E-Journal Politeknik Negeri Samarinda
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Global Regulations, Institutional Development, and Market Authorities Perspective Toolkit (GRIDMAP): Maturity Assessment Profile (MAP) Methodology
No full textThe Global Regulations, Institutional Development, and Market Authorities Perspective
Toolkit (GRIDMAP) provides a Minimum Package of regulations and practices for emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs) to build safe, trustworthy markets. GRIDMAP uses a modular approach, applying the same methodology to different regulatory areas. By using a consistent methodology for the development of the different modules, GRIDMAP facilitates international benchmarking and learning, and meaningful assessments of regulatory and institutional frameworks.
The modular nature of GRIDMAP allows for focused attention on specific areas of market regulation, such as consumer protection and data market regulations. These areas affect the most vulnerable actors in the market ecosystem: individuals and small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Consumer protection and data markets have been identified as priority modules for GRIDMAP because consumers face significant information asymmetries and may be subject to abuse of market power. Of all the actors in the digital and global market landscape, consumers are among the most vulnerable, especially given the low digital literacy in some EMDEs. Some of the risks faced by consumers are excessive data collection, discrimination and bias based on automated decision-making, unfair commercial practices, fraud and data security breaches. Additional GRIDMAP modules may look at topics impacting particular types of business transactions. GRIDMAP sets forth three Pillars that form the Minimum Package required for EMDEs to build safe and trustworthy contestable markets: (i) the legal framework, (ii) the institutional arrangements, and (iii) the availability and effectiveness of implementation and enforcement (Figure 1). This three-pillar approach puts particular emphasis not just on adopting laws—the typical initial policymaking focus—but also on developing institutions and institutional activities
that promote the effectiveness of the adopted laws in practice
Geospatial Capacity Assessment of the Commonwealth of Dominica
No full textDominica is a Small Island Developing State located in the Eastern Caribbean between Guadeloupe and Martinique. It is a volcanic island with mountainous terrain that includes nine potentially active volcanic centers. The island's location, geology, and topography make it susceptible to several hydrometeorological and seismic hazards, including hurricanes, floods, landslides, and earthquakes. Dominica has a population of approximately 73,000. The island’s economy is largely based on agriculture and tourism. Climate change is expected to persist as a significant developmental and existential challenge to Dominica and other small island states. Based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) climate change scenarios, Dominica is expected to be one of the countries most severely affected by climate change (per capita). The country has experienced increased frequency and severity of storms in recent years, keeping with climate change projections. One of the project's key activities is to assess geographic information system (GIS) user capacity in Dominica. This assessment identifies needs among the community of GIS users and highlights barriers related to institutional policies, technology, or expertise. It also highlights opportunities for capacity building, knowledge exchange, and cooperation among stakeholders, including government agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and the private sector. In addition to this geospatial capacity assessment, the Digital Earth for a Resilient Caribbean team is providing technical assistance to the GoCD on various initiatives, including the definition of institutional arrangements for the establishment of a GIS Unit, the capture and analysis of data on Dominica’s building stock, and the identification of training needs
Determinants of Child Malnutrition in the Lao PDR
No full textThis policy note uses the most recent available data to outline the primary factors contributing to child stunting and malnutrition in Laos. The report draws on data from the baseline round of impact evaluation surveys conducted in 2020 as part of the Nutrition Convergence Projects. By applying a multivariate analytical model developed by the World Bank (2016) and the Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition method to this data, the analysis identifies the most significant correlates of nutrition outcomes, providing insight into proximate determinants. While the analysis does not establish causation, it indicates potential transmission channels. Building on these findings, this note emphasizes the multisectoral nature of child undernutrition in Laos, identifies key determinants of child stunting, and presents policy recommendations to address them
Pacific Healthy Islands Transformation (PHIT) Project: Technical Note
No full textThe operation has been screened for climate and disaster risks and has been found to be highly exposed while risks to the operation’s activities are moderate. Climate change is profoundly impacting the health of Pacific Islanders, particularly the large portion of the population with non-communicable disease (NCD). Exacerbation of cardiovascular disease (CVDs) incidence, such as ischemic heart disease and stroke, are amongst the most pressing and deadly health impacts of climate change. Climate change is worsening food insecurity across the Pacific, driving up rates of obesity and intensifying the burden of diabetes - another leading cause of mortality and NCD prevalence in the region. Climate change poses significant health risks to Pacific Island countries through increased incidence of climate-sensitive epidemic-prone, infectious diseases, specifically water and vector borne diseases. Climate change is also affecting cancer incidence and outcomes, both directly and indirectly. Recent research shows that rising temperatures can elevate cancer risk through increased exposure to carcinogens, disruptions to health-care delivery, and can even influence biological processes at the cellular level. Pacific health infrastructure remains critically vulnerable to escalating climate threats, undermining the region's capacity to address growing disease burdens and provide the continuity of care essential to those with NCDs
Public and Private Transit: Evidence from Lagos
No full textPrivate minibuses dominate transport in many developing country cities. They serve 62% of motorized trips in Lagos, the largest city in sub-Saharan Africa. This paper uses original panel data to measure how private minibuses respond to the rollout of a new public bus network. When the government enters a route, minibuses depart less frequently, drivers’ profits fall, and drivers switch to connected routes, reducing prices. A custom application was developed to estimate how commuters trade off prices and wait times using a RCT. The private response harms commuters on treated routes, who wait longer, but benefits those on connected routes, who face only lower prices. The disciplining effect of the new system on prices dominates on average, so that commuters overall benefit from the introduction of public transit, while minibus drivers lose revenue. Over one quarter of the commute welfare gains of building the public transit system arise from the response of private transit. Drivers lose welfare equal to 60% of the commuter gains
The State of Global Services Trade Policies: Evidence from Recent Data
No full textThe economic environment for services trade has changed dramatically over the past 15 years, driven by rapid technological progress that has expanded the possibilities for exchanging services. How has trade policy responded to these changes? How do policy stances in a wide range of service sectors compare across economies? With its unprecedented global coverage, the Services Trade Policy Database and the associated Services Trade Restrictions Index, developed jointly by the World Bank and the World Trade Organization, help address these questions. This paper makes three principal contributions. First, it offers an in-depth discussion of the current state of services trade policies and their differences across 134 economies and 34 services subsectors. Second, the paper reveals how recent (2016–22) changes in policy stances have seen progressive liberalization by lower-income economies but stabilization or even slight policy reversals in high-income economies. This dynamic differs fundamentally from the trend that unfolded after the Great Recession over 2008–16. Third, the paper shows the implications of policy changes over the past six years on services trade costs, and it showcases how the Services Trade Policy Database’s regulatory information can inform trade negotiations, regulatory analysis, and policy making. Alongside these contributions, the paper documents updates to the Services Trade Policy Database’s economy and sector coverage and explains the latest methodological improvements made to the World Bank–World Trade Organization Services Trade Restrictions Index
Exploring the Impacts of Social Protection on Social Cohesion in the Sahel
No full textIn the Sahel, vulnerability, poverty, competition over natural resources, and limited economic opportunities have weakened social bonds and fueled conflict, dynamics further exacerbated by climate change. Within this context, social protection emerges as a key tool to strengthen social cohesion by fostering institutional trust, community cooperation, and the relationship between citizens and the state. However, evidence on its impacts in the region remains limited and fragmented, particularly regarding different dimensions of cohesion (intra- and inter-community, as well as citizen–state relations). To address these gaps, UNICEF, the World Bank, and the World Food Programme are jointly implementing a research project that combines quantitative and qualitative methods to identify the causal links between social protection and social cohesion, while analyzing program design, implementation, and contextual factors that shape these outcomes in the Sahel.Dans le Sahel, la vulnérabilité, la pauvreté, la concurrence pour les ressources naturelles et les opportunités économiques limitées ont affaibli les liens sociaux et alimenté les conflits, des dynamiques aggravées par le changement climatique. Dans ce contexte, la protection sociale émerge comme un outil clé pour renforcer la cohésion sociale en favorisant la confiance institutionnelle, la coopération communautaire et la relation entre les citoyens et l’État. Cependant, les preuves sur ses impacts dans la région restent limitées et fragmentées, notamment concernant les différentes dimensions de la cohésion (intra- et inter-communautés, ainsi que les relations citoyens-États). Pour combler ces lacunes, l’UNICEF, la Banque mondiale et le Programme alimentaire mondial mettent conjointement en œuvre un projet de recherche qui combine des méthodes quantitatives et qualitatives afin d’identifier les liens causaux entre la protection sociale et la cohésion sociale, tout en analysant la conception, la mise en œuvre et les facteurs contextuels des programmes qui façonnent ces résultats au Sahel
PENERAPAN PRINSIP DESAIN BIOFILIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS LINGKUNGAN DI PANTI REHABILITASI NARKOBA
No full textDrug usage and trafficking have been major problems for the Indonesian Government. Medan is the 3rd biggest city in Indonesia and has the highest number of drug distribution and use in Indonesia. To eradicate this problem, a drug rehabilitation facility is needed that not only has a good program but also has appropriate physical facilities. However, the current drug rehabilitation facilities in Medan City can only accommodate a small number of drug addict patients, so additional rehabilitation facilities will greatly assist in the treatment of patients. In addition, existing facilities have not focused on designing a built environment that can accelerate the healing process. This study aims to design a drug rehabilitation facility that specifically focuses on post-healing mental health and the mental health of drug abusers. The design of drug rehabilitation in Medan uses a biophilic design approach. This design research employs a qualitative, descriptive methodology. The strategy involves surveying the land and analyzing similar buildings through photo documentation. The use of software applications such as AutoCAD, SketchUp, and Enscape supports the design process. In the design of the drug rehabilitation center, various natural elements are integrated to foster interaction between humans and nature. Vegetation is incorporated to facilitate visual engagement, while water features are included to promote non-visual interaction. Additionally, roster materials and secondary skins are intended to establish a material connection with nature and provide protection for the building's users
PERENCANAAN DAN PEMBUATAN ALAT PENGGILING BUMBU PECEL BERTENAGA MOTOR BENSIN 5,5 HP: Planning And Manufacturing A 5.5 Hp Petrol Motor Powered Spice Grinder For Pecel
No full textPengembangan mesin penggiling bumbu pecel yang diberdayakan oleh motor bensin 5,5 HP telah sangat meningkatkan efisiensi proses dalam produksi makanan lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan menganalisis sebuah mesin yang memungkinkan pengguna menghemat waktu dan tenaga berharga selama proses penggilingan. Desain mesin ditentukan setelah melakukan survei lapangan untuk mengidentifikasi kebutuhan spesifik pengguna, menghasilkan mesin kompak dengan ukuran 1000 x 400 x 800 mm, yang dibangun dengan stainless steel food grade A304 untuk menjamin keselamatan dan kebersihan. Selama pengujian, ditemukan bahwa penggilingan lengkuas memerlukan waktu paling lama, yaitu (177,62 detik) dengan clearance 0,5 mm. Sebaliknya, penggilingan cabai dapat dilakukan dengan cepat hanya dalam (64,64 detik) dengan clearance 1,2 mm. Secara keseluruhan, temuan ini menegaskan manfaat signifikan mesin ini bagi usaha kecil dan menengah, yang mendorong produktivitas dan efisiensi operasional yang lebih bai
PERHITUNGAN KONSTRUKSI DAN ANALISA PRODUKSI PADA ALAT PENGADUK ADONAN ROTI TIPE HORIZONTAL BERKAPASITAS 20 KG/JAM: Construction Calculation And Production Analysis Of A Horizontal Bread Dough Mixer With A Capacity Of 20 Kg/Hour
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun mesin pengaduk adonan roti dan donat tipe horizontal dengan kapasitas 20 kg/jam sebagai solusi bagi industri rumah tangga dan usaha kecil menengah (UKM) yang membutuhkan proses produksi cepat, efisien, dan higienis. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan Design Science Research melalui tahapan analisis kebutuhan, perancangan mekanis, pembuatan, perakitan, serta uji kinerja. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa mesin mampu mengolah 10 kg adonan dalam waktu 14 menit 49 detik dan 20 kg adonan dalam 29 menit 46 detik, dengan efisiensi waktu 67–70% dibandingkan metode manual. Analisis daya motor bensin 6,5 HP serta perhitungan kekuatan rangka ST 60 dan umur bearing menunjukkan bahwa mesin aman digunakan dan memiliki umur pakai hingga ±5 tahun. Dari sisi ekonomi, penggunaan mesin ini mampu mengurangi biaya tenaga kerja hingga 60% dan meningkatkan kapasitas produksi harian 2–3 kali lipat. Dengan demikian, mesin ini terbukti efektif dan layak diterapkan pada skala usaha kecil maupun menengah serta berpotensi dikembangkan lebih lanjut dengan sistem otomatisasi dan penggunaan energi ramah lingkunga