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Get PDFThe postmenopausal state is associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome. Grape seed extract (GSE), a rich source of proanthocyanidins, has beneficial effects on low-grade inflammatory diseases in a high-fat diet-induced obesity model and therefore is a candidate to improve postmenopausal metabolic abnormalities. In the present study, the effects of dietary GSE on body weight and glucose tolerance were examined in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. Female C57BL6/J mice underwent ovariectomy or a sham operation, and OVX mice were orally administered GSE (100 mg/ kg B.W.) or the vehicle solution (OVX+V). Mice in the OVX+V group weighed significantly more than mice in the Sham group. Body weight was significantly lower in the OVX+GSE group than in the OVX+V group. The weights of subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) and visceral WAT were significantly lower in the OVX+GSE group than in the OVX+V group. In glucose tolerance tests, OVX+GSE mice showed significantly lower blood glucose levels at 30 min and 60 min than those in OVX+V mice. In conclusion, we demonstrated that GSE prevents metabolic disorders, such as obesity and glucose intolerance, in OVX mice. These results support the potential therapeutic applications of GSE in postmenopausal women.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFBackground Argon plasma coagulation (APC) followed by subepithelial ablation (termed APC-SEA) is an effective means of treating early esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (EESCCs). However, the mechanism of tissue exfoliation after the first ablation was unknown. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the exfoliated esophageal mucosa after the first ablation. Methods We examined 13 EESCC lesions. We then marked them by APC. We removed the epithelium exfoliated by the initial ablation procedure and performed magnifying endoscopy with blue laser imaging for the exfoliated area and a second ablation procedure for subepithelial degeneration. The exfoliated tissue was examined histopathologically. Results The basement membrane was not visible on the surface of the exfoliated samples. Among the 13 exfoliated specimens, 9 were confirmed to have viable carcinoma. The basal cell layer was exposed homogeneously on most of the surface of the exfoliated esophagus. In the intraepithelial papillae, basement membrane was dissected at the same level as the exfoliated surface surrounding it, or preserved intact. Conclusion The basal cell layer containing carcinoma in situ was exposed homogeneously on most of the surface of the esophagus just before the second ablation procedure. A second ablation procedure was found to be essential for treating EESCC.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFObjective: This survey was conducted to evaluate changes of students’ English competency as they progress through the academic years, and disclose the effect of outbound exchange programs (OEP) that students can visit oversea universities as an elective course.
Materials and Methods: All undergraduate dental students from 1st to 6th year (n = 332), at School of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University were invited to participate in the study, and asked to fill out a self-administered questionnaire. As an objective scale of student’s English competency, TOEFL-ITP scores were used. In total, 236 (71.1%) of students participated. Students were classified into two groups by the participation or absence of OEP.
Results: Experience from OEP was associated with improved English competency. Students without the participation showed decline in English competency over time. Self-confidence in English communication coincided statistically with the objective measurement of TOEFL-ITP scores.
Discussion and Conclusions: Exposure to English communication through experience in organized OEP appears to be important for improving their confidence in English communication. Greater exposure to English language for the dental students and exposure to different culture may help development of international perspectives, motivation of students for further study, and influencing their career choice.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFThe stability of the knee joint affects the outcome of total knee arthroplasty. Among the knees with Bi-Surface type 3 (BS3), some showed progressive mediolateral (ML) displacement in the tibiofemoral joint on the standing anteroposterior (AP) radiographs, which indicated ML instability. We aimed to clarify the coronal instability and related factors with it.
We compared radiological and clinical outcomes of the 26 knees with BS3 and 38 knees with NexGen LPS (LPS). All surgeries were performed with the same surgical techniques at our institution. Radiological evaluation included the component shift ratio, which indicated coronal instability. Correlations of the component shift ratio at latest follow-up with radiological and clinical measurements were also assessed.
Greater component shift ratios in the BS3 group were found, while clinical outcomes showed no significant differences in both groups. The component shift ratio increased with the posterior tibial slope, the femorotibial angle, the implant extension angle, and the knee extension at the latest follow-up.
BS3 knees exhibited coronal instability on radiographs, although clinical outcomes were similar to LPS knees. Understanding the design characteristics of BS, avoiding excess posterior tibial slope, and paying attention to the soft tissue balance would be the keys to prevent the instability with this prosthesis.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFJapan’s aging society and its declining birthrate are threatening to upset the balance of supply and demand of blood products. We investigated the possibility of increasing the current maximum volume of platelet apheresis donation (PA) to the current maximum volume of plasmapheresis donation (PP), without changing the maximum number of platelets collected.
We analyzed PA and PP anonymized data (675,406 donors) according to gender. The incidence of initial overall side effects (side effects 1), vasovagal reaction (VVR), and non-VVR were compared according to age, body weight and measured volume at each donor group using the independence test (by the chi-squared or Fisher’s exact test).
Side effects were neither significantly different nor relatively high in donors both aged 30-69 years with weighing 65- <70kg in male apheresis donors and aged 25-54 years with weighing 55-<70kg in female apheresis donors.
It seems there is the possibility that the both maximum volume of male PA aged 30-69 years with weighing 65-<70 kg and female PA aged 25-54 years with weighing 55-<70 kg can be considered to increase as the subject sample on a trial basis. We expect this increase will make the risks of having fewer donors in the future reduced.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFCombined use of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) is generally believed to be essential for ovarian stimulation in the patients with WHO Group I ovulation disorders. We presented an infertile case with WHO Group I successfully treated by recombinant human FSH (rhFSH) administration alone. A 32-year-old woman visited our clinic complaining secondary amenorrhea and wishing for a child. Serum LH, FSH, estradiol, and progesterone levels were 1.4 mIU/ml, 3.1 mIU/ml, <5 pg/ml, and 0.1 ng/ml respectively. Because the LH-RH provocation test was normal response, she was diagnosed as WHO Group I ovulation disorder with partial absence of GnRHmediated hypothalamic activity caused by low body weight. As lifestyle interventions (normalizing body weight and exercise) were not effective, rhFSH administration was initiated. After that, multiple follicles were developed although serum LH was less than 0.1 mIU/ml in the mid- to late-follicular phase. After human chorionic gonadotropin administration, oocytes were retrieved, fertilized and cultured in vitro. Subsequently she successfully conceived with freeze-thawed blastocyst transfer at hormone replacement cycle. Our case indicated that LH was not necessarily essential for the development of ovarian follicles at least in the mid- to late-follicular phase even in patients with WHO Group I ovulation disorder.departmental bulletin pape
Development and Evaluation of a Study Level Announcement System in e-Learning
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a study level announcement system in motivating undergraduate dental students to practice clinical simulation material in e-learning. A study level announcement system was developed and implemented into the e-learning system at Tokyo Medical and Dental University. The learning records of students in 2015 who had used the study level announcement system during a computer assisted simulation training course (n=42) were compared with those of students in 2014 who did not use the system (n=40). In addition, to evaluate the system, a questionnaire was conducted on the 2015 students. The results showed that the 2015 students practiced significantly more frequently in the first half of the course (p<0.05), and that the 2015 female students practiced significantly more materials in the second half of the course than the 2014 female students (p<0.01). The students who evaluated the system positively practiced significantly more materials (p<0.05) than the students who evaluated the system negatively. The study level announcement system developed in the present study motivated the self-regulated learning of clinical simulation materials in e-learning outside the classroom for dental undergraduate students, especially females.journal articl
Get PDFBackground: This study aimed to clarify whether or not switching lenograstim for pegfilgrastim enables the sustained effects of decreasing neutropenia and shortening the length of hospitalization in patients receiving taxane-based chemotherapy. Methods: Patients being treated docetaxel and nedaplatin therapy in our facility were enrolled in this study. In the first courses of therapy, we administered lenograstim when grade 3 neutropenia occurred (group A). In the second or subsequent courses of therapy, we administered lenograstim when grade 2 neutropenia occurred through March 2015 (group B) and then administered pegfilgrastim on day 2 of chemotherapy from April 2015 (group C). We retrospectively evaluated the incidence of severe neutropenia and febrile neutropenia (FN), length of hospitalization, and other adverse events. Results: FN was observed in 10% (4/41) of group B and 0% (0/36) of group C (p=0.0511). Grade 3-4 neutropenia occurred in 76% (31/41) of group B and 3% (1/36) of group C (p<0.0001). The median length of hospitalization was 12 days in group B and 6 days in group C (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Pegfilgrastim significantly reduced the incidence of neutropenia and the length of hospitalization. Pegfilgrastim may therefore improve the quality of life of these patients.departmental bulletin pape