Revistas de Investigación UNHEVAL (Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán de Huánuco)
Not a member yet
1288 research outputs found
Sort by
El enfoque colectivista de Makarenko como contribución en la formación del educando
Get PDFThe present investigation entitled "Makarenko\u27s collectivist approach as a contribution to the formation of the student" had as its starting point the construction of Makarenko\u27s pedagogical thought, precisely, we approached it in the context of the Russian revolution. Immediately we reaffirm that Makarenko embraced a scientific conception of the world, I mean dialectical materialism, a philosophical method that allowed him to know his objective reality and transform it, all this points to the relationship between theory and practice or saying and doing; Consequently, it implies turning bad into good, that is the work for results that modern society demands. The pedagogue masterfully created and applied the collectivist method, a transformative method, which gives education the mass character. At the same time, Makarenko has the merit of having masterfully transmitted pedagogical knowledge, teaching the learner to think and reason. But this was not achieved at once, but through several periods of doubts and torturing errors, making it clear that after several attempts victory is achieved. In this sense, he discovered that in order to work successfully in the school, it was not only necessary to teach, but also to know how to educate, taking into account the individual characteristics and potential of each student. It should be noted that Makarenko\u27s educational work was carried out in the midst of enormous difficulties, such as children and young delinquents (offenders of the law), economic crisis and period of wars. Makareko\u27s teaching, for those of us who are heading to teaching work, lies in the following, to educate everyone at the same time, and not each one separately, one must have the necessary perspective, equally understandable to all. At the same time, do not think that you educate the child only when you talk to him, reprimand him or command him. You educate him at every moment of his life, even when he is not at home with you. How they talk to other people and about other people, how they are happy or sad, their way of treating friends and enemies, how they laugh, how they read the press are details that are all very important for the child. So the training that the teacher and the parents exercise regarding the student is permanent and crucial in the lives of the children.La presente investigación intitulada “El enfoque colectivista de Makarenko como contribución en la formación del educando” tuvo como punto de partida la construcción del pensamiento pedagógico de Makarenko, precisamente, lo abordamos en el contexto de la revolución rusa. En seguida reafirmamos, que Makarenko abrazó una concepción científica del mundo, me refiero al materialismo dialéctico, método filosófico que le permitió conocer su realidad objetiva y transformarlo, todo ello apunta a la relación entre la teoría y la práctica o el decir y el hacer; en consecuencia, implica convertir lo malo en bueno, he ahí el trabajo por resultados que demanda la sociedad moderna. El pedagogo creó y aplicó magistralmente el método colectivista, un método transformador, que le otorga a la educación, el carácter de masa. Al mismo tiempo, Makarenko, tiene el mérito de haber transmitido el conocimiento pedagógico con maestría, enseñando a pensar y razonar al educando. Pero esto no lo logró de golpe, sino a través de varios periodos de dudas y errores torturantes, dejando claro que después de varios intentos se alcanza la victoria. En tal sentido, descubrió que para trabajar exitosamente en la escuela no sólo hacía falta enseñar, sino también saber educar, tener en cuenta sus particularidades individuales y sus potencialidades de cada educando. Cabe precisar que el trabajo educativo de Makarenko se realizó en medio de enormes dificultades, como son niños y jóvenes delincuentes (infractores de la ley), crisis económica y periodo de guerras. La enseñanza de Makareko, para quienes nos enrumbamos a la labor docente radica en lo siguiente, para educar a todos a la vez, y no cada uno por separado, hay que tener la perspectiva necesaria, igualmente comprensible a todos. A su vez, no vayan a creer que ustedes educan al niño sólo cuando hablan con él, le reprenden o le mandan. Ustedes lo educan en todos los momentos de su vida, hasta cuando no está en casa con Ustedes. Como hablan con otras personas y de otras gentes, cómo se alegran o entristecen, su forma de tratar a amigos y enemigos, cómo se ríen, cómo lee la prensa son detalles que todos tienen para el niño suma importancia. Entonces la formación que ejerce el maestro y los padres de familia respecto al educando es permanente y crucial en la vida de los niños
Los monstruos no mienten (Posibilidad de la mentira en la filosofía del lenguaje de Kant)
Get PDFThe lie has fallen into disrepute. It is thought that you should always tell the truth and that turns you into a virtuous moral agent. Usually it is thought that Kant proposes an exhaustive and stubborn truth, however, it would have to prove the necessity and function of the lie within language, therefore the image of Cassandra will be taken, the Trojan princess who despite she always tell the truth nobody really believed in her. The possibility of a dialogue between Cassandra and Kant assumes the universality of the human condition.La mentira ha caído en descrédito. Se piensa que siempre se debe decir la verdad y que eso convierte al agente moral en virtuoso. Por lo general se piensa que Kant propone una verdad taxativa y obstinada, sin embargo, habría que demostrar la necesidad y función de la mentira dentro del lenguaje, para ello se tomará la imagen de Casandra, la princesa troyana que a pesar de decir siempre la verdad nadie le creía. La posibilidad de un dialogo entre Casandra y Kant supone la universalidad de la condición humana
Nuevo reporte de Sphictyrtus intermedius Stal (Hemiptera: Coreidae) en Boquete, Chiriquí, Panamá
Get PDFBugs (Hemiptera) are a diverse group of insects both in species and in eating habits, which is why it is important to identify them in the ecosystem, to determine whether or not they represent a potential problem as pests. The aim of this study was to identify the bug species found in large numbers in vegetation surrounding housing projects in Alto Boquete, Chiriquí, Panama. For this, a photographic record of the bug and associated plants was made and samples were collected for later analysis in the Laboratory; also consulting the reference collection of the G. B. Fairchild Museum of Invertebrates and the Center for Pharmacognostic Research of the Panamanian Flora – Universidad de Panamá. According to the results, the bug species corresponds to Sphictyrtus intermedius Stal (Hemiptera: Coreidae); of which in the reference collection consulted there are specimens collected in other provinces of the country such as Panamá, Colón, Coclé, Veraguas, Herrera and there is a report from Panamá Oeste. This insect has been reported in other latitudes as a pest of cotton, dragon fruit and soursop. Regarding the associated vegetation, it was possible to identify the species Miconia xalapensis (Bonpl.) M. Gómez (Myrtales: Melastomataceae), widely distributed in Panama. In conclusion, the bug species observed in the vicinity of housing projects in Alto Boquete is Sphictyrtus intermedius, which represents, as far as it could be determined, a new report of the species for the province of Chiriquí. In addition, M. xalapensis is recorded as an associated plant species.Los chinches (Hemiptera), son un grupo de insectos diverso en especies y hábitos alimenticios, por lo cual resulta importante identificarlos correctamente en el ecosistema, para determinar si representan o no algún potencial problema como plaga. El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar la especie de chinche encontrado de manera numerosa en vegetación aledaña a proyectos de vivienda en Alto Boquete, Chiriquí, Panamá. Para ello, se realizó un registro fotográfico del chinche, vegetación asociada y se colectaron muestras para su posterior análisis en el Laboratorio; consultándose además la colección de referencia del Museo de Invertebrados G. B. Fairchild y en el Centro de Investigación Farmacognóstica de la Flora Panameña – Universidad de Panamá. De acuerdo con los resultados, la especie de chinche corresponde a Sphictyrtus intermedius Stal (Hemiptera: Coreidae); de la cual en la colección de referencia consultada se cuenta especímenes colectados en otras provincias del país como Panamá, Colón, Coclé, Veraguas, Herrera y se tiene un reporte de Panamá Oeste. Este insecto ha sido reportado en otras latitudes como plaga de algodón, pitahaya y guanábana. Respecto a la vegetación asociada, se identificó la especie Miconia xalapensis (Bonpl.) M. Gómez (Myrtales: Melastomataceae), de amplia distribución en el país. Del presente estudio se concluye que la especie de chinche observada en las proximidades de proyectos de vivienda en Alto Boquete es Sphictyrtus intermedius, lo cual representa, hasta donde se pudo determinar, un nuevo reporte de la especie para la provincia de Chiriquí. Además, se registra a M. xalapensis como especie vegetal asociada
Phyloepidemiology and adaptive evolution of SARS-CoV2 during the first and second wave of COVID-19 in India
Get PDFIntroduction. This study aimed to identify the circulating lineages of SARS-CoV-2, prevalent mutations in these lineages, and the selective pressure on the genome of SARS-CoV-2 during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in India. Methods. We downloaded 1,451 sequences from June 2020 to June 2021 from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Database (GISAID). We identified the lineages using the Pangolin COVID-19 lineage assigner. Results. We found 41 circulating lineages in India during the year studied. Thirty-five lineages were circulating during the first wave and twenty during the second wave, including six new lineages. During the first wave in 2020, only one Variant of Concern (Alpha) was found, but during the second wave in 2021, three Variants of Concern (Alpha, Beta, and Delta) were in circulation, as well as one Variant Under Monitoring. The most frequent mutations observed were S: D614G, NSP3: F106F, NSP12b: P314L, ORF3a: Q57H, M: Y71Y, NSP14:C279C, S: D294D, and N: S194L. The ten most mutated samples all belonged to the Delta variant of B.1.617.2 lineage and were found in the second wave. Five mutations in the spike protein (L452R, T478K, E484Q, N501Y, and D614G), responsible for increased transmissibility and reduced neutralization by convalescent sera, were majorly prevalent during the second wave. D614G, L452R, and T478K were present at prevalence rates of 88.25%, 21.04%, and 16.80%, respectively. The major selection was purifying selection, but a few sites in the NSP2, NSP3, NSP13, S protein, ORF3a, and ORF9 evolved under positive selection. Conclusion. We report six novel mutations (three in NSP2 [P129A, V381A, V381F], one in NSP3 [P822S], and one in the S protein [Q23R]) that evolved under positive selection pressure
Unraveling the Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: Insights into an Emerging Nosocomial Pathogen
Get PDFIntroduction: stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a clinically relevant opportunistic and nosocomial pathogen with increasing concerns regarding antibiotic resistance. Accurate diagnosis and identification are crucial for effective treatment, and misidentification can occur, thereby emphasizing the need for appropriate laboratory testing and surveillance. This review aimed to evaluate the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and antimicrobial resistance of Stenotrophomonas spp. Materials and Methods. A systematic literature review was conducted using the PubMed Central Database. Inclusion criteria included studies published in open-access scientific journals within the last five years, reporting information on Stenotrophomonas spp. epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and/or antimicrobial resistance. The synthesis of the results involved a narrative synthesis of the findings from the included studies. Results. A total of 25 articles met the inclusion criteria and provided valuable insights into Stenotrophomonas spp. infections. The distribution of reported cases by country, sample type, and antimicrobial resistance patterns was summarized. The prevalence of resistance to various antibiotics was also assessed, highlighting the need for continuous surveillance. Conclusion. This analysis revealed the presence of antimicrobial resistance in Stenotrophomonas spp., particularly in S. maltophilia. The high prevalence of antibiotic resistance underscores the importance of ongoing surveillance and control measures to combat antibiotic resistance. The diverse distribution of S. maltophilia across different sample types emphasizes the need for accurate diagnosis and identification. Addressing antimicrobial resistance in Stenotrophomonas spp. is essential for global public health
New Frontiers in Immunological Therapeutics in the Critically Ill Patient: From Immunosuppression to Immunomodulation
Get PDFTSince the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there has been a significant advancement in our ability to intervene in specific immunological pathways, supported by compelling evidence. Autoinflammatory and autoimmune responses represent deregulations of innate and adaptive immunity, respectively, and are common in critically ill patients, occurring primarily or secondarily. Immunosuppression entails the global inhibition of immune responses, while immunomodulation involves the regulation or activation of specific pathways through selective activation or inhibition of molecules and their receptors. A structured search was conducted using the MeSH terms "immunomodulation," "immunosuppression," and "critical patient" in the MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and WoS databases. The objective of this review is to explore how immunomodulation offers a rational approach to counter immunoparalysis processes and modulate excessive proinflammatory responses, ultimately leading to improved clinical outcomes
Aprendizaje basado en evidencias como estrategia didáctica para la producción de textos funcionales en estudiantes universitarios
Get PDFThe objective of the research was to demonstrate that evidence-based learning as a didactic strategy influences the production of functional texts in university students. For this, the following methodology was used: quantitative approach, experimental level, quasi-experimental design. For data collection, the observation and survey technique was used: the instrument used was the rubric —differential semantic scale—, and knowledge test —measures the intellectual part—. To express the data, visual representations, tables and figures were used, obtained through the SPSS v.26 software. The statistical results allowed us to test the hypothesis through the Mann-Whitney U, indicating that the experimental group presents a better result in relation to the control group. In conclusion, evidence-based learning is an advantage for the development of the production of functional texts.El objetivo de la investigación fue demostrar que el aprendizaje basado en evidencias como estrategia didáctica influye en la producción de textos funcionales en estudiantes universitarios. Para ello, se utilizó la siguiente metodología: enfoque cuantitativo, nivel experimental, diseño cuasi experimental. Para la recolección de los datos se empleó la técnica de la observación y la encuesta: el instrumento utilizado la rúbrica —escala semántica diferencial—, y prueba de conocimiento —mide la parte intelectual—. Para expresar los datos se utilizó representaciones visuales, tablas y figuras, obtenidos a través del software SPSS v.26. Los resultados estadísticos permitieron probar la hipótesis a través de la U de Mann-Whitney indicando que el grupo experimental presenta mejor resultado en relación al grupo de control. En conclusión, el aprendizaje basado en evidencias es una ventaja para el desarrollo de la en la producción de textos funcionales
Habilidades blandas para el logro de aprendizaje de los estudiantes de nivel superior
No full textThe objective of this study was to demonstrate the influence of soft skills in the achievement of significant learning of students participating in the Business Process Management course of the Administration specialty at the National Agrarian University of La Selva. The approach was quantitative, applied with an explanatory level and quasi-experimental design with pre and post test. The sample was 42 students and data collection was carried out through the questionnaire and rubric. Inferential analysis was performed using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test for independent samples, Student\u27s t test for paired samples, and the Wilcoxon test for paired samples. The results showed that the application of a soft skills program significantly influenced the learning of higher level students; Based on the results found in the general hypothesis test one for related samples and the general hypothesis test two for independent samples, they reflected that the p-value < 0.05 (5%). It is concluded that soft skills influence the acquisition of knowledge of the students analyzed.El objetivo de este estudio fue demostrar la influencia de las habilidades blandas en el logro del aprendizaje significativo de los estudiantes que participan en el curso de Gestión de Procesos de Negocios de la especialidad de Administración en la Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva. El enfoque fue cuantitativo, de tipo aplicada con nivel explicativo y diseño cuasiexperimental con pre y post test. La muestra fue de 42 estudiantes y la recolección de datos se realizó mediante el cuestionario y rubrica. El análisis inferencial se realizó mediante la prueba no paramétrica U de Mann-Whitney para muestras independientes, prueba t de Student para muestras emparejadas y la prueba de Wilcoxon para muestras emparejadas. Los resultados mostraron que la aplicación de un programa de habilidades blandas influyó de manera significativa en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes de nivel superior; con base en los resultados encontrados en la prueba de hipótesis general uno para muestras relacionadas y la prueba de hipótesis general dos para muestras independientes reflejaron que el p-valor < 0,05 (5%). Se concluye que las habilidades blandas influyen en la adquisición de conocimientos de los estudiantes analizados
Cultura organizacional, atitudes e comportamentos que favorecem a organização. Caso Universidade Autônoma de Tamaulipas
No full textThe behaviors and attitudes that favor performance in an organization are the cause of its success, such is the case of the Autonomous University of Tamaulipas (UAT). A qualitative study was used in which the perceptions of the collaborators regarding the behaviors that can be presented in the organizational culture were analyzed, through a dichotomous response survey with an adaptation of the factors proposed in the Organizational Normative Behavior Questionnaire. As a result, it was obtained that the behaviors in the organizational culture at the Autonomous University of Tamaulipas (UAT) favor the performance of its collaborators and are present in more than 70% of the population. It is concluded that the factors quality, collaboration, consideration, orientation to authority and competition are above the threshold of 70% established.Las conductas y actitudes que favorecen el desempeño en una organización, son la causa del éxito de la misma, tal es el caso de la Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas (UAT). Se utilizó un estudio cualitativo en el que se analizaron las percepciones de los colaboradores con respecto a las conductas se pueden presentar en la cultura organizacional, a través de una encuesta de respuesta dicotómica con una adaptación de los factores propuestos en el Cuestionario de Conductas Normativas Organizacionales. Como resultado se obtuvo que las conductas en la cultura organizacional en la UAT favorecen el desempeño de sus colaboradores y tienen presencia en más del 70% de la población. Se concluye que los factores calidad, colaboración, consideración, orientación a la autoridad y competición se presentan por encima del umbral del 70% establecido.Os comportamentos e atitudes que favorecem o desempenho em uma organização são a causa de seu sucesso, como é o caso da Universidade Autônoma de Tamaulipas (UAT) Foi utilizado um estudo qualitativo no qual foram analisadas as percepções dos colaboradores sobre os comportamentos que estão ou não presentes na cultura organizacional, por meio de pesquisa de resposta dicotômica; Para o estudo dessa variável, foi considerada uma adaptação dos fatores propostos no Organizational Regulatory Behavior Questionnaire. Como resultado, obteve-se que os comportamentos na cultura organizacional da Universidade Autônoma de Tamaulipas (UAT) favorecem o desempenho de seus colaboradores e estão presentes em mais de 70% da população. Conclui-se que os fatores qualidade, colaboração, consideração, orientação à autoridade e competição estão acima do limite de 70% estabelecido
Hermilio Valdizán Medrano: ilustre huanuqueño XCIV años de historia
Get PDFThe historical legacy of Hermilio Valdizán in Peruvian medicine is remarkable. His humanistic approach is internationally recognized, as is his contribution to modern psychiatry. Through his numerous works, Valdizán explored topics such as the history of medicine in Perú, the treatment of the mentally ill during colonial times, as well as the evolution of the city of Lima over time. His untimely death left a great void in the field of medicine, but his legacy lives on as a significant influence on the practice and research of psychiatry in Perú.El legado histórico de Hermilio Valdizán en la medicina peruana es notable. Su enfoque humanista es reconocido internacionalmente, así como su contribución a la psiquiatría moderna. A través de sus numerosas obras, Valdizán exploró temas como la historia de la medicina en el Perú, el tratamiento de los enfermos mentales durante la época colonial, así como la evolución de la ciudad de Lima a lo largo del tiempo. Su prematura muerte dejó un gran vacío en el campo de la medicina, pero su legado perdura como una influencia significativa en la práctica e investigación de la psiquiatría en el Perú