Jozac Publishers [JP] (former JFP Publishers) (E-Journals)
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African traditional system of government and its efficacy in governance: A comparative analysis of Idomaland Ojira and Igboland Aladinma/Oha
Get PDFEmerging trends in governance particularly in post-Colonial Africa have continued to show a display of a high level of inefficiency in the adopted and practiced Western system of government. While much has been suggested as lead factors for these inefficiencies, little or nothing has been done concerning the strangeness of these adopted European systems of Government in Africa. This paper examines the two traditional systems of governance: Ojira and Aladinma/Oha to explore their differences, practices, and efficiency in the administration of pre-colonial Idomaland/Igboland of present-day Nigeria. Adopting the use of historical qualitative methodology, this paper holds that: although these pre-colonial African systems of governance had their challenges, their efficacy in administering the populace before European incursion cannot be overemphasized. To this end, the paper suggests that rather than continue in these European-styled systems of governance that have led Africans nowhere, attempts should be made to incorporate the indigenous African system of governance into modern government to increase and accelerate good governance and development
Impacts of Xenophobia and Nativism on Pan-Africanism in Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean
Get PDFXenophobia and Nativism are among the main obstacles that are beleaguering Africa’s unity and progress. The early African leaders, particularly, during decolonisation process, nursed and developed an ambitious strategy of coordination and cooperation by designing a platform of uniting all black race across the world. Unfortunately, misrule, misgovernance and myriads of political and socioeconomic issues strangled the Pan-African Movement. This is perceived in terms of the upheavals in Xenophobia and Nativism across the three Continents. This study examined the impacts of Xenophobia and Nativism on the Pan-African movement in Africa, the Caribbean and Latin America. The study is a descriptive theoretical and also an empirical analysis of the causes, manifestations and effects of Xenophobia on a universal declaration of the black world unity taking the three continents which have an umbilical cord of fraternal ancestry. A qualitative phenomenological paradigm was used in data collection and analysis. Documented sources including books, journal articles, reports, media and internet sources were consulted while thematic content analysis was deployed for analysis. The study explored some groundbreaking issues and emerging ones on the role played by Xenophobia and Nativism in hindering the successful movement and expansion of Pan-Africanism across Africa, the Caribbean and Latin America. A comparative nature and dimension of the issues were discovered across the three case studies. Practical policy implications were presented on how to surmount the challenge and propel ahead for a most workable Pan-Africanism and by extension, for universal prosperity of the black nations in the 21st century and beyond
Ghanaian teachers’ perception on their readiness in implementing the standard-based curriculum
Get PDFThe Ministry of Education through the National Council for Curriculum and Assessment designed the Standard-based Curriculum in 2018 in response to current trends in education which aligned with 21st-century skills. This study focused on establishing teachers’ readiness to efficiently use teaching strategies employed in Ghana’s Standard-based curriculum to achieve the ultimate outcome of learners’ lifelong learning. The readiness of teachers was built on the variables; pedagogical knowledge and abilities of teachers, continuous professional development of teachers, and availability of teaching and learning resources. With a sample size of 400 teachers across Ghana, the study adopted a convergence mixed method model. The study found that only 44.2% of teachers were fully ready in implementing the Standard-based Curriculum after four years of implementation. Teachers largely acknowledged the importance of the curriculum and its influence on learning outcomes for learners when fully used. However, lack of teaching and learning resources and insufficient teacher professional training hinders effective teaching and learning
Gain or loss frames: An assessment of vernacular radio programme in framing of risk about type 2 diabetes
Get PDFResearch has demonstrated that gain framing of risk about diseases is more preferable to loss framing. People are more likely to take preventive measure since gain frames emphasize the benefits of adopting suggested behaviour as opposed to loss frames which focus on the consequences of failing to adopt suggested behaviour. Accordingly, this paper proposes to assess how a leading vernacular radio station framed type 2 diabetes risks in terms of gain or loss frames. This was done by examining recorded audio from a radio health programme dabbed ‘Miya Ngima.’ Type 2 diabetes, accounts for about 90% of all diabetes cases in Kenya. The diseases’ prevalence is particularly on the rise besides low awareness levels. This is despite various programmes put in place towards reducing the diseases’ prevalence rates and increasing awareness; hence the basis of this study. The study used Framing Theory’s in understanding how messages are constructed by Miya Ngima programme. Descriptive research designs were applied in the study. The study population consisted of 13 Miya Ngima programmes and one Miya Ngima programme host. Purposive sampling was used to select 2 Miya Ngima programmes on type 2 diabetes and 1 Miya Ngima programme host. Structured interviews were used to collect data from Miya Ngima programme host. Coding sheets were used to get data from Miya Ngima programmes. Qualitative data was subjected to thematic analysis. Results were presented in text formats. The findings revealed that; Miya Ngima did not frame its messages targeting prevention of type 2 diabetes appropriately
Muted conspiracy: The (Mis) representation of the Dibia institution in Nollywood
Get PDFThe Igbo of South East Nigeria has played significant roles in Nollywood - the film industry in Nigeria. Nollywood is peopled by a fair percentage of the Igbo in sensitive positions. Hence, Nollywood films easily attempt to portray aspects of Igbo culture, tradition and worldview. Bearing this in mind, it becomes worrisome that many traditional Igbo institutions and philosophical standings are grossly misrepresented in many Nollywood as if this is a silent attempt to join the conspiracy to erode every important aspect of the African life in general and those of the Igbo in particular. One of such institutions so badly represented in Nollywood is the dibia Institution. This work looks at the image of the dibia institution in Nollywood with a view to assessing its representation in that film industry. This is approached through documentary research and content analysis of selected Nollywood films. Findings of the work show that there are gross misrepresentations of the dibia institutions in Nollywood especially in areas such as none categorization, costume/make-up, shrine depiction, application of effects, and depicting the dibia as jobless people. The dibia took care of a bulk of the needs of the Igbo people long before the coming of the colonial master and still does same for some persons. The work concludes by admonishing Nollywood filmmakers to attempt to abandon their stereotyped image of the dibia in Igbo cosmology and conduct research on the dibia institution and use the instrument of film to re-tell our stories and set records straight
Societal malfeasance as a survival strategy in Henry Leopold Belgam’s Erebie
Get PDFThe good, the bad, and the ugly, in the society are reflected in drama through the playwright who mirrors the society. This study examines societal malfeasances explored in Bellgam’s Erebie through contextual interpretation. Such societal malfeasances include Child Labour, Ritual Killing and Corruption. The study is hinged on the Rational Choice Theory of George Homas which states that actions of individuals in society reflect the sum of the choices made by them. It is supported by the Functionalist Theory of Emile Durkheim, also known as Structural Functional Theory which sees the society as a structure with interrelated parts, designed to meet the biological and social needs of the individual in that society. The study agrees with Durkheim that society is a complex phenomenon which must coexist as whole, with each individual striving to uphold the shared values and symbols while the Rational Theory of Homas allows an individual to make a choice that he thinks is sensible, depending on the prevalent circumstances, which will enable him to better his present condition. Conclusively, the choice of the two theories justifies the complex world we live in and the rational decisions we make believing to reap rationally from such choices. Unfortunately, such choices or decisions may not lead to the realization of our expectations. Again, actions of some of the components of the society which derail from societal norms to the detriment of such society become cogs in the wheel of progress of such society. The study recommends that people should be cautioned from indulging in societal malfeasance while government should strive to provide favourable conditions for her citizens aimed at reducing the poverty level in the country, and to encourage her citizens to abstain from the identified societal malfeasances
A critical discourse analysis of selected political interviews in Nigerian news media
Get PDFSeveral studies have been carried out on political discourse using different linguistic approaches of Pragmatics, Critical Discourse Analysis, Stylistics as well as implicature. However, little attention has been given to the blend of Critical Discourse Analysis and rhetoric as a means to unravel different ideological stances in political discourse. Thus, this paper investigated how ideological beliefs of individuals or groups were conveyed through linguistic expressions to manipulate those of others in political interviews of Nigerian politicians. A total of two (2) interviews conducted by Channels Television were randomly selected. The data for the study were video files downloaded from the official YouTube page of the Channel Tv station and were transcribed so as to draw out relevant extracts. van Dijk’s 2006 socio cognitive aspects of Critical Discourse Analysis and rhetoric were used as its theoretical framework. Findings revealed that ideology is an individual’s perception or experience of the world. It also revealed that the interviewees in the selected interviews deployed language as a strategy of domination and supremacy by exploiting lexical items and strong imperatives which allow them to impose their views on others. Commonly, it was found that they created asymmetrical power relations of privileged ‘we’, ‘us’ and less privileged ‘they’, ‘them’ through positive self-presentation of us and negative other presentation of them. It was also revealed that certain rhetorical and ideological strategies such as actor description, polarisation, burden, categorisation, comparison, consensus, populism, vagueness and appeal to emotions among others present in the selected political interviews are implicitly used to project different ideological positions of the politicians
Mapping the distribution of euphemisms across taboo themes in Swahili
Get PDFEuphemisms are vital elements of language, especially in polite speech training, tracing language change and use. Hence, the lack of studies on the distribution of euphemisms in Swahili denied stakeholders knowledge of what Swahili speakers consider sensitive and less sensitive. In this regard, the current study determined the distribution of Swahili euphemisms by taboo themes. The data were collected from 384 Swahili speakers using a questionnaire. The euphemisms were categorised by taboo themes, whereas the ranking was based on the volume of euphemisms per theme. The finding reveals that the theme of “dead body” had the highest concentration of taboo phrases, followed by themes of “burial” and “farting." The least euphemised themes in Swahili are “female sexual organ," "semen," and “orgasm." The hierarchy implies that speakers should trade carefully on topics of dead body, burial, and farting in Swahili communication. Contrarily, relaxation is permitted in conversations around sexual organs, semen and orgasm in the Swahili culture. The findings might be useful to native people who are upbringing their children according to the Swahili culture, diplomats and orienters of foreigners in the Swahili culture.
Setting up an academic journal: Some essential steps
Get PDFIt has been the expressed desire of many educational or research organizations/institutions to create and have a functional and recognized indexed academic journal. This short academic opinion gives an introduction to what an academic journal is and is not, and some essential steps to take to create and maintain a functional and recognized indexed academic journal. It is concluded that every educational or research organization/institution that has not had a functional and recognized indexed academic journal should not only crave but also start the process of having one by following the highlighted steps
Kleptocracy and Nigerian politics: A reflection on the fourth republic
Get PDFKleptocracy scores high in weakening rule of law and undermining the development of the global south. Despite different anti-corruption measures by nation-states, political evil continuously assumes a political culture. Kleptocracy consists of embezzling and stealing public funds and resources for selfish profits (consumption and glorification). In Nigeria particularly the fourth republic, political offices have turned to channels for unchecking sources of riches to both oneself and family members. Political elites take turn engaging in siphoning, embezzling, stealing, looting, and diverting public funds which create a kind of political culture where feeding fat on the states’ treasuries become the order of the day. This significantly results in an economic mess, underdevelopment, unimaginable sufferings and a thriving environment for penuries, particularly in Nigeria. To achieve the purpose of this study, interpretivism approach was used to analyse previous literature on the meaning, features and consequences of kleptocracy in society. The incidences of embezzlement and looting of public resources of the fourth Nigerian republic were investigated. The study finds that kleptocracy is politically evil because it undermines human dignity by recreating poverty and corruption. It recommends that to eradicate the practice from Nigerian politics, honest yearly assets declarations should form a bedrock for every public officeholder