), but examples from other types of utilities (transmission only, generation and transmission) are drawn on when instructive. Though each paper’s approach is tailored to its topic, they share common features. Each paper contains: (i) a stocktaking of the scope of the challenge in West African utilities, sometimes informed by new data collected for that paper; (ii) conceptual frameworks to help readers deepen their understanding of the topic; and (iii) real-world country examples in the form of case studies and or utility deep dives. The insights presented in these papers draw on lessons learned from past World Bank engagement with client utilities and, in turn, have helped shape ongoing Bank operations
Evidence from Project-Level Foreign Investment Data
No full textThis paper examines the relationship between geopolitical fragmentation and friendshoring of foreign investments over time, countries, and sectors. The analysis uses comprehensive data on foreign direct investments covering greenfield projects, mergers and acquisitions, and stocks of affiliates, as well as data on four alternative measures of geopolitical distance between countries. The gravity estimations suggest that, first, geopolitical differences have a negative effect on foreign investments and the magnitude has heightened in the post-pandemic period compared to a decade ago. Second, it is primarily the companies from advanced Western economies whose foreign investment decisions are increasingly shaped by friendshoring forces. Finally, the paper shows that friendshoring is not only confined to strategic industries, implying that allocations of foreign direct investments may not solely reflect national security or resilience considerations
World Bank East Asia and Pacific Economic Update, April 2025: A Longer View
No full textEast Asia and Pacific (EAP) outpaced most regions in economic growth in 2024. To sustain this momentum and generate jobs, EAP countries must navigate global uncertainty and tackle long-term challenges tied to shifting global integration, climate change, and demographic trends. In its 2025 Regional Economic Update, the World Bank projects that growth in EAP will slow down to 4.0 percent in 2025, compared to 5.0 percent in 2024. Uncertainty around these projections remains high, and growth outcomes will depend on global developments and national policy choices
Evidence from More Than One Million Transactions in Ukraine
No full textThis paper uses a rich set of
geo-coded administrative and remotely sensed data on more
than 1 million agricultural land transactions in Ukraine to
explore how informality, size, and recent land reforms
affect land prices. Three main findings are highlighted.
First, absence of registered rights generates large negative
externalities, the size of which plausibly exceeds the cost
of registering all land. By contrast, informality of lease
contracts is a choice that may enable owners to evade
regulatory obstacles that prevent them from renegotiating
contracts to obtain more favorable terms. Second, while land
market liberalization generated significant indirect
benefits, gains are unevenly distributed. Furthermore,
competition in sales markets remains limited, pointing to
scope for measures—including reducing the transaction costs
of selling land and accessing mortgage finance, improving
publicity of pending land sales, and use of electronic
auctions—to enhance the reforms’ impact on efficiency and
equity. Third, size at the parcel, field, and farm levels is
associated with higher per hectare prices, pointing to scope
for market-based land consolidation and growth of
medium-size farms to increase land values and productivity.
Achieving this potential will require measures to limit
speculative land acquisition and exercise of market power by
making local land markets more competitive and using
market-based land valuation as a basis for taxing land on a
recurrent basis and any capital gains due to land appreciation
Myanmar Earthquake - March 28, 2025
No full textThis Global Rapid Post-Disaster Damage Estimation (GRADE) report presents a rapid estimate of the direct economic damage to physical assets (building and infrastructure) from the moment magnitude (Mw) 7.7 earthquake that struck central Myanmar on March 28, 2025. The assessment does not consider the losses or needs of the event. It is intended to support response planning, inform recovery strategies, and guide future risk reduction interventions. This event is Myanmar’s most impactful earthquake since the 1912 Maymyo earthquake, or even the 1839 Ava earthquake, which had a magnitude estimated between 7.9 to 8.3. It is also likely to be the deadliest in the country’s recorded history. The earthquake caused intense ground shaking across the densely populated central corridor, resulting in building failures, widespread fatalities, destruction of critical infrastructure, and major disruptions to social and economic systems. The situation is further complicated by the country’s political instability. This report includes (i) a characterization of the seismic event, (ii) the development of an updated exposure model of Myanmar’s built environment, (iii) an estimation of economic damage to buildings and infrastructure, and (iv) a high-level discussion on the potential socio-economic and recovery implications of the disaster. It draws on seismic data, preliminary satellite damage assessments, building exposure models, and information from available reports from humanitarian agencies and development partners
PERANCANGAN BANGUNAN KOMERSIL SWALAYAN (KELONTONG) DAN BARBERSHOP DENGAN GAYA ARSITEKTUR INDUSTRIAL DI SAMARINDA
No full textPasar swalayan (kelontong) dan barbershop merupakan jenis bangunan komersil yang menjadi bagian integral dari kehidupan perkotaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merencanakan bangunan komersil yang menggabungkan swalayan (kelontong) dan barbershop dengan menerapkan gaya arsitektur industrial di Samarinda. Gaya arsitektur industrial dipilih untuk menciptakan desain yang unik, fungsional, dan estetis. Konsep ini melibatkan penggunaan material kasar seperti besi, beton, dan kaca yang mempertegas identitas industri. Studi ini menggali karakteristik lokasi di Samarinda dan kebutuhan pengguna untuk merancang bangunan yang dapat memenuhi persyaratan fungsional, estetika, dan kenyamanan. Metode perencanaan yang digunakan mencakup survei lokasi, analisis kebutuhan pengguna, dan perancangan konsep bangunan. Hasilnya adalah rancangan bangunan komersil yang memadukan area swalayan dengan barbershop, memberikan pengalaman berbelanja yang menyenangkan dan layanan grooming yang nyaman dalam satu kesatuan bangunan. Implementasi gaya arsitektur industrial diharapkan dapat menciptakan identitas visual yang kuat dan memikat. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam merancang bangunan komersil yang terintegrasi dengan karakteristik kota dan memenuhi harapan pasar lokal, sembari memperhatikan aspek keberlanjutan dalam pemilihan material