Smart Moves Journal IJELLH (International Journal of English language, literature in humanities)
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Reimagining the Post-COVID 19 World: A Critique of Arundhati Roy’s Azadi . Freedom. Fascism. Fiction.
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Arundhati Roy’s Azadi . Freedom. Fascism. Fiction. (2020) is a clarion call to the world at large and India in particular to break the shackles of obsoleteness, and reimagine a new and improved world. This wakeup call has been prompted by the pandemic which has brought the entire globe down on its knees. It has forced humankind to question the values that modern societies have been built on – all that they have chosen to venerate and those they have derided. COVID-19 has ridiculed borders: geographical, political, economic and cultural. The pandemic for Roy is a “portal, a gateway between one world and the next” (214). This anthology consists of 9 essays/ lectures written between 2018-2020. They are all linked together as they yield insights into how the world should be recreated. This paper attempts to critically assess the diverse ways in which Roy seeks to reinvent the world post -pandemic
Humour in the Shudraka’s Mricchakatika [The Little Clay Cart]
Get PDF Humour is genuine passion of human being. It releases the pressure and gives free and happy mind-set to the human being. There are numerous things in life that exasperates, frustrates and disappoints the man yet with sprinkle of humour the person become cheerful. The individual who is content with smiling face looks extremely lovely though he/she are loathsome. The sense of humour creates happy atmosphere and helps to illuminate precarious complications. The gratification is the decisive aim of human being. Everyone attempt to live cheerful, for happiness the aspiration fulfillment of the person is indispensable but it cannot be feasible for everyone. It is necessary to be happy with some satisfying wish; here the comical inclination helps the being. Nowadays, humour become very powerless and lost its uniqueness so in the present research an attempt will make to concentrate on the assortments of natural humour in the Shudraka’s Mricchakatika
Theorising Material Ecocriticism: From Abstract to Concrete
Get PDFThe material-turn in the millennial period brought in newer insights in the understanding of the relationship between the material and its users. It would be interesting to explore the trajectory from this point, for the New Materialism that came about was founded on drawing from multifarious disciplines – natural sciences, anthropology, psychology, philosophy, history, geology and cultural studies. Today, the theoretical framework of Ecocriticism has adopted several tenets of New Materialism and has evolved into ‘Material Ecocriticism’. The present paper aims to study the latest development of ecocriticism in association with materialism, while paying particular heed to how ‘matter’ plays a pivotal role in constructing and communicating narratives. The study also looks at reading matter as an active agent in propelling any alterations in our relationship with nature. Along with a quick rereading of William Blake’s selected poems, the study proceeds to highlight the importance of accurate interpretations that could bring about considerable changes in our attitudes toward the environment
Looming Diasporic In-Betweenness: A Critical Study of Hybridity and Culture in Agha Shahid Ali’s Poetic World
Get PDFHybridity is an outcome of consistent movement and interaction of two different aspects of human existence. The forces of nature when confluence each other cause hybrid existence bringing the traces of both into it. It may by and large cohabit the space and time, race and culture, philosophy and religion etc. It encompasses the divergent modes of existence, thinking patterns, behavioral norms, socio-cultural ethos, political and administrative ambience. Diasporic Hybridity is pertinent discourse. It is cause of anxiety in the early stage of migrant experience whereas settling base of later stage of existence of diasporic community. Present paper is an attempt to trace the threads of looming diasporic in-betweenness as reflected in the poetry of Agha Shahid Ali
Hedonism in George Saunder’s The Semplica-Girl Diaries.
Get PDFGeorge Saunders is an American short story writer. His writings include moral sting and stints of realism. This article is an analysis of one of his famous stories The Semplica-Girl Diaries. The story is a fine example of hedonism which means favouring pleasure and avoiding pain. This article speculates the idea of hedonism in the characters of this story and brings forth the theme of moral myopia. Hedonistic treadmill was at multiple times was being operated by those characters who try to own pleasure in spite of biting bullets. The other elements like American dream and consumerism have been analysed through the lens of narrator
Survival in Post-Apartheid South Africa: Defending Lurie in Coetzee’s “Disgrace”
Get PDFCoetzee’s “Disgrace” unerringly a work of magnificence, ventures into the life of David Lurie, a white South African professor, in a world where men such as him have been castrated of the powers they once possessed and is induced to re-evaluate his entire being, at an age when he believes change is improbable. Set in Post-Apartheid South Africa, it narrates the journey of Lurie, the trials and tribulations he undergoes and eventually an unwilling acceptance of self, putting up a facade of life. This study endeavours to defend Lurie’s mindset against the charges brought by Melanie at Cape Town and the charges brought by Lucy against his desensitization towards her resolution owing to his own pride. It also endeavours to disenthrall the theme of survival through Lurie’s as well as Lucy’s pursuit of the fine art of living in a culture that lies ravished and the struggles they faced stepping into a new journey. With Lurie’s redemption and Lucy’s resurrection, commence the consummation of each struggle bringing forth a reconciliation with the self
Paradox and Tragedy in Dennis Lehane’s Shutter Island and Seneca’s Oedipus Rex: A Comparative Study
Get PDFThe stratagem of employing paradoxical scenario in any form of artistic expression has been a timeless creative scheme. A very famous example of paradox may be seen within Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex, with the titular character’s pursuit of truth and goodwill leading to his own tragic downfall. Similarly, tragic expression has been at the centre of humans’ outlet for cathartic release. Thus, both paradox and tragedy tend to emerge in different ways in works of literature. The present study is focussed on recognizing and exploring the traces of commonalities of paradox and tragic elements between Oedipus Rex and Shutter Island(2003),by the renowned crime and mystery novelist, Dennis Lehane by considering the heroes in both narratives and the situations that their character attributes incite. The authors in both cases assign character attributes of a traditional tragic hero which constantly inform their actions, thereby creating an inevitable journey of personal downfall. The moments of anagnorisis are imbued with intense guilt and grief as both the protagonists realize that they themselves are the cause for their problems
The Hanuman Myth in Aravind Adiga’s The White Tiger
Get PDFLike Joyce’s Ulysses, Adiga exploits ancient myth in his Booker winning novel The White Tiger. He uses the Hanuman myth of Valmiki’s The Ramayana to show the contrast of master-servant relationship in the heroic age and that of post modern age. The myth helps him to explain the Rooster Coop mentality of the Indians. He frankly exposes how people are kept passive in the name of religion. Servants behave hypocritically only to please their masters. They have a mixed feeling towards their masters. They use their masters, if they can, to rise upper echelons of society. The protagonist of the novel Balram Halwai does not hesitate to slit his master, Mr. Ashok to rise the ladder. Not only the servants, but the masters also deviate from the righteous path. They ask their servants to bear the burden of their own crime. Adiga has successfully exploited mythological materials to present social materials. He portrays parallel characters to parody the archetypal figures of Valmiki
Questioning of Stable Gender Roles in Tawfiq Al-Hakim’s The Song of Death
Get PDFThis paper is a critique of conventional gender roles in Tawfiq Al-Hakim’s The Song of Death. The research presents Hakim’s challenge to the masculinity especially in Arabian Islamic culture that is guided by revengeful motive of mother. Being a woman, Asakir is guided by the patriarchal motif of revenge i.e., an eye for an eye. It is Asakir, a widow who ironically thinks that version of masculinity has to be preserved by her in order to do so she makes her son Ilwan take revenge on his father’s murderer but in vain. Ilwan is represented as one of the modernists guided by social norms, decorum and laws. In order to critique the conventional notion of masculinity, the research makes use of theoretical insights of Judith Butler, Judith Halberstam and some ideas from others. Finally, the research concludes that Hakim is critical of conventional masculinity. The mother is presented as a strong advocate of masculinity but her failure at the end of the play ironically displays the implacability of gender-based roles in modern society like that of Cairo.
 
Living in the Margin : A Study of Bama’s Karukku.
Get PDFBama published her autobiography “Karukku” in 1999. This unusual autobiography helps the reader understand the lives of the Tamil Dalit Christians. Even though Bama’s purpose of writing the book was to heal her “inward wounds”, the book has touched the heart of the readers. Karukku helps us understand the realities of the lives of Dalits. Bama looks at various aspects of the Dalit reality – a village which is divided on the basis of caste, Paraya men and women who cannot seem to overcome poverty in spite of working hard, children who are forced to learn lessons of untouchability at a very young age, the apathy of the church etc. An in-depth study of the text throws light on the pains of caste discrimination, untouchability and poverty that Dalit Christians experience. This paper, by the study of Karukku, tries to understand the realities of the Tamil Dalit Christians