31544 research outputs found
Sort by
College Students’ Attitudes toward Debt
Get PDFCollege student debt has gained much attention. This article uses survey data to examine the influence of psychological factors on college student attitudes toward debt. In the sample of 283 undergraduates enrolled in a personal finance elective course, financial self-confidence was significantly related to debt attitude, indicating that less financially self-confident students tended to have more positive attitudes toward debt. Two other psychological factors, ability to delay gratification and comparing oneself to others, were not significantly related to debt attitudes. Among the control variables, only gender was significantly related; women had more negative attitudes toward debt than men. College major, involvement with parents about personal finance, and financial knowledge were not significantly related to student attitudes toward debt. Future researchers should consider reexamining the use of the scales used in this research. Although the scales had been used by previous researchers, they may have less relevance to young adults whose debt attitudes were no doubt influenced by the Great Recession of 2007-2009.Faculty Sponsor: Dr. Brenda J. Cud
Analyzing and Designing an Arduino Controlled System to Study the Effect of Changing Water Levels on Water Flow Through Sediments
Get PDFThe hyporheic zone is the region of sediment under a stream where water from the stream flows before returning to the stream itself. Many studies focus on steady water flow through this region, however, in natural systems, water levels and water flow rates change due to storms, tides, dams, or melting snow. To investigate flow under unsteady conditions, we built a system that allows us to control the water level and thus the flow rates. We used a pressure sensor that is connected to an Arduino board to measure the water level. The Arduino board uses the measured pressure value to control a water pump. When the water level is lower than desired, the pump will turn on and when it is higher than desired, it will turn off. This allowed us to hold the water level constant or tell it to oscillate. We then evaluated our system by comparing our desired water level functions to those measured with our pressure sensor, those measured by a pressure transducer connected to a separate Arduino, and those we extracted from videos of our system.Faculty Sponsor: Susa H. Stonedah
Estranged from the World: The Film Audience as the Flâneur
No full textStanley Cavell considers the modern stroller, or the flâneur, as foreshadowing the emergence of films. Film theorists have argued that the emergence of film and the flâneur can be attributed to the alienation and estrangement that modernism brings to society. This form of estrangement encourages a distanced view of the world along with a desire to view the world as a child. Despite the fact that the flâneur shares a lot of characteristics with the film audience, they are fundamentally different in how they understand the form of alienation endemic to modernity. In this paper, I examine the origins of the flâneur and film to better understand the similarities and differences between the flâneur and the film audience, arguing that while the flâneur deliberately alienates himself in order to participate in this form of estrangement, the film audience is conditioned to participate in this estrangement
The Incompatibility of Democracy and Equal Freedom
Get PDFIt is commonly believed that democracies are freedom preserving. In a limited, consequentialist sense, this presumption may be correct. However, if someone were to look critically at an application of liberal democracy, she would discover that democracy is not as consistent with freedom as it appears to be. This paper argues that democracy is incompatible with equal freedom as realistic applications of democracy undermine liberty on both a practical and structural level. To accomplish this task, this paper discusses the role of group agents in a democratic political system. While voting allows citizens to express their opinions, voting cannot—in practical or theoretical terms—preserve equal freedom as a result of an individual vote’s lack of efficacy. By forcing individuals to act as groups, democracy undermines equal freedom
Should Minor League Mean Minor Pay: A Student Analysis of the Public Debate
Get PDFHistorically, and at the time of this study’s project, many minor league baseball players in the United States were paid below the federal minimum wage, which has been recently circulating in the media and has been a source of ongoing controversy (McDaniel, 2022). This article is a write-up to the first author’s end-of-term course project, which was supervised by the second author. The objective of the present study was to perform a historical and philosophical analysis of the public debate on minor league pay as well as describe ethical arguments within the debate. This should guide future debates on labor rights and fairness within sport, including professional leagues. Methods for a single-artifact descriptive case study (March 2021) were used to describe opposing views on the issue of minor league pay in baseball, which were then analyzed using historical and philosophical perspectives. The case study material was a 2019 popular press article of journalism covering both sides of the debate. Two modes of qualitative research were used: qualitative critical analysis and discourse analysis. Qualitative critical analysis entailed comparing discourse within the case article to information within one peer-reviewed research article, which presented historical and jurisprudence discourse and research on why Major League Baseball team-owners have been allowed to legally pay minor league players below the federal minimum wage cut-point. Fourteen parsimonious concepts from one undergraduate course on physical activity perspectives were used to describe and analyze data extracted vis-à-vis the qualitative critical analysis, followed by a discourse analysis of the extracted data. We discuss the study results, then present recommendations for future research. We conclude with a reflection from the first author about her project experience
Parents\u27 Grief Literacy: How Loss is Talked About with Children
Get PDFGrief can encompass many types of loss, such as losing a job, moving to a new state, or changing careers, and it can affect socioemotional, behavioral, and physical aspects of daily living (Brenn et al., 2020; Favazza & Munson, 2010). Previous research has shown that the process of grief is largely misunderstood in the United States, and misconceptions of the grief and loss process can lead to perpetuated incorrect beliefs, maladaptive coping, and incorrect medical treatment (McLean et al., 2022; Sawyer et al., 2021). The term grief literacy encompasses the knowledge and engagement with topics surrounding grief and loss (Breen et al., 2020). There is minimal information about grief literacy in the parent population and how grief literacy may translate into parents’ support of their children during the time of a loss. The current study aimed to expand knowledge about this population and how grief literacy applies to them and their conversations with their children. This study found that grief literacy levels amidst a sample of 94 parents in the United States were moderately high. The comfort levels when talking to their child during the time of a loss were also moderately high. These results contradict previous research about understanding of grief in the United States. Grief literacy was found to be made up of two constructs that were not correlated: grief knowledge and grief engagement. The only significant correlation of the two constructs was found between grief engagement and parents’ comfort talking to their child during a time of a loss. Reports of grief engagement were also significantly higher between the group of parents who had prior education, training, and/or job experience with grief topics and the group of parents who did not. Further research is needed with a more diverse sample to identify components of grief knowledge and engagement in the United States and how grief literacy is different for the parent population
CROSSROADS IN HISTORY THAT DETERMINED WHETHER SUN VALLEY WOULD BE BUILT
Get PDFhttps://digitalcommons.cwu.edu/local_authors/1029/thumbnail.jp
Comparability of Personality Assessments in a Captive Population of Japanese Macaques (Macaca fuscata)
No full textAssessments of personality have been performed in numerous animal species. Studies that have undertaken this task have seen mixed results when comparing assessments of personality in a common population. Because of this, validity and reliability of personality assessments have been questioned. Taking place in three parts, this research tested the model of an existing personality trait assessment and compared it to a behavioral personality assessment. Study 1 examined the validity of the Hopper Short-Form Personality Assessment (HSFPA; Hopper et al., 2018). Here, no model fit indices of the data collected from the Great Plains Zoo (GPZ) fit the model proposed by Hopper et al. (2018). A principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted with the traits included in the HSPFA with the GPZ data and revealed 16 out of 22 of the traits loaded in the same dimension as Hopper et al.’s model. Study 2 describes the personality dimensions revealed using a behavioral personality assessment on the same population of Japanese macaques. The behavioral personality assessment revealed a four-dimension structure of personality with behavioral loadings that were somewhat perplexing. Study 3 compared the personality assessments from Studies 1 and 2 by examining the number of personality dimensions and the correlations between the individuals scores on each dimension. Both assessments had four personality dimensions. One dimension on the HSFPA correlated with one dimension on the behavioral personality assessment. An additional dimension on the HSFPA correlated with three dimensions on the behavioral personality assessment. Also, two dimensions on each assessment were correlated with age. Due to the different personality structures being revealed by both assessments, no one-to-one relationship with the dimensions across assessments, and half of the dimensions on both assessments being correlated with age, it was concluded that personality may not be able to be measured with behaviors at one point in time. Limitations of this study include a small sample size and low reliability scores on the HSFPA
AN EVOLUTION OF GOLD OF THE SWAUK MINING DISTRICT, LIBERTY WASHINGTON
Get PDFThe Swauk Mining District in Central Washington state is a historic mining community with active small scale mining dating back to the 1870’s. Gold has been mined from both lode and placer deposits. The placer deposits of Liberty area are unique due to the variety of gold textures, most notably are the nuggets of tangled masses of dendritic crystals and wire gold.
This research aims to determine the paragenic sequence that led to the formation of the lode and placer gold deposits using a combination of field work and laboratory analyses. Field work consisted of small-scale detailed mapping, recording of fault measurements, identifying cross cutting relationships of rock types and veins, and sampling of oriented in-situ and unoriented ex-situ samples. Samples of country rock, gold bearing vein material and gold nuggets were prepared for laboratory optical and scanning electron microscope imaging and chemical analysis via multiple techniques.
Chemical analysis has determined that gold is not present in the non-hydrothermally altered country rock of the district and has identified two gangue minerals associated with the gold mineralization which are laumontite and illite. Cross cutting relationships of the major mineralization events has also been established.
From this research it has been concluded that Liberty is best characterized as a low-sulfidation epithermal deposit with the veins currently exposed at the surface forming between 49 Ma and ~ 44 Ma at a depth of ~ 300 m below the paleo surface. Two events formed the in-situ deposits. The first mineralization event is characterized as silica dominated gold bearing hydrothermal fluid which travelled to the surface via high permeability zones caused by faulting which subsequently deposited free milling gold into quartz breccia veins with minor illite from wall rock alteration. The second event is characterized by a carbonate dominated fluid brecciating the initial quartz and gold mineralization veins. Subsequent dissolving of the gold and precipitation new large dendritic masses of gold occurred in structural traps in the carbonaceous shale. Weathering of this in-situ gold deposit and the geomorphology of the Swauk Mining District led to the formation of the placer deposits of the district