Tokyo Medical and Dental University Institutional Repository
Not a member yet
1399 research outputs found
Sort by
Get PDFOral sensorimotor function is essential for mastication. We hypothesized that palatal coverage would disturb mastication and sensorimotor function. Masticatory efficiency, which was expressed by the declination rate of particle size, and oral stereognosis ability (OSA) were measured for 20 dentate subjects. Both measurements were first performed without an experimental palatal plate. These measurements were then repeated with the plate on the day of the plate insertion, then again on the 3rd and 7th day. After 2 months, another series of measurements for the OSA test were performed without the plate with the same time course. Masticatory efficiency significantly decreased with the plate. OSA score, which continuously increased during the experimental period, showed no difference between with and without the plate. Positive correlation between masticatory efficiency and the OSA score was found only without the plate. It was suggested that coordination between mastication and the sensorimotor function was disturbed by palatal coverage.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFAdhesive restorative systems have expanded the range of possibilities for direct pulp-capping technique, with evidences of clinical success in vital pulp therapy. However, quite few studies have described the direct responses of pulp cells following the application of resinous materials to pulp exposure. To address this issue, effects of exposure to an adhesive resin, 4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride/methyl methacrylate-tri-n-butyl borane (4-META/MMA-TBB) resin on cellular activity were investigated in an established rat dental pulp cell line (RPC-C2A). RPC-C2A cells were cultured on normal plastic plates or the disks prepared from 4-META/MMA-TBB resin (Super Bond® C&B) in a-MEM containing 10% FBS. After 3, 7 and 14 days, DNA content and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were measured. Total RNA in each group was extracted and RT-PCR analysis was performed. Moreover, the live cell ratio was also evaluated by cytotoxicity assay after treatment with various concentrations of 4-META/MMA-TBB. At day 3, 7 and 14, amount of DNA and ALP activity of the cells on normal plastic plates and the one on the 4-META/MMA-TBB were comparable. Cells of both groups expressed mRNA of type I collagen (ColI), ALP, osteopontin (OPN), osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2). Furthermore, 4-META/MMA-TBB (10-1% or less) did not influence dead cell ratio in the confluent state. According to the results of these in vitro studies, exposure to this resinous material would not induce cytotoxic response in the pulp cells.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFThe human growth hormone genes (hGH) are located on chromosome 17q22-24. A tandem repeat linked to hGH is highly polymorphic and the basic structure of the repeat is reported to be (AAAG)3ACAA(AG)3[(AAAG)x(AG)y(AAAG)z]AAGG(AAAG)3 in Caucasians, but details of allelic structure have not been clarified in Japanese. The objective of this study was to provide the initial data of the hGH alleles and the structure of the tandem repeat in Japanese. In this study, the sequences of hGH alleles were analyzed in 56 healthy, unrelated Japanese. A total of 57 alleles were found and the degree of heterozygosity was 96.4%, however, 2 samples could not be sequenced. Our results provide the basic data of the hGH alleles in Japanese and point out the future improvement for forensic analysis of this locus.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFThe purposes of this study were to examine the differences in masticatory function of children with different dental stages when they chew pieces of chewing gum with various volume and hardness, and to examine the relationships of the number of chewing strokes to masticatory efficiency as well as maximum bite force. Forty-six children (7.9±2.4 years old) and eleven adults (28.5±7.1 years old) participated in this study. The subjects chewed three pieces of colorchangeable chewing gum with different volumes and one piece of hard gum and the number of chewing strokes per minute, masticatory efficiency, and maximum bite force were determined. It was concluded that the 'adaptability' of masticatory function of children to the different volume and hardness increased with the development. Significant correlation was found between the ratio of the number of chewing strokes in hard gum chewing to that in soft gum chewing and the maximum bite force of children with deciduous dentition.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFPurpose: The Videofluorographic Swallowing Study (VFSS) has become the routine method for assessing swallowing dysfunction and accordingly, much research has been conducted on this procedure. However, due to a lack of standardization of the method of analysis of VFSS, it is often difficult to compare the results of such studies. Therefore, we conducted a comparative study of VFSS's spatial measurement using different standard planes used in the past study and Camper's plane and examined which plane was the most preferable. Method: VFSS was performed on 20 healthy young volunteers (26.9±3 years) and 9 healthy elderly (77.3±3 years). Each subject swallowed 4ml of thin liquid barium. We measured hyoid displacement and opening of the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) by using four different standard planes. Results: In the young group, the correlation between anterior hyoid displacement and UES opening was significant in all standard planes. In the elderly group, the correlation between anterior hyoid displacement and UES opening was significant only in Camper's plane. Moreover, this plane is hard to be affected by morphological change as ageing. Conclusions: Camper's plane was found to be as the most preferable plane for analyzing swallowing function.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFAlong with continued efforts to improve data quality in clinical trials, it is imperative to make critical assessments about the recognition, traceability, and validation of the data on final outputs of clinical trials. The present study investigated protocols in 36 clinical trials and case report forms (CRFs) for 141 patients. CRFs were categorized as Book Type (BT), Visit Type (VT), and Separate binding Type (ST). The achievement of recognition, traceability, and validation of the data in CRFs was assessed using arbitrary grading scales. There were significant differences between the VT and BT conditions in terms of traceability and validation 1 (the integrity of clinical laboratory test data). No significant differences were observed among the three types of CRFs in terms of recognition and validation 2 (verification of test drug compliance). These findings indicate that the traceability and the integrity of clinical laboratory test data depend on the structure of the CRFs used, whereas recognition and verification of test drug compliance were more matters of protocol design. Therefore, of the three CRFs, the VT CRF is considered to be the best choice of format for collecting clinical trial data as it maximizes the quality of clinical trials until electronic document systems are adopted.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to objectively evaluate the fit of sockets for trans-tibial stumps in order to establish a guideline for use in the automated production of prosthetic sockets. Subjects were 24 trans-tibial amputees. Using a CAD/CAM system, 11 parameters regarding the 3D shape of the stumps and the sockets were objectively evaluated. A correlation was found between the activity level and the upper and lower volumes of the socket, and between the cause of amputation and the upper volume of the socket. It was considered desirable to make the lower part of the socket looser for patients with lower activity levels, to make the upper part tighter for patients with higher activity levels, and to make the upper part looser for amputation patients with peripheral circulatory diseases.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFWe studied factors that control chemoresistance to 6 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines carrying p53 mutations. Cell lines were chosen, based on the presence of EGFR amplifications, the presence of H-ras mutations, and the absence of either. WST-1 viability assays showed that, in response to etoposide, Ca922 was most sensitive, HOC313 most resistant, and HSC6 and the others moderately sensitive. A similar tendency was shown by further analyses with cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, LY294002, and combined treatment withLY294002 and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Although both Ca922 and HOC313 had activating mutations upstream of Akt signaling, the constitutive phosphorylation of Akt at S473 was observed in chemosensitive Ca922, but not in chemoresistant HOC313, suggesting that constitutive Akt phosphorylation was not the primary determinant for chemoresistance in these cell lines. Further, by the combined treatment with LY294002 and TRAIL, apoptosis was induced in Ca922 and HSC6 but not in HOC313. Interestingly, caspase 8 was not detected in HOC313, while it was cleaved in the other 2 cell lines. Further, in Ca922 and HSC6 but not in HOC313, caspase 8 inhibitor restored loss of viability induced either with LY294002 and TRAIL or even with etoposide alone. These findings suggest that caspase 8 played an important role in chemoresistance against genotoxic drugs.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFObjectives: To evaluate dental caries and periodontal pocketing in relation to saliva buffering capacity among two groups of Japanese adults aged above 35 years old (A35) or 35 years old and below (B35). Methods: After measuring the initial pH of saliva, samples were titrated with 0.1N HCl to evaluate the buffer capacity. Levels of mutans streptococci and Lactobacilli in saliva, DMF and periodontal pocket were also measured. Results: Among B35 group, DMF of adults with High buffering capacity was significantly lower than those of adults with Medium and Low buffering capacity (p0.05). There were statistical differences for the mean periodontal pocket depth on the upper right incisor of adults in A35 with High buffer capacity and those of adults with any buffer capacity in B35 group. Statistical differences were also found for the pocket depth on lower left incisor and upper right molars of adults in A35 with High buffer capacity and those of adults with low buffer capacity in B35 group (p<0.01). Conclusion: High buffering capacity of saliva might be associated with better status of oral health among Japanese adults in both age groups.departmental bulletin pape
Get PDFObjectives: To evaluate the utility of our newly devised method (incremental stand-up exerciseload) to determine features of general endurance in hemiplegic patients. Subjects/Patients: Participants were 15 healthy adults and 15 hemiplegics, with 13 men and 2 women in each group. Methods: To evaluate endurance, the subjects were required to assume a sitting position on a bed for 3 minutes and thereafter repeat standing-sitting (SS) movements. Successively increasing loads were imposed by increasing the frequency of repetition of the SS movements. An expired gas analyzer measured the magnitude of general endurance. Results were compared between the two groups using the anaerobic threshold (AT) as an indicator. Results: The AT value was determinable in 80% of subjects in both groups. The AT values in hemiplegics (10.4±2.0 ml/min/kg) were significantly (p<0.01) less than those (17.3±3.0 ml/min/kg) in controls. Time of imposition of the load in hemiplegics (11 min 7 s±13 min 45 s) were significantly (p<0.01) less than those (27 min 0 s±7 min 36 s) in controls. Conclusion: This newly devised method that does not require special equipment is suitable to examine general endurance in hemiplegic patients.departmental bulletin pape