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Get PDFThis study examined the effects of conditions (that is, the fee structure and the easy of obtaining a dental appointment) on patient understanding and cooperation in clinical practice for dental hygiene and dental students. A questionnaire was given sequentially to 1483 patients attending the Tokyo Medical and Dental University dental hospital on "clinical education and patient satisfaction". Direct participants consisted of 650 patients, of which 213 (32.8%) were male and 422 (64.9%) female. The remaining 15 (2.3%) did not specify their gender. Patients who were satisfied with care received by dentists tended to be older compared to patients who were dissatisfied with dentists. The difference was significant (p < 0.001). Acceptable conditions for patients such as fees and appointments at the clinical session had an effected on patient acceptance of clinical training. The findings of this study suggest that patient satisfaction should be considered as part of the reasons for patients accepting dental care by students in their clinical education programs. Fees and appointment schedules strongly affect patient acceptance of clinical education.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFWe report here that soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) is released from human platelets when activated with collagen or thrombin. The sCD40L was detectable in the culture supernatants of platelets within 30 min after stimulation in vitro, and reached maximal levels in 3 h. The release was blocked by the metalloproteinase inhibitor, KB8301, indicating that the soluble CD40L is made by cleaving the membrane bound CD40L expressed on activated platelets. The sCD40L was undetectable in the supernatant of the activated platelets obtained from patients with X-linked hyper lgM syndrome (XHIM), who have defects in CD40L gene. Since sCD40L has been shown to have biologic function on the activation of vascular endothelial cells and B cells, these findings sug gest that platelets play some roles in both inflam mation and humoral immune response by releasing soluble CD40L.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different mandibular positions on the body equilibrium by measuring the gait rhythm. Twelve young healthy subjects volunteered to participate in this study. Subjects were instructed to walk for a 18m distance with the mandible guided at six different positions by occlusal splints. The gait was recorded at fast, ordinary and slow walking speeds under occluded condition. Gait cycle, coefficient of variation for gait cycle and gait velocity were calculated during the 10m-walk. One-way ANOVA with repeated measures demonstrated significant differences among the six mandibular positions for the gait cycle at all gait speeds, for the coefficient of variation at fast speed and ordinary speed and for the gait velocity at fast speed (P<0.05). Regarding these variables, multiple comparison tests were also performed between the mandibular position without instruction for occlusion and other five mandibular positions. Gait cycle, coefficient of variation and gait velocity changed significantly in 5mm opening position from the intercuspal position, and in 5 mm left and 5mm right position from the 3mm opening position at fast speed (P<0.05). The result of this study suggests that the change of mandibular position could affect the gait stability.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFTo investigate left ventricular wall motion asynchrony in patients with hypertensive heart disease, we measured regional myocardial velocity in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy and in normotensive individuals using tissue Doppler imaging. The endocardial velocity and the myocardial velocity gradient were measured in the basal and mid segments of the septal and posterior walls. The dilating velocity of the left ventricular cavity were deter.mined for the basal and mid ventricular segments of left ventricle. The peak myocardial velocity gradient was significantly lower in the hypertensive group than in the control group for all regions. The peak endocardial velocity during early dia'stole in the mid ventricular septum was significantly lower in the hypertensive group (Hypertensive vs Controls; 3.8 ± 1.3 vs 5.1 ± 1.6 cm/s, P < 0.05), whereas the peak endocardial velocity at the other three sites were similar in the two groups. The peak dilating velocity was significantly lower in the hypertensive group only in the mid portion of the left ventricle _(Hypertensive vs Controls; 7.2 ± 2.4 vs 9.8 ± 1.3 s-1, P < 0.005). These results suggest that there were regional wall motion abnormalities and nonuniformity during the early diastolic phase in the hypertensive hearts with left ventricular hypertrophy.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFThis study aimed to investigate the effects of different sensory-evaluated food textures on masticatory movements, and to identify meaningful factors that correspond to different food textures. Masticatory movements of three healthy subjects were evaluated with a jaw movement tracking device using five different test foods: almond, hard and light rice crackers, apple, and chewing gum. The movements of the incisor point, working and non-working condyle and the entire mandible at the occlusal phase in the horizontal plane were analyzed. For harder foods, the incisor entered the intercuspal position from a rear and lateral, the working condyle showed anterior and noticeable medial movements as the entire mandible translated posteriorly and medially. For soft foods, the incisor movements were nearly coincidental with the lateral border movements, and the mandible rotated towards the inner side near the working condyle. Although the overall paths of the mandibular movements are individually different, it appeared that jaw movement at the final closure is particular to the food texture. From the standpoint of mandibular movements, it is suggested that masticatory movements during the occlusal phase in the horizontal plane is useful for revealing the relationship between mandibular movements and food textures that were evaluated with onomatopoetic words.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to determine a suitable amount of grinding of a flexural test specimen for clinical evaluation of dental ceramics.Three dental ceramics (Crys-Cera, OCC and IPS Empress Cosmo) were selected. Five types of bar-shaped patterns were prepared for a three-point bending test, and four types of disk-shaped patterns for a biaxial flexural test. Ceramic specimens were fabricated using these patterns in accordance with the manufacturers' instructions. All specimens were ground with diamond polishing pads to yield either bar or disk specimens with the same final geometry.The surface roughness and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the specimens were examined.The flexural strength values of Crys-Cera and Empress decreased with increasing amounts of grinding, while that of OCC increased with increased grinding.The surfaces of all specimens were smoother when the amount of grinding was deeper. The XRD patterns of Crys-Cera and Empress changed with increased grinding; however, that of OCC did not change regardless of the extent of grinding.The flexural strengths of three dental ceramics differed with the amount of grinding probably because of changes of surface roughness and crystalline component composition. Unground specimens provided important insight into clinical failure modes.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFMuscle tone is profoundly suppressed during rapid-eye-movement sleep (REMS). Two indices that quantify this muscle activity suppression were introduced; the tonic inhibition index (TII) and the phasic inhibition index (PII). TII expresses the shortness of phasic chin muscle activity, and PII indicates the weakness of rapid eye movements-related phasic chin muscle activity loss. TII increased significantly with age, while PII decreased significantly. These chronological changes were concluded to indicate that the activity of the human nervous systems involved in both tonic and phasic inhibition in REMS increases with age. TII was found to reach the adult level at 12.3 years of age, while PII decreased to the adult value at 0.4 years. According to this difference in age between their maturation, the human nervous systems involved in muscle activity suppression during REMS are hypothesized to comprise at least 2 independent systems. TII and PII are also hypothesized to be affected by the activity of the brainstem inhibitory/facilitatory centers, which might be implicated in the control of muscle activity during wakefulness as well.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFCa2+ liberation from the endoplasmic reticulum activates sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) to return Ca2+ to storage. We explored the role of SERCA in dynamic changes of intranuclear Ca2+ in single HeLa cells. Application of forskolin, as an activator of SERCA, caused the phosphorylation of SERCA2b but not SERCA3 on serine residues, which increased the rate of Ca2+ uptake. Forskolin also induced the changes of Ca2+ movement pattern in the nucleus when cells were stimulated with the Ca2+-releasing agents, histamine or A23187. lmmunofluorescence staining showed that SERCA2b was densely populated on special parts of the nuclear envelope, but SERCA3 only existed in endoplasmic reticulum. Injection of an anti-SERCA2 antibody into the cytoplasm blocked the rise in the nuclear Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]n). However, injection of an anti-SERCA3 antibody did not affect the initiation of Ca2+ oscillations in the nucleus. Our data suggest that the activated-SERCA2b elevates the rate of uptake of free Ca2+ into stores along the nuclear envelope, which might support and maintain the nuclear Ca2+ homeostasis.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFThe management of a postoperative rectovaginal fistula after low anterior resection for rectal cancer is difficult and requires reconstruction of the anastomotic site and fistula. The results of reconstructive operation are often unsatisfactory.Herein, we describe our reconstruction technique using the posterior approach through the vaginal lumen for a high rectovaginal fistula repair.This reconstructive operation is useful for postoperative rectovaginal fistulas accompanied by severe stenosis of the anastomotic site following low anterior resection for rectal cancer.departmental bulletin pape
