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College of Business Celebrates 50 Years
No full textFlyer celebrating the 50th anniversary of the College of Business at Central Washington University. Includes timeline of significant events and list of Dean\u27s. It also has a message from the Dean, Faiza Khoja.https://digitalcommons.cwu.edu/cwu_ephemera/1007/thumbnail.jp
A review of the ripple effect of parental incarceration: Suggestions for system improvement from neonatal development through adolescence
No full textParental incarceration has the potential to drastically affect the social, behavioral, and physical lives of children. Such negative impacts include prenatal and chronic health conditions, behavioral and mental health issues, developmental delays, juvenile and criminal legal system involvement, and overall declines in well-being. These damaging outcomes occur for babies delivered during their mothers’ incarceration with negative lingering effects seen throughout the lifespan. Due to the stigmatization of incarceration, these children may experience bullying, engage in isolating behaviors, and struggle within the school, which may lead to the school-to-prison pipeline. While prevention and intervention services directed at these youth could not prevent their parent’s incarceration, some programs could help reduce and mediate the negative effects of parental incarceration and specifically, mothers’ incarceration. Such approaches should begin during an incarcerated woman’s pregnancy, continue throughout the birthing process, and include the use of initiatives such as prison nursery programs. Additionally, work could extend into community-based efforts seeking initiatives to help aid at-risk youth with an incarcerated mother (or father), such as family therapy options. This non-systematic literature review outlines some of the negative impacts paternal incarceration has on children—with a heightened focus on incarcerated women, their pregnancies, and their children— along with proactive and reactive suggestions to mediate the negative outcomes
ESG Federalism: How State Regulations Shape ESG Performance
No full textThis thesis examines how state-level environmental, social, and governance (ESG) regulations influence corporate ESG performance in the United States. Using a panel dataset that combines state ESG legislation, firm-level ESG scores from S&P Global, and financial data from Compustat (2019–2024), I employ fixed-effects regression models to analyze the relationship between state ESG regulations and corporate ESG performance. The analysis incorporates firm and year fixed effects to account for unobservable heterogeneity across companies and time, while controlling for firm-specific characteristics. Additionally, the study investigates whether board gender diversity moderates this relationship. The findings contribute to the understanding of ESG policy effectiveness and whether such regulations serve as substantive mechanisms for impacting corporate sustainability
The Barriers Diverse Students Face When Pursuing Graduate School
No full textThe purpose of this archival study was to extend the existing literature concerning the challenges diverse students face when considering whether to pursue graduate school. The decision to pursue graduate education or developing aspirations to obtain a graduate degree happens through an intricate process that can be affected by many factors. In this study, six factors that aligned with Tinto’s work on college student persistence – financial concerns, academic motivation, family support, proximity, university environment, and access to mentors – were examined to determine their influence on students’ thoughts about pursuing a graduate degree. The data for this study was obtained from an archival sample of 246 students who attended a public university in the Pacific Northwest. Students were asked a variety of questions related to the six key factors. The study found that mentors and financial concerns were significant predictors of graduate aspirations among students. Consistent with previous research, students who reported more support from mentors were more likely to have thoughts of graduate school. On the other hand, students who perceived higher financial concerns were also more likely to have thoughts of graduate school. Results also revealed that both diverse and nondiverse students reported high graduate school aspirations. Additional analysis revealed that female students reported higher financial concerns. There were no statistically significant effects for race/ethnicity and no significant interactions for gender and race/ethnicity
Temporal Constraints of Tectonic Events in the Southern Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica From Geomorphic Analysis
No full textNew geomorphic assessments in the Southern Transantarctic Mountains (TAM) provide insight into the relative timing of tectonic and climatic events. This study uses bedrock and surface data to recognize and analyze landscape modifications using slope aspect, elevation, and relief, and to evaluate topographic features in drainage networks. Three processes have modified the TAM surface throughout the TAM’s history: fluvial, tectonic, and glacial. The relationship of observed geomorphic features unique to each process allows us to determine the relative timing of each modification. Variations in the degree of glacial erosion across the TAM reveal fluvial geomorphology that is minimally modified from ice. Digital Elevation Models of the TAM show extensive escarpments along the putative range front faults from the West Antarctic Rift System (WARS). We see evidence of high elevation before widespread glaciation and rifting in preserved subglacial drainage patterns. With the above observations, we interpret that there was a region of high elevation prior to widespread glaciation and Cenozoic WARS rifting, most likely from uplift related to lithospheric foundering
Zircon Age and Oxidation State Estimates for Plutons Spatially Associated with Mineral Deposits Along the Kettle Detachment Fault in the Orient Quadrangle, Northeastern Washington
No full textCritical minerals are essential to national security, economic stability, and the transition to clean energy, making them a priority in geologic research and exploration. To better understand the magmatic conditions associated with critical mineral concentration, zircon, a recorder of magmatic history, was analyzed using U-Pb geochronology and trace element geochemistry. The analyses were conducted via LASS-ICP-MS on ten plutonic samples from the Orient quadrangle in northeastern Washington and one sample from the Adams Mountain and Hunter (AMH) quadrangles to constrain the geological processes leading to ore deposit formation, including tungsten (W). This region, cut by the Kettle Detachment fault, is known for its economic mineral occurrences and inactive mines, such as the Talisman mine, making it an ideal area for studying ore-forming processes and evaluating future resource benefaction. Samples collected from the hanging wall of the Kettle Detachment fault include the Barstow granodiorite (OR1: 103.8 ± 0.3 Ma), a mafic intrusive near Kettle Falls (OR2: 51.3 ± 0.2 Ma), the Orient granite (OR5: 51.5 ± 0.2 Ma), an intermediate intrusive near Fifteen Mile Creek Pluton (OR7: 51.3 ± 0.3 Ma), a granite porphyry from the Fifteen Mile Creek Pluton (OR8: 51.2 ± 0.2 Ma), a Deep Creek biotite quartz monzonite (OR9: 51.5 ± 0.2 Ma), and a quartz monzonite near the Germania Mine in the AMH quadrangles (CC36: 104.2 ± 0.7 Ma) . The footwall ix samples include a pegmatite intruding through pre-Tertiary paragneiss and marble (OR12: 85.1 ± 0.2 Ma), an equigranular orthogneiss (OR16: 108.1 ± 0.4 Ma), and Kerry Creek quartz monzonite (OR17: 51.8 ± 0.2 Ma). The hanging wall samples yielded ΔFMQ values between +0.0 and +2.5, while the footwall yielded lower values between -2.0 and +0.0. OR17, an Eocene pluton, located closest to the Talisman mine, yielded a higher ΔFMQ value compared to the Cretaceous plutons associated with W-deposits in the AMH quadrangles, which exhibit low ΔFMQ values (\u3c +0.5), suggesting that different magmatic processes may have led to the deposits in the two regions. Furthermore, OR17 exhibits higher degrees of fractionation than the other samples in the suite, which is highly favorable for the concentration of elements such as W. The Orient quadrangle experienced major Eocene magmatism within only 0.6 ± 0 2 Ma in the Eocene, coincident with major regional extension associated with the accretion of Siletzia
Assessing High-Speed Rail (HSR) Policy and Politics in Washington State: Avoiding the Mistakes of the Past
No full textWhile international standard high-speed rail (HSR) has yet to be successfully completed in the US, there is a national interest in the topic, as evidenced by recent federal initiatives to research HSR across various corridors. The Cascadia Corridor has been identified as a region with high potential for HSR, leading to an ongoing study in the State of Washington. Given the tumultuous history of American HSR development, the Cascadia HSR initiative needs to avoid the mistakes of the past. Two major contributing factors to this failure to build HSR are uneven political support for HSR and poor policy frameworks. Despite the importance of these factors, there is little previous research on the politics and policy of HSR, especially when pertaining to the US.
This thesis aims to address this gap in literature by providing an analysis of the politics of HSR and assessing the policy framework needed to successfully build HSR in Washington. For the political analysis, spatial econometric methods were applied to California’s 2008 Proposition 1A vote to understand the political geography of HSR. This was followed by an overview of federal HSR policy in the US, as well as case studies on other American attempts at HSR and a review of the current plan for HSR in Washington. The study found that political ideology is a significant factor in public support for HSR, and that politically influenced transportation planning serves as a potential strategy for improving the political resiliency of HSR. Furthermore, four key policy concerns are identified for successful HSR development: a clear path for financing, strong land acquisition policy, an organized political strategy, and a coherent objective and “message.” The study makes recommendations for Cascadia HSR to address these issues
Global Trends in AI-Driven Product Development: A Cross-Country Analysis
No full textProject Mentor(s): Hideki Takei, DBA
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming industries and accelerating global innovation, yet its benefits remain unevenly distributed. A nation’s AI readiness—its capacity to adopt and implement AI technologies—plays a crucial role in economic growth and technological advancement. Key determinants of AI readiness include digital infrastructure, data accessibility, government policies, research and development (R&D) investment, and workforce development. This study examines the relationship between AI readiness, AI adoption, innovation, R&D investment of a nation, Digital Infrastructure Index (DII) and Human Capital Index (HCI) using a Random Forest regression model. Findings reveal a strong correlation between AI adoption and innovation (r = .80), emphasizing the need for a conducive environment to drive innovation. R&D spending also contributes to innovation (r = .65), reinforcing the notion that nations investing in research and development gain substantial benefits. Digital infrastructure emerges as the strongest predictor of AI readiness (r = .961), highlighting the critical role of government investment in fostering innovation. However, maximizing its benefits requires well-designed policies and market integration strategies. These findings highlight the critical role of strategic investments in fostering AI-driven innovation. Strengthening digital infrastructure and labor policies can enhance AI preparedness and technological competitiveness. Future research should explore optimization strategies for resource-constrained economies and the long-term impacts of AI-driven growth. Presentation recording available in the SOURCE 2025 playlist: https://www.youtube.com/@cwusource551
Appropriate Blackness: Feminism, C.R.T, Marxism & Boxing
No full textProject Mentor(s): Cynthia Pengilly, PhD
Black people of the Progressive era were concerned with how to regulate their behavior to better their position in society. This research will examine the synthesis of gender performativity, critical race theory, Marxism, and psychoanalysis to create an assimilation identity strategy called “Appropriate Blackness” and how it is demonstrated through the sport of Boxing. The case study subject of all these different frameworks is the first Black Heavyweight champion of the world, Jack Johnson, who was the premier Black celebrity during the Progressive Era and thus an example for a specific gender strategy many working-class Black men adopted. His contribution to culture still exists today in how rappers portray themselves. The study\u27s results found depictions of Johnson to be conflicting based on class and assimilation strategies; however, the prevailing ideological camps of assimilationist and confrontationalist both had the understanding that Johnson, as their racial representative, deserved better treatment, as do many Black people. The “Appropriate Blackness” framework can be applied to other Black celebrities and civilians in various fields to test its validity. The identity of Whiteness remains unexamined, and how it is related to the concept of “Appropriate Blackness”. The results further illustrate the social construction of race and masculinity within the purview of White acceptance. The implications of the results underscore the need for further scholarship on the dialectical relationship between Blackness and Whiteness, as these identities are fundamentally opposed to one another. There is also a need to correlate the results with the development of racial identity in the 21st century
Seeing Her, Wanting Her: Postfeminist Desire and its Contradictions in Zendaya’s Magazine Covers
No full textThis article examines Zendaya’s modelling evolution as a case study to explore how a postfeminist critique and psychoanalysis can illuminate the contradictory nature of women’s advertising. My analysis compares Zendaya’s covers in Seventeen (2012) and Essence (2020), emphasizing the stark differences in aesthetics, where Seventeen conforms to ideals of (white) femininity, and in opposition, Essence centres around Black femininity and desire. By situating Zendaya as both a gendered and racialized ‘other,’ the intricate dynamics of femininity, race, and age in media portrayals are made visible. I argue that Zendaya’s image is sold through postfeminist ideals of empowerment, choice, and sexuality by Seventeen and Essence, revealing the complicated nature of contemporary popular culture. Drawing on feminist media studies scholars (Mulvey and Hollows) and postfeminist literature (McRobbie and Gill), my research examines how Zendaya’s image functions as an ego-ideal, through which women misrecognize her as a superior figure and desire to emulate her, obscuring the structural inequalities that shape that desire. I will illustrate the importance of ego-idealization in postfeminism through how quickly empowerment and sexual subjectification turn into self-objectification for both the model and the viewer, as magazines capitalize on feminist rhetoric while depoliticizing it. My analysis supports the broader discourses within feminist media studies by highlighting how representations can both reinforce and resist postfeminist frameworks that exploit female empowerment, stressing the necessity for tangible female agency across media. Ultimately, I advocate for a more disruptive force in the realm of women’s media that aligns with Hélène Cixous’s idea of feminist writing or, in this case, visual media