Ascarya Journal of Islamic Science, Culture & Social Studies
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Piagam Madinah sebagai Model Multikulturalisme Islam untuk Pengelolaan Keragaman di Indonesia
Full text linkThis research is motivated by the complexity of Indonesia\u27s social, cultural, and religious diversity, which often triggers incidents of intolerance. The aim of this study is to examine how the concept of multiculturalism implemented by Prophet Muhammad SAW in the Charter of Medina can serve as a model for managing diversity in Indonesia. This research employs a qualitative method with a library research approach. Data were collected from primary sources such as the text of the Charter of Medina and classical historical texts, as well as secondary sources including journals, books, and previous relevant studies. Data collection was conducted through documentation, and the analysis used content analysis techniques with descriptive and comparative approaches. The findings indicate that the Charter of Medina embodies multicultural principles that ensure equal rights, freedom of religion, and inter-community cooperation, including the protection of minority groups. The charter successfully unified the plural and conflict-prone society of Medina into an organized and peaceful community. The conclusion of this study is that the values within the Charter of Medina can serve as an inspirational model for managing diversity in Indonesia, particularly in strengthening tolerance, social harmony, and national unity. This study recommends further research to explore the implementation of these values in public policy and multicultural education in Indonesia
Pendidikan Agama Islam Sebagai Landasan Filosofis Dalam Membentuk Karakter Manusia Di Era Society 5.0
Full text linkThis study explores the strategic role of Islamic Religious Education (IRE) as a philosophical foundation in shaping human character in the Society 5.0 era. Amid globalization and rapid technological advancement, religious values are often marginalized or distorted. This research aims to analyze Surah Al-Baqarah verse 129 as a foundation for developing a relevant and applicable IRE curriculum in modern times. The method used is library research, focusing on analyzing literature related to Islamic education, character development, and the integration of Islamic and general sciences. The findings highlight three key pillars emphasized in the verse: strengthening faith (aqidah), teaching the Qur’an and Sunnah, and purification of the soul. These components are essential in shaping morally upright and intellectually capable individuals. The study also reveals that technological integration, holistic approaches, and lifelong learning are critical strategies for addressing challenges in contemporary Islamic education. By adopting Surah Al-Baqarah:129 as a philosophical foundation, IRE can foster a generation that is ethical, tolerant, and globally competitive without losing its spiritual identity
Moderate and Non-Moderate Discursive Tendencies in Kitab Kuning
Full text linkPesantren and their Kitab Kuning tradition are widely framed as pillars of religious moderation in Indonesia, yet this dominant narrative often overlooks the internal diversity and ambivalence of classical juridical and theological discourses. This study critically reexamines the assumption that Kitab Kuning teaching uniformly produces moderate Islam by analyzing how moderate and non-moderate statements coexist within authoritative texts and how their vocabularies and epistemological orientations shape interpretations in plural societies. Using qualitative content analysis, the authors reviewed a corpus of widely used pesantren editions and purposively selected classical works that explicitly contain statements on tolerance, exclusion, and delegitimization, focusing on Fath al-Mu‘in, I‘ānat al-Thalibin, al-Majmu‘ Sharh al-Muhadhdhab, Sharh Sahih Muslim, and Kifayat al-Akhyar (with complementary reference to other texts). Textual segments were coded as “moderate” when they acknowledged legitimate plurality or used inclusive legal language, and as “non-moderate” when they employed categorical delegitimation (e.g., heresy or unbelief). The interpretation was then situated within historical and epistemological frames (bayani, ‘irfani, burhani) and reread for contemporary relevance. Results show two recurring and systematic patterns: inclusive-juridical markers such as qala fulan/qila, khilafan, qaulani, wajh/aujuh that normalize disagreement and epistemic openness, and exclusionary markers such as bid‘ah qabihah/munkarah, ahl al-dalalah, la yashihhu, and kufr that invalidate practices or groups (including intra-madhhab and inter-madhhab exclusions and condemnations of certain ritual innovations and beliefs). Exclusionary judgments appeared predominantly in strongly bayani-oriented fiqh and theological formulations, whereas pluralizing vocabularies were more frequent in ‘irfani or burhani tendencies. The findings imply that moderation in pesantren is not inherent in Kitab Kuning but emerges through selective, critical, and contextual reading. Religious moderation programs should therefore strengthen critical hermeneutics and reader responsibility. The study is limited by selective sampling and does not comprehensively map socio-political contestations
Implementasi Program Affiliate Shopee sebagai Strategi Pemasaran Digital Produk Obat Hewan Ternak: Studi Kasus PT Cipta Ternak Sehat Indonesia
Full text linkThe development of e-commerce has encouraged companies to adopt digital marketing through marketplaces to reach consumers more widely, quickly, and efficiently, including livestock medicine products that require accurate information regarding safety, benefits, and proper use. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Shopee Affiliate Program as a digital marketing strategy at PT Cipta Ternak Sehat Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design to understand the process, context, and dynamics of program implementation in the company, with data reinforcement through various sources such as interviews, observations, and documentation, as well as monitoring performance metrics (clicks, orders, and commissions) available on the platform. The results show that implementation began with affiliate registration, selection of priority products relevant to farmers\u27 needs, management of promotional performance, and monitoring of content compliance with company policies and image. The promotional strategy emphasized creative and educational content—video reviews, educational videos on usage, product photos, and infographics—which helped reduce consumer uncertainty and increased understanding of technical/medical products. The affiliate program expands market reach through third-party networks, increases product visibility in Shopee search results and recommendations, and has the potential to drive sales growth. The main advantage lies in the performance-based marketing mechanism, which increases cost efficiency because commissions are paid when a validated sale occurs, while strengthening trust through electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) that arises from interactions, comments, and reviews. A key challenge is monitoring the accuracy of claims, which requires companies to have content guidelines, strengthen product knowledge, and conduct regular briefings to prevent exaggerated claims that risk violating animal health regulations. This study concludes that Shopee Affiliate is effective and relevant for livestock drug marketing, with the implication that success depends on selecting the right affiliates and managing the content and customer experience. This study did not receive any external funding, and the authors declare no conflicts of interest
The Role of Fiscal Policy in Encouraging Investment with Reference to the Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Full text linkInvestment plays a crucial role in national economies worldwide, serving as a fundamental driver of economic development and influencing multiple economic variables. Nations across the globe find themselves in fierce competition to attract foreign and domestic investment through various tools and strategies designed to stimulate and maintain investment flows. Among these instruments, fiscal policy stands out as one of the most significant mechanisms for encouraging investment attraction. This policy holds considerable importance within the broader framework of economic policies due to its substantial capacity to achieve national economic objectives. The present study examines how fiscal policy influences investment promotion, with particular focus on the Kurdistan Region of Iraq as a case study. Using descriptive, historical, and analytical research approaches, this investigation explores the intricate relationship between fiscal policy instruments—particularly taxation and public expenditure policies—and their effectiveness in fostering investment. The findings reveal that fiscal policy significantly impacts investment decisions through various channels including tax incentives, infrastructure development spending, and supportive financial measures. However, the Kurdistan Region confronts numerous challenges that impede effective investment attraction, including its heavy reliance on oil revenues, ongoing financial difficulties, and ambiguous economic policy frameworks. The study concludes with comprehensive recommendations for implementing strategic fiscal reforms, establishing clear investment promotion strategies, and developing transparent economic governance structures to transform the region\u27s economy from its current single-resource dependency toward a more diversified and sustainable economic model
Critical Review of Halal Industry Policy in Indonesia
Full text linkIndonesia, with the world\u27s largest Muslim population, has seen significant growth in its halal industry driven by increasing awareness of Islamic ethical values and government initiatives. However, the regulatory framework governing halal certification remains fragmented and complex, leading to implementation challenges and legal uncertainty. This study critically examines Indonesia\u27s halal industry policies, focusing on the Halal Product Assurance (JPH) Law and its alignment with Islamic principles of halal (permissible) and thayyib (wholesome). Employing a qualitative approach, this study analyzes legal documents and the existing literature to identify regulatory overlaps, institutional inefficiencies, and barriers for small and medium enterprises. The findings highlight the need for harmonization of regulations, clarity on the validity period of halal certificates, and improved coordination among government agencies. The study also evaluates the effectiveness of policies in achieving compliance, consumer trust, and socioeconomic benefits, revealing persistent gaps and inconsistencies in enforcement. By contextualizing the JPH framework within Gustav Radbruch\u27s legal philosophy, this study underscores the importance of balancing legal certainty, expediency, and justice. The study concludes that comprehensive improvements in Indonesia\u27s halal industry policies have the potential to enhance consumer confidence, product competitiveness, and the country\u27s position as a global halal industry hub, while emphasizing the need for further empirical research to refine the understanding of the underlying Islamic values and sociocultural dynamics
The Impact of Parental Verbal Abuse on Adolescent Decision-Making in North Binjai, Indonesia
Full text linkVerbal abuse by parents can significantly affect adolescents\u27 decision-making abilities. This qualitative study investigated the experiences of five adolescents aged 16-20 years in North Binjai, Indonesia who were subjected to verbal violence by their parents. Using Simon\u27s Decision-Making Model, this study explored how cognitive, emotional, and self-confidence factors interact with parenting styles and cultural norms to shape adolescents\u27 decision-making process. In-depth interviews, observations, and additional documentation revealed that verbal abuse, manifested through yelling, harsh language, and belittling, has substantial negative effects on adolescents\u27 cognitive processes, emotional stability, and self-confidence. These factors are essential for effective decision making, particularly in the stages of intelligence, design, choice, and implementation. However, two of the five adolescents exhibited relatively stronger decision-making abilities, suggesting that social support, personal coping strategies, and other protective elements may help alleviate some adverse effects associated with authoritarian parenting and verbal abuse. The study highlighted the importance of evaluating and reconsidering child-rearing methods in the context of adolescent decision-making, especially in cultures where verbal abuse is often considered a "normal" form of discipline. These findings underscore the need for interventions and support systems to help adolescents develop resilience and decision-making skills in the face of verbal abuse
Pemikiran Buya Hamka tentang Aliran Kebatinan di Indonesia dan Implikasinya bagi Masyarakat Indonesia
Full text linkThis study aims to examine Buya Hamka\u27s views on the spread of mystical beliefs (kebatinan) in Indonesia and their implications for Indonesian society. The research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical and sociological approach. Data were collected through library research of Buya Hamka’s works and other related scholarly sources, then analyzed systematically to reveal his interpretation of kebatinan and his critical response to its development. The study was conducted within Universitas Darussalam Gontor\u27s academic environment without involving direct field respondents. The results indicate that, according to Hamka, kebatinan stems from the Arabic concept of “bathin” and is derived from the deviant sect of Bathiniyyah within Islamic tradition. Hamka argued that kebatinan has spread extensively, particularly in Java, and has significantly contributed to the ambiguity of religious identity, promoted syncretism, and led to the distortion and denigration of Islamic teachings. The study concludes that Hamka’s perspective represents a critical theological and sociological stance, urging the Muslim community to safeguard the purity of Islamic teachings from heterodox local influence
Religious Moderation in the Scout Movement (Gerakan Pramuka): The Role of the 2023 National Raimuna in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals Point 16
No full textAs a pluralistic nation, Indonesia continues to face challenges regarding violations of religious freedom, making strengthening religious moderation crucial to prevent extremism and build social harmony. This study analyzes the practice of religious moderation in the context of a large-scale nonformal education event, the 2023 National Raimuna of the Scout Movement, and examines its contribution to the targets of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through open-ended questionnaires, participant observation, document analysis, and reviews of official archives. The analysis was conducted inductively using source and technique triangulation. The results show that the four indicators of religious moderation were empirically realized through structured activities such as the Beranda Nusantara forum and cultural carnival, supported by event regulations that ensured inclusivity and non-violence. These practices make significant contributions to SDG 16 targets, particularly the reduction of violence (16.1), strengthening institutional accountability (16.6), inclusive participation (16.7), and non-discriminatory policies (16. b). However, the study identified several challenges, including selective recruitment mechanisms, the temporary and controlled nature of the event, the potential for hidden resistance, and logistical capacity constraints. In response, it is recommended to develop a structured module based on religious moderation indicators for local scout units (Gugus Depan), provide dialogue facilitation competency training for mentors, implement a post-event mentoring mechanism based on personal action plans, and formulate a standard operational protocol for inclusive logistics. Further quantitative and longitudinal studies are necessary to measure the long-term impact and sustainability of value internalization
Tech-Enabled Flexible Work Aligned with Islamic Values: Enhancing Employee Productivity through Work–Life Balance and the Islamic Work Ethic
Full text linkThe digital transformation following the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of technology-based flexible working arrangements. In Indonesia’s Islamic public sector, particularly within Islamic Higher Education Institutions, the implementation of flexible working arrangements remains limited due to technological constraints, bureaucratic culture, and challenges in integrating digital HR systems. Research examining the relationship between technology-based flexible working, work-life balance, and employee productivity—along with the moderating role of the Islamic work ethic—remains scarce. This study aims to investigate the effect of technology-based flexible working on employee productivity, with work-life balance as a mediating variable and the Islamic work ethic as a moderating variable. Employing a causal-correlational design and survey methodology, the study sampled 440 lecturers and educational staff from Islamic Higher Education Institutions in Indonesia, selected through simple random sampling. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS version 4.1.1.4. The results indicate that technology-based flexible work arrangements increase employee productivity but negatively impact work-life balance. Work-life balance serves as a crucial mediator bridging the relationship between flexibility and productivity. Additionally, the Islamic work ethic plays a dual role: it directly predicts work-life balance and moderates the relationship between work flexibility and balance, strengthening this association. The findings imply that organizations must do more than merely adopt technology; they must also safeguard work-life balance and internalize the Islamic work ethic to achieve sustainable productivity. Limitations of this study include its cross-sectional design and focus on the Islamic cultural context, suggesting that generalization to other sectors requires longitudinal and cross-cultural research