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De-Implementation: Lessons to be Learned when Abandoning Inappropriate Homelessness Interventions
No full textEvidence on what works to end homelessness is growing. Evidence also highlights that some forms of help are harmful and should be de-implemented. The ability to abandon low-functioning interventions is considered essential to improve conditions for homeless people. It is common for challenges to be encountered when evidence exists claiming that alternative approaches are more effective and/or cost-effective. This is particularly true in the context of the problematic staircase model and the highly effective Housing First. In this study, the aim was to collect published articles on the process of abandoning established methods with low scientific support. This scoping review explores evidence on de-implementation that may clarify why it can be difficult to introduce interventions like Housing First despite having strong scientific evidence. The call for a shift toward greater provision of Housing First in Sweden underlines the timeliness of this problem. Forty-one articles published between 2014 and 2020 were included.
The review found no articles focusing on the de-implementation of homelessness services. Findings from other fields show that the important first step is to identify what needs to be phased out. Together with organized demands from users and favorable financial effects, scientific evidence can constitute driving mechanisms for de-implementation. We found a lack of practical frameworks and theoretical explanations that could support successful phasing out of unnecessary interventions in the homelessness field. It is suggested that to support the implementation of new ways of working that better benefit homeless people, we must pay attention to established ways of working. This requires a developed theory of de-implementation of homelessness interventions and calls for more robust research
La commémoration toponymique de la visite du prince japonais Hiroyasu Fushimi au Canada en 1907
No full textThe official visit in Canada of Japanese Prince Hiroyasu Fushimi in 1907 is commemorated in Ontario by four toponyms. This crossing of Canada by the Prince carries him in several Canadian cities, where he was welcomed with splendor during this 19 days tour.La visite officielle au Canada du prince japonais Hiroyasu Fushimi en 1907 est commémorée en Ontario par quatre toponymes. Cette traversée du Canada mène le Prince dans plusieurs villes canadiennes, où il est accueilli avec faste lors de cette tournée de 19 jours
Cultural aspects of Norfolk Island toponymy
No full textSeveral Norfolk Island toponyms are considered for their significance to Norfolk Island ethnography, geography, and onomastics. The insider nature of toponyms in Norfolk, the Norfolk Island language, is assessed. The investigative character of the analysis reveals that understanding the insiderness and esotericity of Norfolk placenames is essential for appreciating how these names operate within this small island society, a community which is an integral element of cultural and political Australia. The examples submit toponymic research as a means to establish more detailed descriptions of language and culture in contact with place.L’auteur examine plusieurs toponymes de l'île Norfolk, du point de vue de leur importance pour l'ethnographie, l'histoire et l'onomastique de cette île australienne ; il évalue en outre la nature locale des toponymes en langage Norfolk, une langue particulière à l'île Norfolk. L'analyse révèle que la compréhension de la nature intragroupe et ésotérique des noms de lieux de Norfolk est essentielle pour apprécier la manière dont ces noms fonctionnent dans cette petite société insulaire, qui fait partie intégrante du paysage culturel et politique de l'Australie. Les exemples analysés dans l’article visent à montrer comment la recherche toponymique peut être utilisée comme moyen de décrire plus en détails les relations qui existent entre langue, culture et lieu
Let's not see other people: Quality of alternatives and willingness to engage in consensual non-monogamy
No full textDespite growing interest in consensual non-monogamy (CNM), few studies examine why individuals are drawn to or choose to engage in it. Previous research has shown that partnered individuals who report high quality relationship alternatives (i.e., potential partners outside of their existing relationship) have a greater interest in engaging in CNM; however, there are no studies that study potential dyadic influences involved in interest in CNM. Thus, the present study was designed to investigate if an individual’s perception of their partner’s quality of alternatives impacted their own willingness to engage in CNM. Data was collected through an online survey, where 54 couples (N = 108) independently responded to questionnaires broadly related to their own relationship experiences and lifestyle choices. Multilevel modelling moderation analyses showcased that an individual’s own quality of alternatives—originally measured as a control variable—significantly moderated the positive relationship between one’s perception of their partner’s quality of alternatives and their own willingness to engage in CNM, such that individuals who perceived their partner as having high quality alternatives were more likely to be willing to engage in CNM only when their own alternatives were also of high quality. These results offer some insight into the decision-making processes involved in engaging in CNM for pre-existing monogamous couples
A Battle of Sixty-Four Squares: The role of chess in Cold War foreign policy
No full textThis essay takes a critical and creative look into the role of chess as a foreign policy tool throughout the Cold War. It uses the 1972 Chess World Championship and the competition between the US and Soviet Grandmasters, Bobby Fisher and Boris Spassky, as a case study for this analysis
A Turning Point? Responses to COVID-19 Within the Homelessness Industrial Complex
No full textThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected the homeless serving sector in significant ways, including impacts on service users and service providers. In this qualitative case study from Ottawa, Canada, we conducted 28 semi-structured interviews with service providers and key informants from the homeless serving sector to learn more about responses to the pandemic. We argue that, as it is currently designed, the homeless serving sector had limited opportunity to respond to the combined crises in housing, overdose, and COVID-19 with a transformative agenda. The article draws on Dej’s (2020) concept of the homelessness industrial complex, which argues that current systems manage and sustain rather than end homelessness. And we use Lipsky’s (1969; 1980) notion of street-level bureaucracy to explore the role of service providers as they translated shifting public health guidelines into action on the ground within contexts of ambiguity and constraint. Service providers were tasked with keeping people safe from COVID-19 while managing broader social issues such as homelessness, food insecurity, mental health challenges, and an increasingly poisoned illicit drug supply. They described challenges such as narrowly directed funding and short-term and temporary solutions to homelessness. Staff faced significant occupational stress and burnout within demoralizing contexts (Kerman & Kidd, 2021; Kerman et al., 2022). Despite new partnerships and innovative approaches that emerged, responses to the pandemic in Ottawa were shaped by the homelessness industrial complex and did not significantly contribute to ending homelessness. Even so, public health measures were able to disrupt business as usual in the sector, sparking the question: what might be possible if homelessness comes to be understood as a public health crisis
Niagara Falls and the Origins of Computer Algebra
No full textThe present note intends to show some connections arising from an investigation around the origins of Computer Algebra, which starts from the first explicit appearances of this field in the decade of the 80’s of the past century, takes us back to previous work done by Charles Babbage and the Spanish engineer Torres–Quevedo in relation to their analytic and algebraic machines, runs briefly through Kempe’s work on universal linkages, and ends up in the Canadian shore of the Niagara Falls, relatively close to Waterloo (ON), birthplace of some relevant decisions concerning the development of the Computer Algebra research community and home of the mathematical software Maple
