Athena Commons - Digital Repository of Mississippi University for Women
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Improving Communication in the Management of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Full text linkApproximately 6 million children, ages 3 to 17 years, had a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) between the years of 2016 and 2019 (CDC, 2022). In Mississippi, 15.8% of the pediatric population have a diagnosis of ADHD and 82.3% of these patients are receiving either medication management or behavior therapy (CDC, 2022). Rushton et al. (2020) cite the importance of promoting positive relationships between teachers and students to improve long-term outcomes. Improving communication between teachers, parents, and advanced practice registered nurses (APRN) of pediatric patients between the ages of 6 years and 10 years who have a diagnosis of ADHD will help improve the management of their ADHD. Implementing a communication tool, specifically the NICHQ Vanderbilt Assessment Follow-up Teacher Informant Form, to help improve communication between teachers and APRNs assists in accomplishing this goal. The Lowndes County School District (LCSD) was contacted by the APRN and agreed to allow for a presentation to the teachers at each of the three elementary schools. This presentation summarized the importance of communication between the APRN and teachers to facilitate the proper management of patients with ADHD. The presentation was given at each LCSD elementary location at the beginning of the fall 2023 semester, and parents were given the NICHQ teacher forms in the clinic 5 to provide to teachers for communication with the advanced practice provider. At the end of the fall 2023 semester, an audit was performed on the electronic health record system to evaluate how many NICHQ Vanderbilt Assessment Follow-up Teacher Informant forms were returned. That number was then compared to the number of NICHQ Vanderbilt Assessment Follow-up Teacher Informant forms returned for the fall of 2022. There was a statistically significant increase in the number of NICHQ teacher forms returned from the fall of 2022 to the fall of 2023. As a result of this study, it is recommended that all primary care providers who manage pediatric patients with ADHD should regularly provide a communication tool, such as the NICHQ Vanderbilt Assessment Follow-up Teacher Informant Form to help promote communication between teachers and providers
Opening Remarks
No full textWelcome and Introductions, Hillary A. H. Richardson
Kick-off, Zithlaly Amezquita
Zithlaly Amezquita is a W-Alum (Class of 2022) and is currently a second-year physiology graduate student at Louisiana Health Sciences, Shreveport. She enjoys spending time with my family and friends especially when there is coffee involved. This event will be live-streamed from the Tiered Classroom in Fant Memorial Library
Lung Cancer Screening with Low Dose Computed Tomography in Primary Care
Full text linkLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, and early detection through screening can significantly reduce mortality. This study examines the frequency and barriers to Lung Cancer Screening (LCS) using Low Dose Computed Tomography (LDCT) among qualifying patients in primary care based on the United States Preventative Services Task Force’s (USPSTF) recommendations. Data were compiled from 402 patient charts across five clinics or clinic systems in the southeastern United States, and the information was analyzed using IBM SPSS statistical software, version 29. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were employed to assess screening frequency, barriers, and the influence of various demographic and provider factors. The results revealed that nearly half (47.3%) of the patients had a LDCT screening ordered, while 46.5% had no screening ordered. Additionally, 5.7% had a chest X-ray (CXR) ordered, and 0.5% had both tests ordered. Among those with screening orders, 76.84% completed LDCT, 95.7% completed CXR, and the overall completion rate was 79.1%. However, 20.1% of patients did not complete their screenings. Barriers to screening were documented in only 5.7% of cases, with patient noncompliance (4.2%) and cost (0.7%) being the most common barriers. The study reveals substantial gaps in LCS practices in primary care, with nearly half of the qualifying patients not receiving recommended screenings and poor documentation of barriers. This study underscores the need for improved adherence to LCS guidelines, better documentation of barriers, and targeted interventions to ensure effective and equitable screening practices in primary care
An Interdisciplinary Experience
Full text linkThis proposal showcases the success of an interdisciplinary approach. It provides an overview of a project titled: Cacao and Chocolate: A Powerful Legacy. It took place during Hispanic Heritage Month in 2023. The project aimed to explore the rich and multifaceted legacy of cacao and chocolate in Latin America, incorporating perspectives from various academic disciplines, including public history, chemistry, Spanish language, graphic design, culinary arts, and family science. The interdisciplinary nature of the project highlights the power of collaboration in research and education, serving as a model for integrating diverse fields of study.
The project was divided into two main components: faculty-led research and experiential learning activities. The faculty-led research involved students Alyssa Vernon, a public history major, and Ethan Wilkins, a chemistry major, who conducted in-depth studies on the historical, cultural, and medicinal aspects of cacao and chocolate. Their research culminated in annotated bibliographies, research posters, and presentations at both the Hispanic Heritage Month event and the Association for Science Teacher Education annual conference.
Experiential learning activities included cultural documentation by Spanish minor Olivia Eubanks, creative design by graphic design major Reggi Pech, culinary demonstration by culinary arts major Erik Vasquez-Diaz, and data collection for program evaluation by family science major Hailey McCool. These activities provided students with hands-on experience and opportunities to apply their academic knowledge in real-world contexts.
The project also extended into the classroom, with Dr. Vergara integrating related themes into her Spanish language and literature courses. It also allowed Mr. Dodson the opportunity for continue mentoring outside of the classroom setting. Overall, the interdisciplinary experience highlighted the value of collaboration across disciplines and the importance of experiential learning in enhancing students\u27 understanding of complex topics
Genetic Analysis of Microcystis aeruginosa and its Environmental Repercussions
No full textToxic algal blooms pose an ever-present threat to the goals of commercial, conservational, and recreational aquatic interests. The microcystins produced by Microcystis aeruginosa are one of the primary contributors to the toxicity such blooms present. An examination of the global effects of Microcystis aeruginosa on the interests mentioned above, as well as the genetics of the NIES-2481 and NIES-843 strains, was conducted with the goal of generating a better understanding of the issues toxic algal blooms present and considering countermeasures to combat such blooms. Conclusions are presented regarding possible outcomes of apathy toward Microcystis aeruginosa and suggestions for the future direction of algal research
A case for “Stealing Thunder”: Relationship sliding vs deciding after a transgression
No full textStealing thunder is defined as revealing potentially damaging information about oneself before others reveal the same information to save one’s image from harm (Arpan et al., 2005). Although research has examined the stealing thunder effect on political matters (Nguyen 2020; Nguyen et al., 2021), research has not explored the effect within the context of romantic relationships. To explore stealing thunder among emerging adults’ romantic relationships, we identified a transgression and a scenario that would prompt a young person to question their romantic partner’s commitment to the relationship. Our goals were to identify (1) whether confessions at varying levels of specificity provided any benefit relative to when the negative information was revealed by a third party, (2) whether the severity of the transgression moderated the efficacy of stealing thunder at different levels of specificity, and (3) how people perceive the fictional partner in each scenario. An online Qualtrics survey link was distributed to individuals ages 18 and older who currently identified as being in a relationship (n = 47). The three-factor ANOVA test revealed the overall perception of a romantic partner and the intent to stay in a relationship after a transgression is revealed is influenced by how, when, and by whom the transgression is revealed. Furthermore, the integrity of the romantic partner is not altered by the circumstances of how a transgression is revealed. Therefore, further research is needed to establish a relationship between stealing thunder and relationship churning among young adults
Implementation of Sexually Transmitted Disease Screening and Education in the College Aged Female
Full text linkSexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a prevalent problem for all age groups. According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC) (2021), young people ages 15-24 years old account for almost half of all newly diagnosed STIs in the United States. Mississippi is steadily seeing increases in STIs, especially syphilis. The number of syphilis cases almost tripled from 2013 to 2016 according to the Mississippi State Department of Health (n.d). Early detection of STIs makes treating and curing STIs easier which is crucial for sexual and reproductive health but is a problem with the most vulnerable group of adolescents aged 15-24 years old. Approximately 12.7% of sexually active adolescents and young adults who were on their parent’s health insurance would not seek health care related to sexual health for fear of their parents finding out (Litchliter et al., 2017). For this project, a comprehensive literature review reiterated the need for increased screening and education surrounding STIs. Participants were limited to females ages 18-25 and were asked to scan a QR code on their smartphone which took them to the project information. After scanning the QR code, the pretest was presented but was preceded by informed consent and began with a demographic section followed by a knowledge section, and then concluded with a personal practice section. After finishing the pretest section, participants were taken to an 5 educational PowerPoint developed by the researcher. A posttest was given following the completion of the educational material to measure if a knowledge increase occurred. Analysis of the survey results showed that there was a statistically significant increase in knowledge between the pre- and posttest after completing the educational PowerPoint (p = 0.008). An STI provider tool protocol was developed from the CDC’s “Prepare Before You’re There” online quiz and developed to implement into clinic visits and streamline the STI visit. The STI screening tool was implemented in one urgent care clinic and two student health centers. Upon completion of the clinical practice project, participating providers were asked if they felt like they diagnosed more STIs while utilizing the STI provider tool and almost 75% stated yes. This increase in screening would lead to more STIs being found and treated and therefore increase opportunities to increase knowledge of STIs. This analysis further validates the need for increased education in females ages 18-25 related to STIs to improve their overall health
Health Literacy of Hypertension
Full text linkUntreated hypertension can result in severe comorbidities and even mortality, making it a global health concern. One in three Americans, or about 75 million people, suffer from hypertension. 46 percent of those 75 million people have uncontrolled hypertension (Hollier, 2021). Slightly more than half of Americans who have been diagnosed with hyper-tension manage their condition. Significant consequences from uncontrolled hypertension include kidney failure, vision loss, heart attack, stroke, and even death. The researchers conducted a systematic literature review using the databases CINAHL and MEDLINE. All literature reviewed suggested that many patients needed more knowledge and were health illiterate about the parameters of hypertension, treatment protocols, and health risks associated with this disease. The authors designed a research project to address the need for better hypertension health literacy. According to Butzner et al. (2023), uncontrolled hypertension was a significant factor in 516,955 deaths in the United States in 2019. Other modifiable factors also contribute to hypertension, even if they occur as a secondary result of an underlying illness. Yu and Sheu (2020) estimate that around one-third of Americans with hypertension do not take their prescribed medication. Healthcare providers have a responsibility to provide every patient with the tools they need to prevent and manage hypertension to avoid consequences successfully. Thus, to serve as a guide for future research and interventions that can lessen the prevalence of the global hypertension health crisis, it is imperative that the current study evaluates an individual\u27s knowledge of hypertension, ways to prevent and treat hypertension, and risks of non-compliance with hypertension treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the level of health literacy among patients with hypertension. This required determining the patients\u27 awareness of the health concerns associated with untreated hypertension and methods for managing and preventing it in rural Mississippi. The researchers employed a health literacy assessment tool and a sociodemographic questionnaire in this quantitative descriptive study. Data was collected from a convenience sample of patients (n=141) visiting primary care clinics in rural Mississippi. The sociodemographic questionnaire covered a variety of subjects, including age, gender, ethnicity, education, and knowledge. The primary care clinics\u27 patients were given the survey digitally by scanning the QR code provided on the distributed letter of participation to participants, as seen in Appendix A. The survey was also distributed online via social media, utilizing the QR code through Qualtrics. Supplemental questionnaires were distributed by paper to additional Mississippians who could not use the QR code. Participation in the study was voluntary. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. The information acquired provided researchers with crucial facts regarding nursing and clinical practice, highlighted areas in need of education, and made recommendations for additional research on health literacy related to hypertension. The researchers applied Dorthea Orem’s Self Care Theory to enhance understanding of promoting self-care in patients. Different researchers have demonstrated that healthcare providers can use Orem\u27s self-care theory as a guide to improve their patients\u27 quality of life and well-being. Effective management of hypertension is essential for promoting overall wellness, treating patients holistically, and improving health literacy. Orem\u27s theory was chosen to enhance the understanding of promoting self-care in patients. Different researchers have demonstrated that healthcare providers can use Orem\u27s self-care theory as a guide to improve their patients\u27 quality of life and well-being. Effective management of hypertension is essential for promoting overall wellness, treating patients holistically, and improving health literacy
Language Learning Disabilities: Adolescents Receiving Psychological Therapy in Addition to Speech Language Therapy
Full text linkSpecific learning disabilities are among the most common disability categories, in which students receive special education and/or related services in schools, according to the National Center for Education Statistics (2023). Research has shown an increase of understanding in the areas of reading, writing, and spelling in individuals with learning disabilities. More recently, Ghiasi, Sedrpoushan, Abedi, Soltani (2022), noted students with learning disabilities have a lower level of achievement, motivation, self-esteem, and a high level of depression. Advances in language literacy remediation, may not be enough to overcome factors such as decreased self-esteem and fear of failure (Wolter, DiLollo, Apel, 2006).
Counseling appears to be an essential component of treatment when working with adolescents diagnosed with learning disabilities. By integrating a counseling component into treatment, related factors such as decreased self-esteem may be addressed to help clients maximize treatment gains (Wolter, DiLollo, Apel, 2006). The aim of this study is to investigate the psychological well being of middle school students identified with learning disabilities and the availability of counseling services as part of their individualized educational plan
Improving Knowledge and Utilization of PrEP by Healthcare Providers in the Mississippi Delta
Full text linkHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is an epidemic in the United States that has affected millions of people since the 1980s and yet there is still no cure for the disease. Mississippi has growing rates of new HIV infection with African Americans bearing a great proportion of the burden of contracting HIV infection. HIV is prevalent in the Deep South with newly infected individual rates increasing yearly. There are approved medications, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with a 99 percent efficacy if taken correctly that is highly effective in reducing the transmission of HIV infection in at-risk individuals. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to determine if healthcare providers would gain knowledge from education regarding evidence-based guidelines for HIV PrEP medications. It was also to determine if gaining knowledge on the management of PrEP would affect confidence and result in self-reported practice change. Educational sessions were conducted for healthcare providers in the Mississippi Delta. A pretest questionnaire and pre-intervention survey were completed by participants before the educational session. The participants completed the post-test immediately following the session. Participants were given one month to implement changes in their clinical practice before the administration of the post survey. Frequency distribution tables and intervals in statistics were utilized to compare the two independent samples. It was determined that there was a statistically significant increase in the management of HIV PrEP resources following the sessions with 90.00% of participants prescribing PrEP. It was also noted that 83.33% of participants reported making a change to their routine 5 clinical practice as a result of the educational session. This project supports the need for continued education for healthcare providers regarding guidelines such as these to improve the quality of care for the at-risk population