GUMAN (Urdu Research Journal)
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Anthropology of hospitals: a General Overview
Get PDFThis anthology of hospital ethnography essays is structured around two main principles, which are introduced in the introduction. To start, it needs to be said that there is no universally accepted standard for biomedical design in hospitals. The transmission of this information is paramount. The ideal layout of a hospital has varied conceptions in every culture and civilization. When coupled with the availability of ever-more-advanced diagnostic and treatment technologies, the many medical schools of thought can provide a vast spectrum of diagnostic and therapeutic techniques. The second premise states that hospitals and biomedicine can only thrive if they reflect the fundamental ideas and values of the society in which they are rooted. A society's hospitals both mirror and reinforce its prevailing social and cultural standards. In a sense, hospitals are both exemplars of and keeper of these values. Along with providing concise overviews of the contributions pertaining to hospitals, the writers delve into the methodological and ethical difficulties that develop while doing fieldwork in an institutional setting, such as a hospital. Among the nations included are the following: South Africa, Ghana, Egypt, Lebanon, Mexico, Papua New Guinea, the Netherlands, and Egypt. Bangladesh is also on the list. Upon its first publication in 2004, Elsevier Ltd. acquired the rights to the work. Since 2011, copyright laws have served to prevent the content's infringement.
Keywords: Hospital; Fieldwork; Ethnography; Globalization; Localizatio
From Conflict to Cooperation: How Good Governance Fosters Peace and Stability
Get PDFThis paper aims at analyzing the connection between governance and the processes of enhancing or negating peace and stability in societies. It claims that such policies as non-violent, accountable, transparent, and rule of law types act as strong prerequisites for resolving issues and establishing a spirit of cooperation. By exploring the efficiency of governance structures these abstract aims to show how such structures help avoid conflicts by implementing several methods of distributing resources fairly, safeguarding human rights and cooperating through institutional channels. This proves factual references and well-articulated examples that argue that the regions with strong governance systems have reduced levels of violence and political instabilities in a region. Moreover, the paper also aims at reflecting on the international organizations and local government involvement as they address the need to support governance reform aimed at strengthening society against conflict. To sum up, the abstract states that analyzing the transition from conflict relationships to cooperation ones for the given regions and countries, it is possible to notice that governmental structures are not the only key drivers of effective change; active civic engagement and the dynamic development of governance practices that can meet the modern needs of society play a significant role as well. Therefore, based on the multifaceted cross sectional analysis of this paper, the author will aim at offering a new perception towards the core of the discourse on peacebuilding, with an emphasis on the application of governance fundamentals in the achievement and sustenance of durable peace.
Keywords: Conflict, Cooperation, Good Governance, Bad Governance, Peace & Stabilit
India’s Quest for Kashmir: Pakistan’s Offensive Diplomacy
Get PDFThe Kashmir issue and bilateral relations with India has been dominating the foreign policy of Pakistan since independence. Kashmir represents the unfinished agenda of partition of subcontinent in 1947 and also it is the main hurdle in the normalization of cordial relations between Pakistan and India. Three wars have been fought over Kashmir making it one of the main unresolved international dispute today and it has made this region as a potential nuclear flashpoint. Pakistan advocates the peaceful resolution of Kashmir issue through diplomatic maneuvers and by implementing UN resolutions on Kashmir. On the contrary India has deployed thousands of military and para military forces and has not abandoned the militaristic approach for resolution of this issue since beginning. In a recent move, India has converted Kashmir into integral part of India, by revocation of Article 370 of Indian constitution on August 05 2019 that has altered the demographic status of Kashmir. Pakistan will continue to propagate the legitimate Kashmiri struggle for their right of self-determination as per norms of international law. This paper analyses Pakistan’s objective and approach towards the Kashmir issue and, given the changing international scenario, the possible options for its resolution.
Key Words: Kashmir issue, UNSC resolutions, India, Pakistan, diplomatic maneuver
An Analytical Review of the Methods and Approaches of "Tafsir Jawahir al-Quran"Regarding Legal Matters معاملات کے بارے میں تفسیرجواہر القرآن کےاسالیب ومناہج کا تحقیقی جائزہ
No full textAllama Ghulam Allah Khan was a renowned Islamic scholar known for his expertise in the interpretation of the Quran and religious sciences. He was also considered a leader among the Sufi saints, and his contributions to the fields of knowledge and religion are highly respected. His famous interpretation, "Tafsir Jawahir al-Quran," is one of the significant books known for its scholarly utility. "Tafsir Jawahir al-Quran" is a comprehensive interpretation that presents the profound meanings of the Quran. It is based on the narrations of the early righteous individuals (Salaf Saliheen) and the explanations of the Quran. The book demonstrates the depth and clarity of its interpretation based on both the authentic (Mastanad) and opinion-based (Rai) methods of interpretation. It sheds light on various aspects of the Quran in the context of the narrations of the early righteous individuals, proving its comprehensiveness and credibility. In "Tafsir Jawahir al-Quran," Allama Ghulam Allah Khan also addresses legal issues and their solutions. He presents the legal matters in a highly articulate manner, and his explanations include the statements and methodologies of theologians and jurists. Furthermore, Allama Ghulam Allah Khan not only explains the Quranic meanings in light of the narrations of the early righteous but also includes discussions on legal issues and their solutions. He elaborates on the legal matters in the best possible way, providing clarity to the scholars of theology and jurisprudence. "Tafsir Jawahir al-Quran" is a significant and valuable book that holds importance in religious education and training. It enhances the understanding of the Quran and contributes to the enrichment of knowledge. His research papers within this Tafsir are also beneficial for scholars and researchers.
Keyword- Analytical Review & Tafsir Jawahir al-Qura
Reasons for Disregarding the Rights of Employees and Servants in the Present Times, their Solution in the Light of Qur'an and Hadith دور حاضر میں ملازمین اور خادموں کے حقوق سے بے اعتنائی کے اسباب ،قرآن و حدیث کی روشنی میں ان کا حل
No full textAll human beings, no matter where they live in the world, no matter what religion they belong to, are equal in being servants of God, in their creation and being the children of Adam (a.s).Therefore, their cooperation and good treatment of each other is essential for the survival of a just society and humanity. Islam emphasizes that human beings should respect each other and make mutual relations pleasant. But when a person forgets his status or feels superior, he becomes prone to sedition and mischief. Then he becomes a victim of diseases like jealousy, grave, murder and immorality. Therefore, man should not be unaware of his origin and reality. The day of reckoning should be in front of him. Today he is the owner of wealth and position, so tomorrow he will have to give an account of it. Just as every human being is concerned about the attainment of his rights, he should also be concerned about the payment of the rights of others. With a view to reform and training, this article has commented on the causes of disregard for the rights of employees and Servants and their solution in the light of Qur'an and Hadith. So that as Muslims we are protected from the rights of others.
Key Words: Employees, Rights of Servants, Qur'an and Hadith, Reasons for Abolition of Rights, Solutions
“Proposed Shari’a Solution to Separation “Khula” Problems in Karak District”ضلع کرک میں خلع کے مسائل کا مجوزہ شرعی حل (
No full textThe preservation of a sacred yet delicate connection like marriage has been commanded in Islam in very explicit and forceful terms, and the separation of a husband and wife is taken extremely seriously. Despite this, there are certain rules and procedures for getting married in Islam if it seems impossible to preserve this marital relationship and an atmosphere of discrepancy is created between the couples. Similarly, there are particular steps and guidelines for ending or leaving this connection. Marriage is a combination of countless virtues and virtues, but one aspect of human nature is that Allah Almighty has made each person's temperament unique. Occasionally, this natural temperamental difference can become so great that it is impossible for two people to live together in one location. Additionally, there is a real concern for corruption if they stick together longer. Allah Almighty has given Muslims laws in Islam that state it is preferable for husbands and wives to separate if they are unable to get along and there is a risk that doing so may result in them transgressing Allah Almighty's commands.
Keywords: Preservation, Connection, Marriage, Separation, Occasionally, Transgressing
Western Concept of Nationalism and Islamic Concept of Nationalism: An Ideological and Philosophical Critique and Analysis
Get PDFWestern nationalism is a modern concept that gave birth to nation-states but because of its dynamic vitality, it is often considered to be a very old concept. Currently all the states are the result of the concept of Western nationalism. Owing to its significance and occasionally all-encompassing nature, it is erroneously believed to have a constant influence on political behavior. One could argue that the American and French revolutions were the first truly potent examples of nationalism. In this concept of Nationalism well defined common territory, race, culture, language, sovereign government, and above all commonalities of interests have got a pivotal role. The Western concept of Nationalism confuses the intellect of the students of history with Islamic background because the Islamic concept of Nationalism has different connotations. This research is Qualitative based on content, discourse and thematic analysis having empirical nature. The main argument of the study is that, the two concepts are entirely different having different backgrounds and different philosophies.
Key Words:
Nation, Nationalism, Nation-State, Western, Islami
A critical review of the interpretations related to "The Story of Yusuf and Zuleikha" in the Ghazals of eloquent poetry اَساتذہ سخن وراں کی غزلیات میں" قصہ یوسف و زلیخا "سے مُتصل تلمیحات کاناقدانہ جائزہ
No full textThe poets in the "Ghazal" genre of Urdu poetry have been relatively more interested in religious stories. From the Deccani period to the modern era, the natural inclination of the poet can be seen in these stories. With the well-known industry of science and innovation, it has been described in poems through hints, which has increased the importance of these stories. The story of "Yusuf Vazlekha" is also related to this poetic tradition, whose presence can be felt in the literature of languages around the world. In this paper, the explanations related to the story "Yusuf wa Zalekha" have been critically evaluated, and an attempt has been made to prove that the Qasr of Urdu Ghazal contains a wealth of information related to the Qur'anic stories that would attract scholars of knowledge. Is. The poetic literary tradition of Urdu is full of stories related to all the religions of the Indian subcontinent.
Keywords: Urdu,Ghazl,Classic,Poets,Allusion,Youaf,Zalekha,Tradition,Quranic tales,religio
Distinct Functions of Language among Different Communities
Get PDFLanguage unites society. Language affects globalization, communication, social identity, group cohesiveness, power structures, creativity, arts, the economy, and language. This abstract suggests studying languages' social functions. This research aimed to investigate the distinct functions of language among different communities and introduced several innovative elements that enhanced and advanced our understanding of the distinct functions of language among different communities. The study has employed quantitative research, utilizing a questionnaire survey administered to 85 individuals from diverse backgrounds worldwide. Through the analysis of survey data, this research has explored the multifaceted nature of language, encompassing communication, cultural identity, social cohesion, power dynamics, artistic expression, and economic interactions. Through cross-cultural comparisons, exploration of digital platforms, investigation of language and identity, and a commitment to inclusivity, the study would pave the way for new avenues of research and inspired future scholars to continue pushing the boundaries of linguistic exploration. The findings have revealed the importance of linguistic diversity and advocated for inclusive language policies and cultural preservation efforts. Ultimately, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the unique roles that language plays within diverse communities, emphasizing the need to value and protect linguistic diversity for a more inclusive society.
Keywords: Language, Distinct Functions, Diverse Communities, Quantitative Research, Cultural Identity, Linguistic Diversity
The Status of Left-Wing Politics in Pakistan after the Dissolution of the Soviet Union
Get PDFThe disintegration of the Soviet Union had a detrimental impact on Pakistan’s already fragmented and feeble Left politics. The retreat of communism in Moscow disappointed Leftists in Pakistan. Faced with disillusionment and frustration, prominent figures in Pakistan’s Left politics responded to the anti-communist measurements in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union during late 1980s in various ways. Some Leftists embraced other social and political ideologies, others went to the field of NGOs, while some remained steadfast in their commitment to the Marxist ideology. Soon after the disintegration, the Leftist political groups in Pakistan attempted to form a broader alliance but this experiment proved unsuccessful. Throughout the first decade of the twenty-first century, these fragmented Left groups struggled to find cohesion. However, in the second decade of twenty-first century, there was a resurgence and a renewed sense of unity within the Left can be noted. Even after some success, the Left is unable to assert it as a political alternat in a time when there is a political vacuum and the mainstream parties failed in addressing the issues of the masses. Left is facing some serious internal and external challenges. Without overcoming these challenges, it can be safely assumed that the Left would be unable to play prominent role in the second half of 2020 too.
Key Words: Left Politics, Pakistan, Disintegration of Soviet Union, Political Alliance