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Ken Kladnik Video Interview
No full textKen Kladnik discusses his time as a student at Central Washington State College. His earned a degree in health education. Later he became an athletic trainer at Central. He remembers great instructors and becoming a better student when he discovered his passion for health and working as an athletic trainer.https://digitalcommons.cwu.edu/cwura_interviews/1310/thumbnail.jp
Sustainable Phone Housing
Get PDFMost commercially available smartphones posed a challenge to consumers due to the use of adhesives, which not only served to seal out dust and water but also hindered repairability and hardware replacement. Drawing inspiration from successful smartwatch designs employing gaskets for water resistance, this project aimed to adapt such design principles to the smartphone form factor.
Utilizing SolidWorks for design and subsequent 3D printing and CNC machining for prototyping, 3D models of a smartphone housing were crafted. The objective was to attain a level of water and dust resistance equivalent to that of model smartphones, utilizing sealing methods equivalent to smartwatches. The target Ingress Protection (IP) Rating stood at 67, claiming the device housing is dust proof and heavily water resistant.
Through submersion tests conducted for 30 minutes at a depth of one meter, the prototype smartphone housing successfully achieved the desired IP rating, demonstrating its viability for real-world application. This innovative approach, characterized by a modular design facilitating repairability, not only aligns with the ethos of the right-to-repair movement but also promises cost savings for consumers and repair shop owners. Moreover, by prolonging the lifespan of smartphones and mitigating the need for frequent replacements, this solution presents a sustainable alternative to the prevailing market trend of planned obsolescence further reducing e-waste generation.
Keywords: smartphone, repairability, water resistance, gasket, Ingress Protection Rating, right-to-repair, modular design, sustainability
Using GIS to Visualize Daily Routines at the Neighborhood and Household Scales: A Feminist Approach Using a Nineteenth-Century Diary
Get PDFFeminist scholars in the discipline of geography have noted the ways that routine activities at the household and neighborhood scales contribute to power relations and identity formation. Geographic information systems (GIS), with their ability to create multiple visual representations of people’s experiences in space at any scale, hold great potential for revealing these local processes and patterns that are often lost or invisible in broader historical narratives, especially when they pertain to women and children. This article contributes an example by using GIS to encode and map everyday events in a diary kept by Elisabeth Koren, a nineteenth-century Norwegian immigrant to the midwestern United States. Combining GIS methods with a careful cataloging of the text, I create maps showing social and economic connections developed during Elisabeth’s routine walks; geographic realms of pleasant and unpleasant emotions she encountered while traversing the landscape; and differing ways that women, men, and children used domestic space in the home where she boarded. I demonstrate that even highly computational GIS methods, such as kernel density estimation, can be appropriated toward the portrayal of nuanced and uncertain types of phenomena such as feelings, wanderings, and sites of household chores. This case study is intended to inspire researchers of social topics to look closely for ways that life writings, interviews, or other personal data may contain themes that could be better understood using GIS and mapping tools
Balsa Bridge
Get PDFThe problem presented throughout this report was to create a small-scale bridge made entirely out of balsa wood and glue, that could withstand substantial force, as well as perform a lifting/lowering cycle. Other requirements associated with the bridge were properties of weight, deflection, size, and shape. This problem presented a challenge that tested the mathematical side of engineering, being strongly reliant on statics, mechanics of materials, and mechanical design analyses.
To approach this problem, the first step was to complete in depth calculations of the chosen design. With this done, manufacturing and assembly was able to be completed. With a prototype of the bridge completed and ready for testing, engineering methods were employed to test and improve the design. These methods included testing the bridge weight via a scale, as well as testing the strength with weights anchored at the bridge center. The articulation cycle was tested using repeated cycles and trials, which was aimed to help fine tune the cycle accuracy and speed.
The results of these tests helped shape the bridge design. The bridge weighed in at 91 grams, which was 6 grams overweight, meaning the design of the bridge needed refining to lose weight. Aside from this, the results of the light weight testing demonstrated the bridge’s strength; it was able to withstand 80% of the required final load, without any visible deflection or buckling. The articulation cycle was tested using a timer, and the full cycle was able to be completed within 20 seconds.
Keywords: manufacturing, refining, articulation, balsa wood, bridge
Direction of the Play: A Wrinkle in Time
Get PDFThis paper details the research, process, and production of a theatrical work in fulfillment of the requirements of the Master in Theater Production. The production central to this piece is a high school performance of the play A Wrinkle In Time by Morgan Gould. Section 1 outlines the pre-production parameters and play selection. Section 2 deeply analyzes the story, setting, and production design. Beyond script analysis, this section contains a lot of research connected to the original book by Madeleine L’Engle, initially published in 1962. This production was set in 1960. Much research is focused on the historical context and attitudes of the time. Section 3 discusses the production process: the active rehearsal log and a post-production reflection. Finally, there are many appendices to demonstrate publicity and organization and provide visual aids
Gender Wobbles But It Don’t Fall Down: Feste and the Instability of Gender in Twelfth Night
Get PDFShakespeare’s Twelfth Night appears to some readers as a conservative story of gender-bending, in which all is made “right” in the end. The central character, Viola, disguises herself as Cesario in order to survive. In the final scenes of the play, this character reveals herself to have been a woman all along, and immediately enters a cis-heterosexual marriage with the Duke Orsino. To other readers, the play appears to be an early depiction of what we might now call transmasculinity. In this view, the central character is not just dressing up as a man to survive; he really is Cesario. This essay intervenes in that discussion by finding a middle path that refuses to resolve Viola/Cesario’s gender trouble. Thurston Wilder refers to the character as “Viola/Cesario” throughout, and uses the slash between their two names as a visual representation of what is here called “gender wobble.” Placing Feste the clown’s epilogue into conversation with work by Sara Ahmed and Judith Butler, the author argues that the epilogue destabilizes the apparent cis-heterosexual tidiness of the play’s ending. Then, the essay reads the play backwards from the epilogue, uncovering Viola/Cesario’s gender wobble from the moment they “reveal” themselves to “be” Viola at the end to the first time they step foot in Illyria at the beginning. The framework of the “wobble” embraces the messiness of gender and creates space to locate possible resonances with trans experience in Twelfth Night without asserting a definitive reading of Viola/Cesario’s gender
Effects of Tillage on Soil Health in Dryland Triticum aestivum Fields of Mold, WA
No full textMost Triticum aestivum (winter wheat) producers in the drylands of Douglas County, Washington, use a crop-fallow rotation system with conventional tillage (CT) and many have farmland in Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) status. CT has known negative environmental consequences, and no tillage/direct seed (NT) is recommended by the USDA as the preferred alternative. However, this recommendation is based on studies involving large geographic areas of the inland Pacific Northwest with varied soils and environmental conditions that have produced mixed results regarding efficacy of NT in improving soil health. Additionally, no work has been done on the effects of CRP status on soil health in this area. This research seeks to fill knowledge gaps relating to the effects of CT and NT tillage treatments and CRP status on soil health in low-precipitation drylands using a small geographic area (Mold, Douglas County, Washington) with the same soil and environmental conditions. Physical, chemical, and microbiological soil health indicators (SHIs) were measured in 5cm increments to 20cm depth at CRP, CT, NT, and an anthropogenically unaltered control site during the 2021-2022 growing season. NT is preferable to CT for preventing aeolian erosion, preserving soil texture, increasing soil moisture retention, reducing soil temperatures, enhancing organic carbon and total nitrogen soil stocks, and supporting microbial populations with increased functional capacities for preserving soil structure and fixing carbon and nitrogen. CT is preferable to NT for reducing microbial populations of pathogens. Some expected differences in SHIs were not found between tillage treatments, which the researcher attributes to the limited time since conversion from CT to NT at that site. Placing farmland in shrub steppe CRP status without regard to the original grassland conditions at Mold does not restore soil health to the native condition or improve overall soil health to levels where returning the land to T. aestivum production would be advisable
Research, Instruction, and Student Outreach: Reflecting on Pandemic Changes for Growth in an Academic Library
Get PDFWhile academic settings are often accused of moving more slowly than other industries, they are not immune to change. Academic libraries have had to adapt, pivot, react, and prepare for a variety of shifts within higher education. The 2020 Covid-19 pandemic forced adaptations in library services; in light of this, student expectations are changing, the field has seen significant turnover within the workforce, and faculty behavior has evolved. However, while the core and intention behind library services may stay consistent, delivery and process has changed. This article will discuss evolutions and changes in a mid-sized, comprehensive university library and how those adaptations affected reference, instruction, and student outreach areas
Factors Associated with the Prevalence of Iron Deficiency and Anemia in Women of Reproductive Age in the U.S.: NHANES 2015-2020
Get PDFIron deficiency (ID) is well recognized as the most prevalent nutrient insufficiency and a leading cause of anemia. Women of reproductive age (WRA), females 15 to 49, are at an increased risk of ID and anemia. This is due to the heightened iron demands of this life stage, including puberty, menstruation, and pregnancy, which require iron intakes ranging from 15 to 27 mg/day. Poor health and nutrition increase the risk of ID and progression to anemia. Consequences of ID and anemia range from exhaustion and decreased cognitive function to an increased risk of mortality. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of ID and anemia among WRA in the United States. Additionally, demographic, socioeconomic, and health factors were investigated to assess their relationship with anemia. Utilizing data from the 2015 to 2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), the research employed ferritin as an iron marker for evaluating deficiency and hemoglobin concentration for assessing anemia. The sample, consisting of 5,592 nonpregnant WRA, revealed a prevalence of 13.1% for ID and 14.3% for anemia. Average hemoglobin concentration was 13.3 g/dL. Statistical analyses, including independent t-tests, multivariate linear and logistic regression models, and chi-square tests, explored the relationships between anemia and demographic, socioeconomic, and health factors. The study identified significant associations between ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), and hemoglobin concentration (p \u3c 0.0001). Notably, differences in means for ferritin, sTfR, C-reactive protein, serum folate, and serum zinc were observed between those with or without anemia (p \u3c 0.05). Chi-square analysis further emphasized significant links between anemia and the dietary intake of vitamin B12, zinc, copper, and selenium (p \u3c 0.05). These findings underscore the persistent prevalence of ID and anemia among WRA in the United States. Results also emphasize the importance of investigating the underlying mechanisms behind iron and other nutrients. Future research should assess the status and intake of these nutrients to inform comprehensive treatment and nutrition counseling strategies for anemia
GNSS Radio Propagation Through Trapped Atmospheric Lee Waves in the San Bernardino Valley, CA
Get PDFAtmospheric lee waves, also known as mountain waves, are a type of gravity wave that form as air that is forced over a mountain creates turbulence downstream. Trapped, or stationary, lee waves located directly over a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver on Earth’s surface appear to lead to anomalies in the receiver’s position estimate, usually skewed toward the neighboring mountain range. The exact mechanism by which trapped lee waves might cause these anomalies is not known, and so my research aims to understand this. GNSS station P612 located in the lee of the San Bernardino Mountains in southern California records positively-skewed north position time series data anomalies. Using 300 hPa upper-level air maps, I found that anomalous days tend to share an atmospheric configuration related to the jet stream forming a positively tilted trough which likely interacts with the topography of the San Bernardino Mountains to create trapped lee waves.
I use the Advanced Weather Research & Forecasting (WRF-ARW) Model V4.4 with one nested domain and initial and hourly boundary conditions from the NOAA HRRR 3 km model to simulate the atmospheres on anomalous days during boreal winter and spring of 2018-2019, where I model anomalous days which exhibit trapped lee wave events and the day prior for comparison to a ‘normal’ atmosphere. I primarily use the Mellor-Yamada-Janjic (MYJ) planetary boundary layer (PBL) scheme and explore four other PBL schemes or damping parameters on two days with large anomalies, 22 January and 23 April 2019. I compared three diagnostics from the model output to three local weather stations to validate the model, and found the output acceptable. From vertical cross-section animations of the wave events, I found a weakly (0 \u3c R2 \u3c 0.3) positive correlation to the duration and approximate downstream length of the trapped lee waves. I also ray traced through the output using the KARAT program, and compared the refractivity and delay output between days and parameters to understand the structure of the lee waves. I found the refractivity of a given trace can detect the presence of lee waves while the delay cannot