Smart Moves Journal IJELLH (International Journal of English language, literature in humanities)
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White Man’s Burden(ed) by Others: Reading Chinua Achebe and Analysing Rudyard Kipling
Get PDFThe chosen article by Chinua Achebe brought a hugely different angle of Conrad’s Heart of Darkness i.e., the racist angle. He mentioned the keyways a text becomes so oblivious that readers ‘normalize’ the racist angle of the novella. In Conrad’s critically acclaimed works, there is covert racism that Achebe pointed out to the global audience. Even as a reader from ‘Orient’ it took me some time to absorb the obvious fact staring right into the face of every reader. Achebe presents the very understanding of African culture, and it is absolute mockery by a renowned writer like Joseph Conrad. The major question here then arises is, what is culture
Karnad’s Hayavadana: Reflections through a Dialectical Frame
Get PDFKarnad’s Hayavadana narrates the quest for wholeness in a dialectical set-up of creation. The pursuit of absolute happiness amid chaos and incomplete order of the world becomes a significant theme of the narrative structure. Through its exquisite symbolism, the play captures the dynamics of the contrary, opposing yet integral aspects of our being - body and intellect, which transform to create and evolve spiritually. The play unfolds the saga of dialectical interplay, which unfolds and expands to re-create ever-new patterns of thought
Dilemma of Being At Threshold: A Study of Women Conciousness In Literary Milieu
Get PDFThe paper attempts to highlight the long - pitched unequal fight between the two schools of thought-the conservative male class and the modern female class. It puts forth the hard fact that the macrocosm of the conservative patriarchy with its tools of subordination, suppression and marginalization is hell bent upon to crush and dwarf the microcosm of the modern progressive young women aspiring to have their own personal space and identities . The ages-old ideologies and perceptions of the rural and rustic folks provides no breathing space to the modern convent educated girls who fell ghettoed and suffocated before the stiffing and regressive parameters of this society and finally get trapped in a dead end alley of no easy escape .the author is of the view that instead of having direct encounter with the ruthless system, they should equip themselves with the possible tools of diplomatic manipulations and strategic machinations, which will enable them not only to face the trials and tribulations of this hegemonic setup with confidence and conviction but to ascend the ladder of social hierarchy as well.
 
Faultlines at Blurred Border between fictionality and Reality of Punjabi Diaspora: Some reflections on Punjab, Punjabi language and Punjabi culture
Get PDFThe present paper strives to interrogate the fictionality of attempts by the Punjabi expatriates for the overseas maintenance, preservation and proliferation of their Punjabi cultural identity as a result of the economic prosperity of Punjabi brethren settled abroad and its concomitant effects back home on Punjab, Punjabi language and Punjabi culture .The paper places on record the direct contestation between the fictional microcosm comprised of the diasporic milieu portrayed in diasporic literature and the actual life led by diasporic Punjabi expatriates on the host land, which is the replica of the original back home in Punjab , and the macrocosm of the actual real culture of geographical terrain called Punjab in India on the world map
Constructing Subaltern Worldview in Aravind Adiga’s The White Tiger
Get PDFThe central concern for many Indian writers, settled abroad, either remains diasporic experiences or their concerns about the othering of the poor by the affluent in modern India against the backdrop of the realities of the two opposing conceptions of India: the envisioned Independent India of the post-freedom struggle and the modern India of the rich. Caste and class structures are an imperial barrier to democratic socialism and economic equality, which causes the poor to be victimized. Because they lack resources and are therefore helpless, the underprivileged continue to be used as tools of the elite capitalist class. With the background established, Adiga’s The White Tiger holds a central position to establish the voice of the marginalized to challenge the country\u27s booming prosperity.
This paper attempts to critically analyze The White Tiger by Aravind Adiga through a socio-Political perspective to depict India’s socio-cultural and political context and how the larger politics impact the micro level realities of common people. Similarly, it attempts to establish a marginalized by showcasing the life of a low-born person involved in the local politics and policy.
 
PROBLEMATIZING IDENTITY: A STUDY OF GOGOL’S CHARACTER IN JHUMPA LAHIRI’S THE NAMESAKE
Get PDFJhumpa Lahiri was born to an educated middle class Bengali parents in London and grown up in Rhodes Island, Lahiri authentically portrays her experiences of problematizing identity in her first novel The Namesake. In this novel Lahiri’s experiences of growing up as a child of immigrants resemble that of her protagonist, Gogol Ganguly. Lahiri belongs to the second generation of Indian Diaspora whose ongoing quest for identity never seems to end. They feel sandwiched between the country of their parents and the country of their birth. They are to maintain ties between the ideologies of these two countries which are poles apart. But in this process they are caught between acute identity crisis from where there is nowhere to go. Through Gogol, Lahiri presents identity crisis which she herself has faced acutely. Gogol struggles throughout the novel with his dual identity - American and Bengali. He changes his name in an effort to do away with any negative connotation there is with the origin of his name. To Gogol, it is not connected to him or his Bengali heritage in any way and therefore he initially rejects it. The Namesake expands on the perplexities of the immigrants experience and the search for identity. Gogol is burdened with the seemingly absurd name of the long-dead writer, awkwardly struggles to define himself. Lahiri represents Gogol as someone who is confused about his identity, she also presents Gogol as a prototypical transnational agent who lives between two different worlds with the possibility of creating multiplicity of identities.
 
The Theme of Forgiveness in Jamaica Kincaid’s Mr. Potter
Get PDFJamaica Kincaid is one of the best novelists in American-Antiguan writer in the present times. Born in St. Johns, Antigua in 1949. She moved to United States in 1965 to work as an au pair. She published her first article “When I was 17” for Ingénue magazine. At this time she changed her name from Elaine Potter Richardson to Jamaica Kincaid. Her novels mostly autobiographical nature and all of her writings are in some way about her life and her family. Kincaid has described her writings are as very autobiographical. Through her writings Kincaid tells the nature of the family relationships and homesickness. Her most recent books are My Garden (book), Talk Stories a collection of her New Yorker writings and My Favorite Plant, a collection of writing on gardens. She was gardener, novelist, essayist, and gardening writer. Her writing explores colonial discrimination, gender, racism, mother-daughter relationships and nature based themes. Caribbean fiction can be very useful to convey the messages of black people and their sufferings. Here also we discuss the sufferings of that people who longing for their identity especially the narrator of the novel Mr. Potter.
 
Women and Nationalism: A Study of Manju Kapur’s Novels
Get PDFThe paper will examine the nationalist perspectives of women in the novels Difficult Daughters and A Married Woman by Manju Kapur. It will also present the issues in the Pre- independence India and post- independence India. The focus is to understand and analyse the representation of women in Indian Nationalism by focusing on the active participation, ideology and resolution of social conflicts in presenting the idea of love for the nation. The embattled narrative of secular nationalism in A Married Woman encourages communal harmony and condemns the ideological entrenchment based on religion. On the other hand Difficult Daughters highlights the elevated and involved role of women as a leader of the freedom movement. It challenges the traditional roles of women and projects women as equal to men . It also magnify the role of single woman Sakuntala ,who seeks to contribute for the nation by refraining from the constructed role of women.  
Caste and Class Intersection: Protest and Re-assessment in Tagore’s Plays
Get PDFThe paper analyses caste and class intersections in Rabindranath Tagore’s Plays. He was a staunch believer in the equality of all beings. As a person and as a writer he had strong views about the abominable practice of untouchability. The paper discusses three powerful plays written by Tagore namely, Chandalika, Natir Puja and Sanyasi dealing with the theme of untouchability. His sensitive handling of the curse of untouchabilty lends these plays their power. Tagore was against discrimination based on caste, class, and gender and he opined that the oppressed must not yield to injustice. In these three plays he portrays characters that belong to lower strata of society but they show extraordinary courage to fight injustice
The Genealogy of the Subaltern Representation beyond Theory
Get PDFThe term subaltern is often understood in the light of history. Subaltern is an old term that designated the workingclass people but subaltern as a theory came into light with the introduction of collective project by a group of South Asian scholars. It is a trend of writing history that emerged in India around 1980s. Subaltern study is about the history of ignored history; history of socio-cultural development and the history of nation as well as about the process of globalization. Subaltern Study concerns the participation of the masses that were subsided and marginalized from a larger discourse and often misrepresented in general discussion due to socio-economic and ideological grounds. Otherwise stated, it is about the history of silenced and neglect. In South Asian context, it is more often seen as a benefaction of colonialism, while in western context it designates affairs of social and cultural hierarchy. The term deals with oblivious absence of the people and the undermining of their consciousness, aspirations and cultural values from the larger structure of history writing. The paper explores the historical representations of Subaltern mass and tries to comprehend the process by which the subalterns are being produced at the first place