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A Scoping Review Examining Interventions Intended to Help LGBTQIA+ Youth Transition Out of Homelessness
No full textObjective: Youth self-identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning/queer, intersex, asexual, and other identities (LGBTQIA+) are overrepresented among the homeless youth population in western countries. Although scholars have documented the situations and events contributing to disproportionately high rates of homelessness among LGBTQIA+ youth compared to cisgender peers, researchers have not as thoroughly examined the efficacy of services available to this group to assist their transition from homelessness to stable residency. The purpose of this scoping review was to examine the peer-reviewed literature to determine how many journal articles have been generated that addressed (a) the assessment of client satisfaction or (b) the effectiveness of intervention designed to help LGBTQIA+ homeless youth transition from homelessness to stable tenancy.
Method: A database search of six peer-reviewed, health care publication indexes, with 50 key search terms was performed. The database search spanned publication years with no beginning year, but ended in January 2021.
Results: Nineteen articles were identified that described programming, reported intervention outcomes, or outlined policies and recommendations intended to help LGBTQIA+ youth transition out of homelessness. Of the 19 studies, only five (26.31%) reported program evaluation (n=1, 5.26%), the assessment of intervention effectiveness (n=2, 10.52%), or an analysis of client satisfaction (n=2, 10.52%). Findings exemplify the dearth of scholarship and research examining this area of academic inquiry and public health need.
Discussion: Without empirical research investigating service provision for the LGBTQIA+ homeless youth population, service providers have little data upon which to inform practice based on an understanding of the services that are needed and desired by this population to transition out of homelessness, the effectiveness and perceived satisfaction of those services, and whether services should be modified to better meet the needs of those for whom it was intended. Scholars and researchers are called upon to generate this needed public health research, which should include service recipient perspectives to target outcomes and interpret findings
Commentary: Responding to the Opioid Crisis in Congregate Encampments
No full textThe frequency of opioid overdoses is increasing, and the use of fentanyl and fentanyl analogues in illicit substances has increased toxicity. In British Columbia, the opioid crisis has worsened since it was declared a public health emergency in 2016. Meanwhile, impermanent tent communities of people experiencing homelessness are being dislocated over concerns about illicit substance use. Recognizing the inaccessibility of naloxone for congregate encampment residents, this discussion piece builds upon current public health knowledge and urban forest management strategies to suggest key opportunities for increasing the accessibility of naloxone. These opportunities include recognizing peer-based care and the role of grassroots organizations in promoting naloxone accessibility
Esthétique et ritualisation des modalisations de l’étrange dans Lointaines sont les rives du destin de Kama Kamanda
No full textL’infidèle Ndaya est éligible pour le cibindi, punition de l’adultère d’une épouse par les moyens occultes. Ayant violé le statut d’homme initié dont jouit Kela son époux, elle l’expose au courroux de la foudre ravageuse lors de la fête des masques. L’âme errante du mort réclame justice. L’urgence de réparer le préjudice entraîne Nimy, le fils du défunt, au royaume des morts. Les épreuves que subit l’enfant et la réparation qu’obtient le défunt invitent au décryptage des ressorts de la ritualisation/modalisation de l’étrange dans la trame de Kama Kamanda. En nous adossant à la sociocritique de Barbéris (1990) et l’herméneutique sur l’étrange et le fantastique, nous montrons qu’en Afrique, le surnaturel vaut toujours son pesant d’or pour qui sait disséquer la mystique. L’étrange se révèle ainsi le levier du vivre ensemble et le ferment d’une culture de la paix sociale là où le naturel a montré ses limites en matière de diplomatie
Introduction au numéro spécial
No full textinternationale critically examines where international students from Asia fit within broader initiatives of internationalization, Indigenization and decolonization, and equity, diversity, and inclusion in Canada’s colleges and universities. The goal is to contextualize some of the challenges they face, to understand how they fit within institutional priorities, and to examine knowledges, strategies, structures, and spaces from critical perspectives. The seven papers in this issue, as described in the next section, were selected for their examination and exposition of the connections and disconnections between actors in the domain of international education and for provoking questions about the lack of coherence among internationalization, Indigenization, and equity priorities within institutions. In this section, we offer a justification for the focus on students from Asia, namely India and China, and argue for situating their experiences of recruitment, exclusion, and marginalization within a decolonizing and equity, diversity, and inclusion framework.Ce numéro spécial de la revue Comparative and International Education/Éducation comparée et internationale jette un regard critique sur l’accueil des étudiant.e.s internationaux en provenance d’Asie dans les établissements d’enseignement postsecondaire au Canada. Avec, comme focale, les concepts d’internationalisation, d’autochtonisation et de décolonisation, ce numéro s’intéresse notamment aux questions d’équité, de diversité et d’inclusion au sein des institutions postsecondaires, en lien avec l’accueil des étudiant.e.s internationaux. Le but est de mettre en contexte les défis auxquels ces étudiant.e.s font face, de mieux comprendre leur place dans les priorités institutionnelles de leurs établissements d’accueil, et de partager une perspective critique sur les savoirs, les stratégies, les structures et les espaces de ces établissements. Les sept articles de ce numéro, décrits dans la section suivante, ont été sélectionnés pour leur analyse des connexions et déconnexions qui existent entre les intervenant.e.s dans le domaine de l’éducation internationale, ainsi que pour leur regard critique portant sur le manque de cohérence entre les priorités institutionnelles touchant l’internationalisation, l’autochtonisation et l’équité. Dans cette introduction, nous explicitons pourquoi nous avons choisi de mettre l’accent sur les étudiant.e.s en provenance d’Asie, en particulier de l’Inde et de la Chine, et pourquoi nous avons opté pour une contextualisation systématique de leurs expériences de recrutement, d’exclusion et de marginalisation à l’aide d’un cadre inspiré par la décolonisation, l’équité, la diversité et l’inclusion
A Perfect Storm for Epistemic Injustice: Algorithmic Targeting and Sorting on Social Media
No full textOver the past decade, feminist philosophers have gone a long way toward identifying and explaining the phenomenon that has come to be known as epistemic injustice. Epistemic injustice is injustice occurring within the domain of knowledge (e.g., knowledge production and transmission), which typically impacts structurally marginalized social groups. In this paper, we argue that, as they currently work, algorithms on social media exacerbate the problem of epistemic injustice and related problems of social distrust. In other words, we argue that algorithms on social media recreate and reify the conditions that lead to some groups being systematically denied the full status of knowers, thereby corrupting the epistemic terrain and, with it, systems of social trust and cooperation. We argue that algorithms do this in two ways—namely, via what we are calling algorithmic targeting and algorithmic sorting
She Falls for Ages and Imagines Future After Apocalypse
No full textWhat is an apocalypse anyways? Most consider it the end of the world, but as April Anson (2017) points out the word ‘apocalypse’ is derived from the Greek term apokalypsis meaning “something revealed or uncovered”. But what if apocalypse accounted for these histories and revealed something more than “an end”? What if the apocalypse signalled hope that there will be a future? By drawing on Indigenous knowledge, Skawennati’s machinima She Falls for Ages (2017) re-frames apocalypse as the beginning of time, rejecting the narratives in science fiction or climate-fiction (cli-fi) of apocalypse as impending doom. Skawennati is a Mohawk futurist based in Tiohtiá:ke/Montreal, best known for her machinima creations — movies typically produced using video-game software — and digital media works that re-interpret and connect historical events to the present and future. She Falls for Ages (2017), is a re-telling of the Haudenosaunee creation story, where Sky Woman falls from Sky World through a hole in the sky and lands on a turtle’s back, both eventually becoming Turtle Island, North America as we know it today. Creation stories like the one of Sky Woman can often take days to tell, but Skawennati uses the Second-life video game platform to show the futurist place where Sky Woman falls from as one that is dying or, in many ways, experiencing apocalypse. Skawennati’s version of the apocalypse is stark difference from cli-fis such as The Day After Tomorrow (2002), that appropriate Judeo-Christian biblical narratives of the apocalypse and erases the existence of BIPOC perspectives. I consider Skawennati’s machinima as a reconceptualization of apocalypse that moves away from narratives that insist on White-settler survival and settler-colonial ideas about apocalypse and the anthropocene. As the author of this text is a woman of color and settler scholar, she foregrounds Indigenous scholars’ research about the anthropocene to analyze this work
A Scan of Ontario Cities’ COVID-19 Policies and their Impacts on People Living in Homelessness
No full textThis article summarizes findings from a scan of COVID-19 policies in Ontario that impact individuals experiencing homelessness. We collected and analyzed policy data between March 2020 and August 2020, from 10 cities, including all municipal-level restrictions and public health measures implemented in response to COVID-19. From our scan, we found that 161 policies had direct or indirect implications for people living in homelessness. These policies were organized into categories that describe ‘where’ effects were seen – which most often relate to requirements for physical distancing. Some of the most obvious impacts relate to reduced access to needed services and supports in light of non-essential business closures and other service disruptions. Other key impacts relate to the use of public spaces during the pandemic - including access to sanitation facilities, encampment bylaws, changes to public transit services, quarantine and isolation mandates, and the impact of a province-wide stay-at-home order.
Overall, in reviewing local responses to the pandemic, it is critical to consider the disproportionate impacts of restrictive public health measures on already marginalized groups and continue to learn about strategies that aim to protect all members of society
