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Kiskisom : Can a Plastic Brain be Decolonized Through Stories?
No full textAs an urban Indigenous academic, I struggle to comprehend and work within the schism between Indigenous and Western ways of knowing and being. Kiskisom, a Cree verb meaning 'to remind [someone],' argues that the cultivation of a plastic brain provides a unique opportunity for Indigenous sovereignty through the decolonizing action of reading Indigenous stories. The understanding that we have the power to rewire the brain through the mindful engagement of colonial ontology, or neurodecolonization, is a unique opportunity for change
L’intelligence artificielle et la gestion documentaire : quels apports? Quels enjeux?
No full textIn an organizational context marked by the massive deployment of teleworking platforms, document and records management practices are becoming increasingly heterogeneous. The absence of a genuine harmonization of such practices creates challenges in terms of recorded information retrieval, whether for the purposes of business processes, transparency or accountability. One solution to tackle these challenges is to use artificial intelligence features to manage recorded information. This article sheds light on how artificial intelligence could be integrated into document and records management practices, highlighting the governance mechanisms that need to be put in place to this end.Dans un contexte organisationnel marqué par le déploiement massif des plateformes du télétravail, les pratiques de gestion documentaire deviennent de plus en plus hétérogènes. L’absence d’une véritable harmonisation de telles pratiques engendre des défis au niveau du repérage de l’information documentaire, que ce soit à des fins de réalisation des processus d’affaires, de transparence ou encore de reddition des comptes. Une piste prometteuse pour pallier ces enjeux est de mettre à profit les fonctionnalités de l’intelligence artificielle à des fins de gestion de l’information organique et consignée. Cet article se propose d’aborder la manière dont l’intelligence artificielle pourrait optimiser la gestion documentaire, en mettant de l’avant les mécanismes de gouvernance à déployer à cette fin
The Reception of John Locke’s Writings at Christ Church, Oxford, c. 1690–1800
No full textThis article presents some overlooked evidence on the reception of John Locke’s writings at Christ Church, Oxford. It is intended to supplement a new article in the History of Universities on the surprisingly positive response to Locke’s Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1689) at that bastion of late seventeenth-century high churchmanship. This evidence sheds new light on: the reception of Epicureanism at that college in the 1650s; Locke’s personal connections at Christ Church; book-holdings of Locke’s writings at the early eighteenth-century college; some unnoticed uses of Locke’s writings by members of Christ Church; the European and North American reception of one Christ Church Lockean; and, the changing trajectory of the later eighteenth-century reception of Locke at that college
Housing Policy, Urbanization, and the Production of Homelessness in Greenland
No full textVisible homelessness is on the rise in Nuuk, Greenland. Since the early 2000s, the number of people staying at the municipal shelter, accessing support programs, and registering as homeless in the community has, by a qualitative estimate grown. Attention has also been given to the growing number of Greenlanders living homeless in Danish cities. However, the literature on Greenlandic homelessness remains sparse, and very little literature conceptualizes homelessness in Greenland within its specific geographical, cultural, or social context. To better understand the emergence of visible homelessness, this article explores the social dimensions of homelessness and asks how homelessness can be understood within the dynamics of urbanization in Greenland. Drawing on four years of participant observation in Nuuk with homelessness outreach organizations, and 20 in-depth interviews with both service providers and men and women experiencing homelessness, and four lived experience focus groups, we find that the emergence of homelessness in Greenland is part and parcel of a trajectory of welfare colonialism, resettlement, and contemporary urbanization. We highlight four specific policy issues: 1) an existing housing stock in Nuuk inappropriate for diverse needs; 2) urbanization in the absence of a national housing or homelessness strategy; 3) a lack of integrated supports and reliance on the non-profit sector; 4) and an increasingly punitive approach to managing the limited housing supply. Stepping back, we argue that the emergence of visible northern homelessness is an important lens through which to understand the dynamics of northern urbanization, social marginalization and exclusion, and the continuation of colonial relations in the era of self-governance.
Where is Homelessness? When is Homelessness? Chronotopic Analysis of OECD Narratives of the Homelessness through Space, Time, and Body
No full textDefining homelessness clearly without reducing the problem's complexity helps governments frame effective and conscious policies. There is a growing need for a theoretical framework that explores the common ground and generative structure among broad narratives about homelessness. In this article, we propose that Bakhtin’s (1981) concept of chronotope has excellent potential to achieve this goal. Chronotopes help us understand how time, space, and body configurations are represented in language and discourse for recognizing various situations and personas. Chronotope also enables us to reveal the assumptions and perspectives behind the narrative. Using a chronotopic lens, we analyzed narrations of homelessness from national governments and international organizations of 38 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member countries. The findings reveal the dynamism, diversity, and assortment of dimensions related to time, space, and body in the analyzed narratives and highlight five main perspectives viewing homelessness as an issue of security, vulnerability, quantification, inclusivity, and human rights. The results of this analysis will guide upcoming research in two primary areas: investigating varied measurement methodologies for assessing different aspects of time, space, and body and scrutinizing how distinct attitudes towards homelessness impact policymaking and development processes
Locke, Active Power, and a Puzzle about Ascription
No full textLocke holds that the experience of voluntary action is the sole origin of the concept of causal power. What is it about this experience that compels Locke to draw this conclusion? I think this question should puzzle scholars a great deal more than it has. There are three existing interpretations of Locke’s position. The first explanation holds that Locke appeals to voluntary action because he takes this experience to reveal a necessary connection between volition and action; the second holds that Locke is driven to this view by a prior commitment to the claim that mind is inherently active or that only mind is active; and the third holds that Locke takes reflection on the experience of voluntary action to reveal that in virtue of which volition brings about action. However, as I argue, these readings of Locke are inconsistent with the parsimony of his theory of causation and ignore the methodological demands of his empiricism. I submit that, according to Locke, the experience of acting voluntarily, or, equally, the feeling of bringing about change in the world, is a uniquely suitable origin in that its purely qualitative features mirror the characteristics that he deems essential to the concept of causal power
Grammatical Morpheme Acquisition in Hearing Limited L1 English Children
No full textAbstract:
The relationship between hearing and speech input in the development of language is uncontested, however for children with hearing impairments this relationship is often minimized. Due to these impairments the timeline in which hearing limited children acquire certain grammatical morphemes is called into question, when compared to normal hearing children. Previous research among this field has found varying evidence for whether or not hearing loss causes a delayed or different grammatical morpheme acquisition. The major limitations that have been presented within previous research are the age of their participants and inconclusive results due to third factor influence. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the patterns and differences between the process of morphological rule acquisition for Hearing Limited (HL) children and Non-Hearing Limited (NH) children at the ages of 22 and 36 months old. This study explores Hearing Limited and Non-Hearing Limited boy’s and girl’s conversations during play, investigating specifically their use of the possessive [-s], the plural [-s], and the progressive [-ing]. The present research’s findings show that HL children experience delays in grammatical morpheme acquisition. In addition, the study’s findings suggest that having a later age of identification and age of receiving a hearing aid may both be factors that are associated with improved language acquisition, but data on this was limited
L’Afrique est-elle toujours enfermée dans la caverne de « la conscience occidentale du Nègre » ?
No full textLeonora Miano’s introductory and concluding chapters of Tels des astres éteints (2008) deconstruct the myth of Africa as the typical universe of the lower humanities. Curiously, this essentialist perception seems to be closely linked to “the western consciousness of the Negro”, which establishes “the politics of difference” that the scholarly community dislikes, as it seems absurd because it uses the colour of the skin and the ailments of Africa.Les chapitres introductif et de conclusion de Tels des astres éteints (2008) de Léonora Miano déconstruisent le mythe de l’Afrique perçue comme l’univers-type des humanités subalternes. Curieusement, cette perception essentialiste semble étroitement liée à « la conscience occidentale du Nègre », laquelle instaure « la politique de la différence » que la critique récuse. Celle-ci apparaît comme une absurdité car elle instrumentalise la couleur de la peau et les maux dont souffre l’Afrique
The Effects of Mental Health Conditions and Sex on Standing Balance in Undergraduate Students
No full textAbstract
Purpose: Balance is important to human functioning and is required to carry out daily tasks. Studies have shown that females have better balance than males. Mental health conditions are prevalent in undergraduate students, and we are unsure of their impact on balance. The purpose of this study was to investigate if sex or a mental health condition (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), generalized anxiety disorder, depression, or a combination of these conditions) are associated with changes in single-leg balance performance in undergraduate university students. Additionally, a secondary purpose was to investigate the relationship between weekly physical activity and balance performance.
Method: Sixty-nine (36 female, and 33 male) undergraduate students at Western University participated in this study. Participants completed three standardized assessment questionnaires to identify individuals with scores consistent with ADHD, anxiety, and depression. Individuals with more than one of these conditions formed the multiple condition group. The control group consisted of individuals that did not show scores that were consistent with a mental health condition. A Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire was completed to quantify weekly physical activity, and a personal activity score was calculated for each participant. Finally, three 20-second single-leg standing balance trials were performed on a force plate, and balance performance was quantified using the path length. A two-way ANOVA assessed the relationship between sex and mental health conditions on standing balance.
Results: There was no statistically significant interaction between sex and mental health conditions (P=0.15). However, path length in the multiple condition group was significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.05). In terms of activity scores and balance, there were no apparent trends between males and females nor between the different mental health groups. Conclusion: Our results indicate that sex was not associated with significant differences in balance performance, and that students with multiple mental health conditions had significantly worse single-leg balance performance than controls. Additionally, weekly physical activity was not associated with better balance performance. These results could be valuable for clinicians when diagnosing balance related conditions, such as concussions.
Key Terms: Mental health, balance, single-leg, physical activity