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FemiLISm now! : Identifier et explorer les méthodologies et théories féministes dans les actes des conférences CAIS/ACSI et ASIS&T entre 1993 et 2021
No full textThis paper reports on a systematic literature review of CAIS/ACSI and ASIS&T conference proceedings to identify, analyze, and map the application of feminist theories, methods, and epistemologies across a sample of LIS research. We seek a better understanding of feminist theories in LIS to a) identify how/where it has been taken up (and not taken up); b) identify feminist research themes and influence over time and across subdomains; and c) to consider how to build on intersectional feminist theories and praxis in LIS to move toward a critical intersectional femiLISt movement that is embraced and embedded within our field.Cet article rend compte d'une revue systématique de la littérature des actes des conférences CAIS/ACSI et ASIS&T pour identifier, analyser et cartographier l'application des théories, des méthodes et des épistémologies féministes à travers un échantillon de recherche en sciences de l’information (SI). Nous cherchons à mieux comprendre les théories féministes en SI pour a) identifier comment/où elles ont été reprises (et non reprises) ; b) identifier les principaux thèmes de recherche féministes et leur influence dans le temps et dans les sous-domaines de recherche ; et c) considérer comment s'appuyer sur les théories et les pratiques féministes intersectionnelles en SI pour évoluer vers un mouvement féministe intersectionnel critique qui est adopté et intégré dans notre domaine
Preventing Discharge to No Fixed Address – Version 2: : Evaluation of a Best Practice Program to Prevent Discharge from Hospital into Homelessness
No full textThe “No Fixed Address” version 2 (NFAv.2) project tested the efficacy of a potential best practice program that aimed to prevent discharge from hospital into homelessness. Forchuk and colleagues developed a system that streamlined housing and social supports using on-site access to help inpatients in a psychiatric unit who were homeless or at-risk of homelessness find safe, affordable housing. A total of 370 individuals accessed the NFAv.2 program between August 2017 and May 2020. Of these, 88 participants who accessed the intervention were enrolled in the evaluation of the project. Information on housing history and housing outcomes were collected during hospital admission and at 3-time points post-discharge. Focus groups were conducted for program participants, health care staff, and community partners to gather information regarding their experiences with the program. Of those who participated in the intervention, 80% were housed and remained housed at 12 months post-discharge. Results from focus groups also indicated that the majority of NFAv.2 clients, staff, and community partners were satisfied with the intervention. Since homelessness has a detrimental effect on recovery, client safety, and healthcare expenditures, locating safe housing has had a positive impact on treatment, rehabilitation, and the healthcare system as a whole. The findings of this project offer policy alternatives for the prevention of homelessness for at-risk individuals
Cutting-edge medicine: A case of hypertension managed at the barbershop
No full text We present a case of 43-year-old African American man, MS, who was diagnosed with hypertension at his barbershop after getting his blood pressure taken by a pharmacist team during his haircut. He was started on blood pressure medications and made several lifestyle modifications. He continued to get his blood pressure checked weekly during haircuts for the next six months and was able to lower his blood pressure to heathy levels. MS was then able to manage his blood pressure solely through lifestyle changes. We further discuss the significance of “barbershop medicine” and its role in combating the racial disparities in usual sources of care, as well as other non-traditional sources of health care particularly for the hypertension management
Discrimination in the Classroom: Calls for Detracking and Anonymous Grading
No full textThis paper is about the structural inequalities reinforced and maintained in a tracked school system. The biases against radicalized, male and lower-class which put them in lower tracks affect their ability to learn as much as their peers, often the white, female and middle-class students who are often placed in upper ability streams. This paper offers evidence that demonstrates that tracking is harmful for every student and educator, looking at both the general consequences and role of teachers in shaping student engagement. Recently, the Ontario school system announced grade nine detracking options, which opened up a discussion of preventing formal and informal discrimination in classrooms. However, detracking as a policy only addresses formal means of tracking and ignores the informal. I suggest that an anonymous grading policy needs to be implemented along with detracking to protect both student and teacher from being unfairly blocked from academic pathways which require high grades and advanced programs
Privilege Begets Privilege: The Fatherhood Bonus
No full textThe paper focuses on the fatherhood premium, and who it benefits the most. I conclude that professional workers who are white, heterosexual and married to the mother of their children receive the greatest premiums when compared to socially disadvantaged fathers. This paper outlines the two key theories used to explain the fatherhood bonus, and the flaws in their explanations. To understand the professional fatherhood bonus, I highlight the role of higher education and the hierarchy of positions in determining who gets the best bonus. With racial differentials, I find that Black men earn less of bonus than white men and only earn the bonus under specific circumstances, and I point to the importance of the ideal worker type and nuclear family, which also used to explain the importance of martial status and relationship to the child. Additionally, I highlight several gaps in the literature, calling attention to the need for studies with Canadian fathers, Indigenous fathers and queer fathers
Persian verbs and complement clauses
No full textIn this paper, I evaluate the existing claims regarding complement clause structures in Persian, considering a broader class of predicates than what has been previously studied in the literature. Therefore, I selected some Persian verbs which are expected to appear with Proposition, Situation, and Event complement classes based on Wurmbrand and Lohninger (2019). I also investigate these verbs’ role in selecting different complement clause structures. I use syntactic tests such as the distinct embedded subject (overt subject), temporal modifier (conflicting temporal adverbs), the negation with hærgez ‘never’, movement (scrambling) including wh-phrase scrambling, negation, and evaluative and epistemic adverbs to determine the syntactic properties of the complement clauses. The results of this study show that there are in fact only two types of complement clauses in Persian, meaning that the Persian control verbs take vP complements per Ghomeshi’s claim and non-control ones take CPs.
Keywords: complement clause, complementizer, control verbs, non-control verbs, Persian, subjunctive, indicativ
Contextualizing COVID-19 as a Historical Point for Medical Crises and International Relations: Past, present, and moving forward
No full textThis paper centralizes around the contextualization of the COVID-19 pandemic within an international relations realm. It seeks to consider the pandemic as a historical point for medical crises but compares it to past situations as well. Specifically, it shows through evaluation of political philosophies, international organizations, and globalization patterns that there are incredible parallels to the Spanish Flu of 1918. In each of these areas, there are clear and parallel patterns of nations turning towards more state-centered protectionist tendencies that emerge across the times of the Spanish Flu and of COVID-19. With these patterns in mind, the paper then addresses how this is valuable information and what it can provide to international relations studies moving forward. It concludes with a summary of these general patterns, and a recap of the value and potential of these findings. It does so with the understanding that working in a retrospective position enables valuable lessons for making sense of what the world has incurred and examining what the future could or should look like. The research’s implications are important for moving forward into post-pandemic years and understanding the value of looking back at previous crises to be more prepared and proactive for the future
L’importance des autres : le lien entre le stress et les liens sociaux parmi les étudiants et les étudiantes universitaires
No full textThe mental health of undergraduate students is a concern across many North American institutions. To support students’ mental well-being and help them manage stress, many Canadian post-secondary institutions have introduced a mid-semester break during the fall term. However, there has been limited work evaluating whether this fall break is associated with a decrease in stress (a well-established correlate of mental health). Further, it is not known which demographic variables and lifestyle factors (e.g., sleep patterns, regular exercise) may contribute to a change in stress surrounding the fall break. We assessed the effects of the fall break on perceived stress levels and investigated whether these effects varied according to gender and the quality of students’ social network. Our results indicate that on its own, the fall break did not reduce students’ level of perceived stress. Further, students who reported feeling socially disconnected reported greater stress (both pre- and post-break) than those who reported being more content with their social network. Men in our sample reported less perceived stress than women. We recommend that mental health initiatives on campuses integrate strategies to build social connections between students and emphasize outreach programs to students who report feeling socially disconnected. We acknowledge the increased necessity and challenge of doing this in the context of education in the time of COVID-19.La santé mentale des étudiants et des étudiantes de premier cycle est une préoccupation dans de nombreux établissements d’Amérique du Nord. Afin de soutenir la santé mentale des étudiants et des étudiantes et les aider à gérer le stress, de nombreux établissements d’enseignement post-secondaire canadiens ont introduit des vacances au milieu du semestre d’automne. Toutefois, on a peu évalué ces vacances pour savoir si elles ont eu pour résultat une baisse du stress (un corrélatif bien établi de la santé mentale). De plus, on ne sait pas quelles variables démographiques et quels facteurs de style de vie (par exemple les habitudes de sommeil, l’exercice régulier) peuvent contribuer au changement dans le niveau de stress en relation avec les vacances d’automne. Nous avons évalué les effets des vacances d’automne sur le stress tel que perçu par les étudiants et les étudiantes et nous avons cherché à savoir si ces effets variaient en fonction du sexe et de la qualité des liens sociaux des étudiants et des étudiantes. Nos résultats indiquent qu’en soi, les vacances d’automne ne réduisaient pas le niveau de stress perçu. De plus, les étudiants et les étudiantes qui étaient socialement déconnectés ont rapporté un stress plus important (tant avant qu’après les vacances) que celui des personnes qui avaient rapporté être plus satisfaites avec leurs liens sociaux. Parmi notre échantillon, les hommes ont rapporté ressentir moins de stress que les femmes. Nous recommandons que les initiatives concernant la santé mentale sur les campus intègrent des stratégies pour établir des connexions sociales parmi les étudiants et les étudiantes et soulignent les programmes de sensibilisation destinés aux étudiants et aux étudiantes qui rapportent se sentir déconnectés socialement. Nous reconnaissons la nécessité grandissante et les défis d’accomplir cela dans le contexte de l’enseignement au temps de la COVID-19
Perceptions des étudiants et des étudiantes concernant les avantages et les obstacles à étudier à l’étranger
No full textThis study examines perceptions of the benefits and barriers to study abroad amongst undergraduate students studying at the Soltis Center for Research and Education in Costa Rica, in 2018 and 2019. A total of 49 students representing five different study abroad programs from three institutions participated in the study. Cost, personal obligations, and timing of the program were identified by all respondents as the most important barriers to student participation in a study abroad program. Results of a Q-sort suggests that perceived benefits varied by academic year of the student and their experience with study abroad, and other high impact learning experiences. Upper-year students, as well as those with previous travel experience, viewed study abroad as an opportunity to develop career-relevant skills, while lower-year students and those with less travel experience perceived broadening horizons and personal growth as the most important benefits. The transition in perceived benefits can be used to effectively structure study abroad within the undergraduate curriculum to maximize benefits for student learning.Cette étude examine les perceptions des avantages et des obstacles à étudier à l’étranger parmi les étudiants et les étudiantes de premier cycle qui ont étudié au Centre Soltis de recherche et d’éducation au Costa Rica en 2018 et 2019. Un total de 49 étudiants et étudiantes représentant cinq programmes différents d’études à l’étranger de trois établissements ont participé à cette étude. Les coûts, les obligations personnelles et le calendrier du programme ont été identifiés par tous les répondants et toutes les répondantes comme étant les obstacles les plus importants à la participation des étudiants et des étudiantes dans un programme d’études à l’étranger. Les résultats d’un test Q-sort suggèrent que les avantages perçus varient selon l’année universitaire des étudiants et des étudiantes ainsi que selon leur expérience avec les études à l’étranger, ainsi que d’autres expériences d’apprentissage à fort impact. Les étudiants et les étudiantes d’année supérieure, ainsi que ceux et celles qui avaient déjà voyagé auparavant, ont considéré les études à l’étranger comme une opportunité de développer des compétences pertinentes pour leur carrière, alors que les étudiants et les étudiantes de première année et ceux et celles qui avaient peu voyagé auparavant ont considéré que les avantages les plus importants étaient l’élargissement de leurs horizons et leur croissance personnelle. La transition des avantages perçus peut être utilisée pour structurer de façon efficace les études à l’étranger au sein d’un programme d’études de premier cycle afin de maximiser les avantages pour l’apprentissage des étudiants et des étudiantes
Deductibility of Surrogacy Payments in Canadian Tax Law
No full textSurrogacy arrangements in Canada are estimated to have increased by 400% in the last decade, in part due to the rising rates of infertility. Costs for these arrangements can be upwards of $100,000. Individuals and couples using a surrogate to expand their family have sought relief under the medical expense tax credit pursuant to section 118.2(2) or the adoption tax credit pursuant to section 118.01(2) of the Income Tax Act. The deductibility of these payments is a relatively new issue in Canadian tax law; however Canadian courts have consistently denied the deduction of surrogacy payments. The Tax Court of Canada has heard five cases on the matter and has denied the deduction in all four that have precedential value. Surrogates do not meet the definition of “patient” to qualify for the medical expense tax credit and are outside the scope of the adoption tax credit. This article canvases legal and policy arguments in favour of and against allowing surrogacy payments to be tax deductible. It proposes the creation of a new surrogacy expense tax credit, similar in design to the existing adoption tax credit