International Journal of Engineering and Applied Physic
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Applications of Augmented Reality in Industrial Manufacturing in the Era of Industry 5.0
Get PDFAugmented Reality (AR) plays a pivotal role in shaping modern industrial manufacturing, particularly as we transition into the era of Industry 5.0. This paper explores how AR enhances comprehension of intricate elements like robot movements and applied forces. It also addresses the complexity of planning production systems, offering a cost-effective alternative by overlaying virtual objects onto existing environments. While AR holds immense potential, this paper acknowledges its limitations, emphasizing the need for ongoing research to address these challenges. The integration of AR with industrial design brings about revolutionary shifts. By augmenting real-world environments with computer-generated data, AR profoundly influences the industrial design process. Spatial Augmented Reality (SAR) emerges as a critical technology for smart manufacturing. A novel SAR-based system is introduced, providing real-time instructions, safety alerts, and posture assessments for manual work in future smart factories. In conclusion, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of AR's applications in the industrial domain, especially as we transition into the era of Industry 5.0. As AR systems continue to advance, their integration into various aspects of industrial manufacturing is poised to revolutionize the field, presenting both fresh opportunities and challenges
Quantum Feature Of Branched Hamiltonians
Get PDFWe point out that a quadratic Liénard-type equation, when appropriately interpreted, exhibits branching behavior as a consequence of the double-valued nature of its governing Hamiltonian. Under a suitable approximation involving the coupling constant, we derive the corresponding quantum mechanical model, which is characterized by a momentum-dependent effective mass function
Coating a copper sample by Ni-Sic composite coating and studying its corrosion behavior
Get PDFThe electroplating of Ni-SiC composite coatings was conducted by submerging a brass substrate in a nickel sulfate solution with a SiC suspension. The composite coatings and brass substrate were evaluated for corrosion behaviour by generating Tafel curves in a 3.5% NaCl solution at room temperature. The composite electrolyte exhibited a greater cathodic polarization potential compared to the Cu substrate. The wear characteristics of the Ni coating, Cu substrate, and Ni-SiC composite coating made with an HT-8360 rotary disk were investigated in a study. Furthermore, the SiC nanoparticles co-deposited with Ni showed a homogeneous distribution within the Ni-SiC matrix. Consequently, there was a noticeable improvement in the Ni-SiC composite coating's microhardness and wear resistance.AT The salt spray experiments were performed in a salt spray fog chamber, following the specifications outlined in ASTM-B-117. Changes in adhesion and blister formation, as well as those associated with corrosion, were examined.Photographs of the specimens, which had been coated with a protective layer, were taken after the salt spray test. The percentage is a vital indication that precisely reflects the degree of corrosion resistance demonstrated by a coated specimen. There is no indication of corrosion
A Novel Hybrid Jaya Algorithm
Get PDFThe Hybrid JAYA (HJAYA) algorithm, a potent and hybridized optimization method, is suggested in this study as a solution to restricted design engineering optimization issues. The idea behind this innovative method is that the best solution found for a given problem shouldn't become stuck in local optima, but instead should aim to advance towards the best answers found thus far. The technique is further accelerated by using a novel starting strategy to provide better answers with fewer function evaluations. As fewer method-specific parameters are needed, this algorithm is simple to implement. By using it to resolve seven challenging constrained problems, including two from design engineering, the algorithm's effectiveness is assessed. Our findings are contrasted with those of other well-known methods found in the literature. The results show that, in terms of creating high-quality solutions, our suggested technique is either superior to or comparable to other algorithms. HJAYA is also applicable to issues in specific fields
Advanced GUI-Based Four-Wheel Independent Steering Control Research Robocar
Get PDFThe automotive industry is transforming rapidly due to technological advancements in propulsion systems, connectivity, and steering control mechanisms. Steering systems are vital for vehicle manoeuvrability, safety, and performance, making them a major focus. Traditionally, vehicles used two-wheel steering, where front wheels control direction and rear wheels follow. While effective in standard driving, these systems struggle with complex manoeuvres, lacking agility, and precision, thus compromising safety and performance. This project developed a prototype GUI-based development kit that allows researchers to intuitively control and monitor the four-wheel independent steering system, providing real-time feedback and seamless transitions between modes. The vehicle can switch from straight-line to independent steering in under a second, demonstrating rapid response capabilities. Wireless control over long distances increases its versatility in research and development scenarios. Innovative features like parallel parking and diagonal mode enhance manoeuvrability, allowing the vehicle to move sideways or diagonally in tight spaces. This kit significantly impacts vehicle control technology, offering a flexible platform for researchers to develop and test steering algorithms, accelerating innovation, and advancing autonomous vehicle systems
Multi-Criteria Evaluation of XL-Terrasil and Metakaolin Geopolymer for Subgrade Improvement in Rural Roads of Ondo State, Nigeria
No full textWeak lateritic soils in tropical regions present significant challenges for road construction due to their poor load-bearing capacity and high compressibility. This study evaluated the effectiveness of XL-Terrasoil (XL) and Metakaolin (MTK) in stabilizing weak lateritic soils from three locations in Ondo State, Nigeria, to enhance their suitability for subgrade applications. A laboratory-based experimental approach was adopted. Soil samples were collected from failed road sections and subjected to stabilization, XL -Terrasil and Metakaolin was incorporated into the soil as percentage of its dry weight with dosages set at (0.5%–2.5%) for XL- Terrasil and (2%–10%) for Metakaolin, while the control samples without additive (0% Dosage) was prepared for base line comparison. Tests performed include compaction, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), California Bearing Ratio (CBR), permeability, and microstructural analyses (XRF, SEM-EDX, and XRD). The untreated soil samples exhibited poor engineering properties: Location 1 had UCS of 180 kPa and CBR of 6.5%; Location 2 showed UCS of 165 kPa and CBR of 12%; while Location 3 had UCS of 195 kPa and CBR of 18%. Stabilization with 1% XL improved UCS to 340 kPa (90% increase), while 6% MTK further enhanced UCS to 420 kPa (133% increase). Similarly, soaked CBR improved to 30% with 1% XL and 40% with 6% MTK. Permeability reduced significantly, with 6% MTK decreasing hydraulic conductivity to 8.0 × 10?? m/s (65% reduction). Microstructural analyses confirmed improved bonding between grainsand better crystallinity, silica -alumina promote cohesion and decrease plasticity particularly in MTK-treated samples. The study concluded that Metakaolin outperforms XL-Terrasoil in improving soil strength, durability, and permeability, making it the preferred stabilizer for sustainable subgrade applications in tropical road construction
Comparative Study of Gamma Ray and Neutron Radiation on Some Electrical Properties of n-CdSe/p-Si Photodiodes.
Get PDFCadmium Selenide (CdSe) thin films were prepared on silicon(p-type) substrates using the pulsed laser deposition technique (PLD). They were then annealed at 300 ºC for one hour to get diodes used as a visible light detector. Four diodes were subjected to four different intervals of gamma radiation emitted from the 226Ra source. For comparison, four of these diodes were subjected to four different intervals of neutron radiation using a ( 241Am -10Be) source; the other diodes were kept without exposure to irradiation. I-V measurements studied the electrical properties of these samples. Results of gamma-irradiated devices show that dark current decreases for the irradiated thin films. Forward current under illumination increases when exposed to small gamma radiation values and then decreases with higher exposure values. While the value of reverse current increases with the irradiation. The results of I-V characteristics for neutron irradiation devices show that the value of current under illumination increases when exposed to small values of neutron radiation, then it decreases with higher values of exposure. However, dark current decreases significantly with irradiation. The effect of the gamma and neutron irradiation was clear on the response/recovery period for all irradiated devices. However, it was more profound in the response/recovery time of pristine devices. Also, the photo-responsivity of the pristine device was larger than that of the irradiated devices, and it decreased with increasing absorbed doses of gamma and neutron radiation
Controlling of ZETA Full Bridge Inverter Buck - Boost Output Voltage
Get PDFThe development of science and electronics is increasing rapidly, marked by the development and use of renewable energy, such as electric vehicles and solar panels. A good power converter is needed to maintain its practical service life. Renewable energy systems with DC output voltage generally require a DC-DC converter to increase or decrease the voltage level and an inverter to convert the DC voltage to AC. A ZETA Inverter, which combines a ZETA Converter with a Full Bridge Inverter, is proposed in this research. ZETA Converter can increase and decrease the output voltage as needed. The output voltage setting is also applied to the ZETA Inverter topology, using the Voltage Transducer LV25-P as the output voltage detector. The sensor reading results are then compared with the desired reference and then controlled using Proportional Integral (PI) Control, producing a pulse width modulated signal as a switching control on the power switch. Thus, the output voltage can be regulated according to needs. Simulation testing using Power Simulator (PSIM) software is carried out first and then validated by hardware testing in the laboratory. The final result was that the ZETA Inverter output voltage could adjust the reference voltage to increase and decrease voltage conditions. Under changing load conditions, the output voltage remains at the reference value. The defect (THD) level at the output voltage was 1.2%, which meets the IEEE 519 standard, below 5%. Thus, the ZETA Inverter can be a good power converter in renewable energy systems
The Study of the evolution of certain electrical properties of a carboxymethyl cellulose by irradiating it and adding different concentrations of materials at different temperatures
No full text There are two parts to this manuscript. In the first part, thin films were prepared by doping carboxymethyl cellulose with Polyanionic cellulose low viscosity, with a concentration of 73% CMCHV and 27% PACLV, then CMC HV/PAC LV thin films were exposed to different X-ray photon doses (0, 200, 400, 600, and 800 cGy). But second Part were prepared the thin films by dissolving 8 g of CMCHV in 50 ml of distilled water, then adding NaCl and ZnONPs in concentrations (0.00, 11, 20, 27, 33 and 38%). The intensity of the direct current I was measured for all samples by changing the potential difference V at different temperatures (T).
The measurement results of all samples studied in this research indicate that the conductivity and current density increase with an increase in the X-ray photon doses in the irradiated samples or with an increase in the concentrations of NaCl, ZnOPNs and also increases with increasing temperature, but the conductivity and current density increase more when NaCl is added than when ZnO PNs are added. By using these results, several areas can benefit, such as industry, scientific research, etc
Mixer Circuits Design and Performance Analysis using Planar Schottky Diodes – Simulation with MWO
Get PDFThree mixer circuits were designed: a single mixer, a balanced single mixer, and a double-balanced mixer, all utilizing planar Schottky diodes (Au/GaAs) for microwave frequencies. The design and simulation were conducted using the Microwave Office program. The performance of these designs was compared with a previous reference circuit by Rohyed, which also employed a planar Schottky diode. The comparison revealed that the conversion loss (CL) was lower in the single-diode mixer compared to the single-balanced mixer at fixe frequency 6GHz; the double-balanced mixer exhibited the best performance overall, and the single-balanced mixer showed slightly higher conversion loss. The noise figure remained relatively constant across the designs at operating frequencies for each circuit. Overall, the design effectively balanced conversion loss and Noise Figure