Jozac Publishers [JP] (former JFP Publishers) (E-Journals)
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Bacterial conjunctivitis: clinical features, types and complications; a systematic review
Full text linkBacterial conjunctivitis is an eye illness with inflammatory conjunctiva conditions. Neonatorum conjunctivitis was first discovered in 1750 by Quellmaz. In this article, an effective systematic study intends to provide an overview of etiology, prevalence, types with their treatments, diagnosis, and complications that are associated with bacterial conjunctivitis. The researchers have searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and other significant medical journal databases. The systematic review conducted on bacterial conjunctivitis yielded some significant findings and recommendations for future research. The review highlights the significance of comprehending the causes and occurrence of bacterial conjunctivitis. Future studies should prioritize the investigation of developing trends in bacterial strains that cause conjunctivitis, as well as the assessment of variations in prevalence among different populations and geographical regions. The systematic investigation classifies bacterial conjunctivitis into hyper acute, acute, and chronic forms depending on the severity of the symptoms, as well as subtypes such as purulent and mucopurulent conjunctivitis. This review conclude that bacterial conjectivitis can be cured by using antibiotic while extensive use of systemic antibiotics has induced maximal resistance in bacteria that cause ocular infections like conjunctivitis, keratitis, and other related eye illnesses
Effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy for the treatment of psychological distress among the youth
Full text linkPsychological distress affects people of all ages and most especially the youth. Its implications on young people who are early adults are quite enormous and felt heavily in all aspects of their lives. To manage psychological distress, psychotherapy is always recommended for the youth’s optimal personal and social adjustment. Among many types of psychotherapy, the Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is the most indicated for psychological distress because it is an evidence-based treatment. However, there is scarcity of psychotherapeutic package for managing psychological treatment among the youth considering their unique developmental tasks and experiences in life. The objective of this study was to prepare a treatment package for the management of psychological distress among the youth for sustainable counselling interventions towards personal and social adjustment. Case study research design was chosen for the purpose of the study. This choice was informed by the nature of the study which is qualitative. A brief CBT, a treatment package in eight sessions, was developed for managing psychological distress for young people between 20 and 35 years who may be in school, married, unmarried, self-employed, paid workers, clergy, and other walks of life. Based on the present study, CBT is a best remedy for the treatment of psychological distress among the youth which has great promise for good quality of life and all round ideal functioning among young people. Hence, it is recommended to counselling psychologists, including adolescents and youth counsellors and pastoral counsellors, governments, non-governmental organisations, correctional centres, and researchers
Isolation and physicochemical characterization of starch from Marama Beans (Tylosema Esculentum)
Full text linkOne of the most popular types of beans grown in South Africa is Marama bean seeds (Tylosema esculentum) which are still widely underused although it is being consumed by the local population. To determine its qualities and assess its appropriateness for application in various sectors, starch was isolated from the plant\u27s seeds and subjected to physicochemical characterization. Starch was isolated from the seeds using the crushing method along with sodium metabisulphite to prevent fermentation. Physicochemical parameters were determined using standard procedures and amylose / amylopectin ratio evaluated using the UV method by comparison with a standard. The starch was physically and chemically characterized, and it was found to have physicochemical values as follows – gelatinization temperature 64 ℃; foam capacity 6%; bulk density 0.769 gcm-3; emulsion capacity 38%; pH 7.77; water holding capacity 21.67%; tapped density 0.857 gcm-3; browning temperature range 235.2 – 256.0 ℃; charring temperature range 271.9 – 287.3 ℃. At 95 ℃, the starch percentage solubility was 3.5%, and the swelling power was 11.059. Tylosema esculentum starch was found to be made up of 73.523 % amylopectin and 26.477 % amylose. Given that its qualities favorably compare with those of starch used in industries especially the pharmaceutical sector, the varied physicochemical parameters results of starch isolated from Tylosema esculentum demonstrated potentials as a promising starch source for use in industries like the pharmaceutical, food, paper and textile as a biomaterial
Evaluation of the physico-chemical properties of Niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass) seeds and oil
Full text linkThe focus of agricultural research has been on staple crops, with little on underutilized species. One such is Guizotia abyssinica (Niger), a vibrant herbaceous plant with striking yellow flowers from the Asteraceae family. This study analysed the nutraceutical properties of G. abyssinica seeds and oil, via standard analytical methods. Comprehensive analysis revealed a balanced nutritional profile with significant protein (6.7%) and lipid (26%) content. Essential minerals (K: 3.071 mg/g, Fe: 0.110 mg/g, Ca: 11.890 mg/g, and Mg: 1.371 mg/g) were identified, highlighting their nutritional value. Linoleic acid dominated the oil’s fatty acid profile (74.608%), followed by traumatic acid (5.019%) and palmitic acid (3.692%). The oil exhibited favourable properties (high iodine value: 200.5 g I2/100g, low acidity: 2.2 mg KOH/g) and strong antioxidant activity (IC50 = 6.953 mg/ml). Various bioactive compounds, including saponins, alkaloids, and phenols were identified. Spectrophotometric properties, including a UV-Visible ƛmax of 340 nm and strong FTIR peaks at 1742.59 cm-1 (carbonyl stretching), and at 2360.35 cm-1 and 2852.68 cm-1 (suggesting the existence of alkynes and alkanes), provide reference spectra for quality assessment. These findings emphasize the nutritional significance of G. abyssinica seeds, suggesting application s in food science, nutrition, and allied industry as well as its chemical composition contributing to understanding this underexplored plant
Assessing the influence of job stress on mental health and work behaviour of nurses at Yobe State University Teaching Hospital Damaturu, Nigeria
Full text linkThis study aimed to investigate the influence of job stressors on the mental health and work behavior of nurses at Yobe State University Teaching Hospital Damaturu, Nigeria. Two research hypotheses were formulated corresponding to the study\u27s objectives. The research design employed was cross-sectional reserach design. The study population consisted of 125 nurses. Data collection utilized an adopted questionnaire with a reliability index of .76. Analysis of the collected data was conducted using the Chi-square test. The findings indicated that job stress significantly influence the mental health and work behavior of nurses at Yobe State University Teaching Hospital Damaturu. Consequently, based on these findings and the conclusions drawn from the study, it is recommended that nurses\u27 knowledge and skills be regularly updated through in-service training, workshops, and seminars. Nurses should participate in seminars and workshops focusing on areas such as human behavior, resource management, interpersonal relationships, stress management, and crisis response
Uhusika katika lugha ya Kiswahili
Full text linkThis study explores Case Semantics in linguistics, specifically in the Swahili language. The concept of Case Semantics deals with how noun phrases function in a sentence and its relation to the verb. Case Semantics is integral in everyday language use and many at times language users encounter it unconsciously. The concept of case semantics coincides with many areas of linguistics such as; Semantics, syntax, phonology, and even morphology. The main focus of this study are; to explicit the concept of case semantics in Kiswahili according to different scholars and linguists with our inputs factored in, to highlight the types of case semantics that exist in the Kiswahili language, and finally to explain their importance and recommendations. The main data used is secondary data that was collected from library and online articles. Questionnaires and interviews were also used to obtain sufficient data to justify the outcome of this study. The types of case semantics that were identified are the; agent, patient, instrument, result, force, goal, cause, location, range, and material case semantics. This study outcome proves case semantics as an important concept in learning language skills in a way that; it enables the language user to recognize the importance of the case semantics in Swahili language, to know its correct use, and thus avoid its incorrect use. In addition, the identification of the case helps the scholar and language researcher to know other language concepts that are close or related to case semantics such as clauses and phrases.
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Utafiti huu unaangazia Uhusika katika lugha ya Kiswahili. Dhana ya uhusika ni dhana inayopambanua majukumu ya nomino katika sentensi na uhusiano wake na vitenzi. Watumizi wa lugha wanatagusana na kutumia uhusika kwenye sehemu kubwa ya matamshi na maandishi ya lugha kila siku na wakati bila hata kutambua. Dhana ya uhusika inajipenyeza kwenye mawanda mengi ya isimu kama vile; Semantiki, sintaksia, fonolojia na hata mofolojia. Utafiti huu unaazimia kufafanua maana ya dhana ya uhusika kulingana na wanaisimu mbalimbali mchango wetu ukiwemo, kuweka wazi aina za uhusika ambao unapatikana katika lugha ya Kiswahili na mwisho kabisa kueleza umuhimu wa uhusika katika lugha ya Kiswahili pamoja na mapendekezo. Data msingi iliyotumiwa kwenye utafiti huu ni data ya sekondari ambayo ilitafitiwa maktabani na kwenye makala ya mitandaoni. Hojaji na dodosa pia zilitumiwa ili kupata data ya kutosheleza kutetea matokeo ya utafiti huu. Aina ya uhusika ambao ulitambuliwa na kushughulikiwa ni pamoja na uhusika wa mtenda, mtendwa, mtendewa, ala, tokeo, nguvu, lengo, chanzo, mahali, mapito na malighafi. Matokeo yanabaini kuwa uhusika una umuhimu mkubwa sana kwenye stadi ya isimu kama vile; Kumwezesha mtumizi wa lugha kutambua uhusika ulioko kwenye lugha ya Kiswahili, kujua matumizi yake sahihi na hivyo kuepuka kuutumia visivyo. Zaidi ya haya yote, utambuzi wa uhusika humsaidia msomi na mtafiti wa lugha kujua istilahi na dhana zingine za lugha ambazo zinaambatana ama kukaribiana na uhusika kama vile virai na vishazi
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of COVID-19 safety protocols in Taraba State, Nigeria
Full text linkCOVID-19 infodemic took centre-stage in global efforts towards containing the pandemic. Due to novelty of the virus, it became obligatory for experts and relevant agencies to enlighten the public on the nature of the virus as well as the safety protocols that must be adopted to contend its spread and enhance positive behavioural traits. It is against this backdrop, that this study examines the knowledge, attitude, and practices of COVID-19 safety protocol among residents of Taraba State, Nigeria. Data were generated using a cross-sectional survey where 332 respondents were administered questionnaire via cluster sampling technique across the three senatorial districts of the state. Findings reveal high level of knowledge and awareness of COVID-19 safety protocols courtesy of sustained sensitization from conventional and informal channels of communication. However, attitudes of the people towards the safety protocols were not commensurate to the level of awareness, a factor that is attributable to the predominance of fake news and conspiracy theories about the pandemic that were popularized mostly through informal sources which consequently undermined government’s efforts in fighting the virus. The study concludes that although COVID-19 awareness was widespread, most people got their information from informal channels that contained a high dose of fake news and misinformation. To this end, the study recommends that government and its agents should diversify communication channels and evolve a people-oriented strategy that will recognise the popular channels of information among the people, and not just rely on conventional media channels
Recycling Cocoa Pod Particleboards for furniture in Ghana
Full text linkGhana is the second leading producer of cocoa in the world after Cote d’Ivoire. Cocoa production has been the mainstay of the Ghanaian economy and today cocoa continuous to be Ghana’s main agricultural export commodity and an important contributor to Ghana’s foreign exchange earnings and GDP. Greater volumes of waste are however generated annually resulting from these annual high yields and pose serious environmental challenges to the farmers and other inhabitants in the cocoa growing areas. The study investigated the possibilities of using these cocoa pod husk that usually go waste, to produce particleboard as a substitute of solid wood for furniture in Ghana by mixing cocoa pod particles (4,500ml) with polyvinyl acetate (1,500ml), cassava starch (2,500ml) and water (1000ml). The researchers adopted a qualitative research approach for the study to probe the participants’ knowledge about particleboards. A combination of exploratory, descriptive, and experimental methods was employed in the study. Purposive and snowball sampling techniques were used to interview 25 respondents who comprised 15 cocoa farmers and 10 particle board users. Findings revealed that adequate mixtures of the materials in the right proportions can produce low density boards that support the furniture industry
Social studies teachers’ knowledge base on community resources usage towards teaching and learning: A case study of senior high schools in the Komenda Edina Eguafo Abirem (KEEA) Municipality
Full text linkThis study analysed the knowledge base of senior high school Social Studies teachers on using community resources for teaching and learning within the Komenda Edina Eguafo Abirem (KEEA) Municipality. The study employed a qualitative design, examining multiple cases and adopting a constructivist philosophy. It facilitated the exploration of teachers’ integration, access, and perception of these resources within their teaching and learning processes. A semi-structured interview guide was used to collect data from 18 participants, providing the study with a clear insight into the educational significance of community resources to facilitate instructional delivery. The data analysis was done by selecting the varied and uncovering the coding experience. Educators generally actively seek information from various sources, including colleagues and the internet, and recognise the role of community resources in enhancing civic awareness, critical thinking, and student engagement. Community resources also suggest that educational curriculum developers and policymakers integrate approaches supporting community-based learning into their Social Studies curriculum, as this helps enhance engagement and relevance. A professional development program is recommended to equip participants with the skills to utilise the community\u27s resources efficiently and effectively, thereby stimulating students’ learning
Artificial intelligence and digital economy and the economic state of Nigerians
Full text linkApparently, the life of an average Nigerian is characterized by economic hardship which keeps deteriorating at a frightening rate. Against this backdrop, the central aim of this treatise is to examine the popular notion that Digital Economy is the hub of “internet fraudsters” and Artificial Intelligence will render many jobless in the nearest future; thereby compounding the their already poor economic state. The four crucial concerns that constitute the problem of this study include the skill and technological gap that characterizes Nigeria’s Digital Economy, Artificial intelligence taking over human jobs, digital fraud and biases in some AI algorithm/data. The paper is a qualitative research and relies on secondary data for its hermeneutical analysis. It deplores the critical tool of hermeneutics to interrogate these concerns and found out that, contrary to popular insinuations, Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy may not compound the nose-diving economic condition of the country. Instead, accelerated and augmented access to faster and improved quality internet, up-skilled tech literacy and aptitude pool, an effervescent start-up ecosystem, access to a wide variety investment and partnership opportunities have the incredible prospect of drastically improving the living standard of Nigerians. Therefore, the paper concludes that Artificial Intelligence and Digital economy, if creatively and reasonably deplored will better the lot of Nigerians, economically. The paper recommends general digital education for digital literacy for all Nigerians (old and young) with a bias on Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy