SCIDAR - Дигитална архива Универзитета у Крагујевцу
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PHENOLOGY AND FRUIT CHARACTERISTICS OF AUTOCHTHONOUS APPLE CULTIVARS
Full text linkIn 2014, we evaluated the main phenological and fruit physical-chemical characteristics of apple cultivars grown in western Serbia. The ‘Idared’ cultivar had the earliest start of flowering on March 30, immediately followed by the ‘Kožara’ cultivar on March 31. The cultivars ‘Kiseljaja’, ‘Budimka’ and ‘Kolačara’ cultivars began flowering at the same time on April 3. The ‘Idared’ cultivar was the first to reach full bloom on April 4, followed by the ‘Kožara’ cultivar on April 5. The other cultivars reached full flowering 3 to 4 days after the control cultivar. The results showed significant differences between cultivars in all fruit sizes, fruit weight (g), flesh firmness (kg cm‒2), TSS (°Brix), TA (%) and RI.Publishe
Experimental and Numerical Analyses of the Temperature Field in the Ironing Process
Full text linkThe purpose of this paper is to determine the temperature fields in the workpiece and the tool in the ironing process using an integrated approach that includes laboratory experiments and numerical modelling. An originally developed model device for ironing sheet metal strips, which was previously shaped by U-bending, was used for the experimental research. Thermocouples were installed in the device at the position close to the contact surface with the workpiece. The device was mounted on a hydraulic press that enables maximum ironing speeds of v = 4,17 mm/s. In order to determine the temperature fields at higher ironing speeds, a series of numerical experiments was performed at identical speeds as in the experiments (0,33 mm/s and 4,17 mm/s) and at higher speeds (100 mm/s, 1000 mm/s and 10000 mm/s). Good matches of the experimental and numerical results at lower speeds were obtained, so the numerical estimates at higher speeds were valid for the analysis and conclusions. With the increase of the ironing speed, a trend of temperature increase is evident. The maximum temperature of 166 °C at ironing speed of 10000 mm/s that corresponds to manufacturing of 250 cans per minute is significantly lower than the critical melting temperature of the tin coating.Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation, Republic of Serbia, Grant TR34002 and Grant TR32036.Publishe
Do vaic components contribute to profitability? Case study from the Serbian agricultural sector
Full text linkIn the agricultural sector, the use of physical capital dominates, while the use of intellectual
capital is minimal. The analyzes carried out on the importance and level of development of
intellectual capital and its contribution to the profitability of this sector are modest for now.
VAIC method was applied in the paper. This method is based on monitoring the efficiency of
the use of human capital, the efficiency of structural capital, and the capital employed
efficiency. The study aims to analyze the VAIC component's contribution to the profitability
of agricultural enterprises in Serbia. Profitability is monitored through ROA, ROE, and ROS
indicators. The sample includes 177 active agricultural enterprises that operated in Serbia in
2021. It is concluded that intellectual capital does not significantly contribute to the
profitability of agricultural enterprises. Capital employed efficiency contributes to the ROE of
agricultural enterprises.http://www.custoseagronegocioonline.com.br/numero3v19/OK%204%20vaic%20english.pdfPublishe
STRATEGIES FOR OPTIMIZED FERTILIZER USE: IMPLICATIONS FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND CROP PERFORMANCE
Full text linkThe analysis underlines the crucial role of optimized fertilizer use in modern agriculture, which improves crop performance and energy efficiency. Efficient fertilizer management, including precision agriculture, is essential for sustainability. Data shows a 20% increase in wheat yields and up to 25% increase in soybean yields compared to conventional methods. Energy savings of up to 30% were also found in maize cultivation, 27% in sunflowers and 23% in sugar beet. Further research is essential to understand the long-term impact and scalability of optimized fertilization practices, with interdisciplinary collaboration driving innovation for a more sustainable agricultural future.Publishe
EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF THE BEHAVIOR OF CAPPING BEAMS ACROSS THE PILES IN LOOSE SAND
Full text linkThe test program was conducted on 1G models capping beams over the tops
of the group of 2x2 piles, the purpose of which was to reduce the settlement of the
structure. The test program included six experiments, three of which were conducted on
capping beams without piles and three on capping beams across the tops of the piles,
with pile distances 3d, 4d and 5d, where d is the pile diameter and the pile length is 40
d. Test results show that the current conventional approach to the design of capping
beams across the tops of the piles, where the entire load is entrusted to the piles, is too
conservative and irrational. Instead, it is more economical to apply a low bearing
capacity factor for piles as settlement reducers and maximize use of raft bearing
capacity to carry part of the external load.Publishe
CALCULATIONS IN RASPBERRY PRODUCTION ON FAMILY FARMS IN WESTERN SERBIA
Full text linkThe area of Western Serbia has the highest average production of raspberries and a long tradition and is also recognizable for the quality and export of raspberries. On the family farms of this hilly and mountainous area, raspberry production takes place in small areas with a large labour participation. The research aims to show the production on the average family farm through economic analysis and solve the problem of labour shortage by producing raspberries in an area of 0.2 ha. Based on real data from several such farms, the most important economic parameters were calculated and shown in the calculation of raspberry production. The gross margin with the average raspberry purchase price of €1.8 was €1,300. By calculating the critical values of prices, yields and variable costs, as well as based on a sensitive analysis of the gross margin, the risks and profitability of investing in raspberry plantations were indicated.Publishe
Development of the knowledge base for applications of information-expert systems in the field of food technology
Full text linkThis paper presents a comparative analysis of global (ISO) and local (SRPS) Knowledge Sources (KS) in PDCA (Plan – Do – Check – Act) loop quality, with the ability to monitor innovation intensity in the standardized fields. The study refers to fields of the first and second levels of International Classification Standards (ICS) grouped in clusters of innovation. The paper focuses on the latest trends in the KS, trend lines of certain standardized fields, and intensity of innovation in the field of Food technology (ICS1 = 67) and sub-field Beverages (ICS2 = 67.160). The aim is to monitor the intensity of knowledge innovation, trends, KS and update the Knowledge Base (KB) for applications of Information-Expert System (IES) in ICS fields and quality improvement on the standardization platform.Publishe
A new perspective on the molecular dating of the stone crayfish with an extended phylogeographic information on the species
Full text linkReconstructing the origin and historical biogeography of the Austropotamobius torrentium is hampered by insufficient phylogeographic coverage of the Balkans and deep contradictions in previous molecular dating. The present work extends the phylogeographic coverage to Serbia, a country crucial for understanding the species southward dispersal. Our analysis revealed that the Southern Balkans lineage occurs in most of the country, the Central and southeastern Europe lineage is restricted to the southwest and northeast of the country, while a single population in the north of the country harbors the Lika and Dalmatia lineage, which was previously thought to be restricted to the northern-central Dinarides. Dataset expansion led to revised phylogenetic relationships, which indicated that the Apuseni lineage is not nested within Northern-central Dinarides lineages but arose after the most basal split within Austropotamobius torrentium. This ‘Apuseni first’ phylogeny provides a new perspective for molecular dating, according to which the split between Austropotamobius pallipes and A. torrentium took place in the Late Oligocene, while the formation of the phyletic lineages and the dispersal from the Dinarides to Serbia occurred in the late Miocene and is probably associated with the complex and protracted process of disintegration of the Neogene freshwater lakes in southeastern Europe.The Rufford Foundation (KZ, MI, SĐ, VM, project No. 21189-1), the Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia (KZ, GS and MI, Grant No. 45103-66/2024-03/200007; SĐ, Grant No. 451-03-66/202403/200122; SM, Grant No. 451-03-65/2024-03/200178; VM, Grant No. 451-03-66/2024-03/200178) and the Slovenian Research Agency (DS, Research programme No. P1-0255 and Research project No. J1-3015). DS was additionally supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Sport of Slovenia and the European Regional Development Fund (project RI-SI-2 LifeWatch).https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10750-024-05613-3#author-informationPublishe
ANALYSIS OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND TOTAL AMOUNTS OF MICROORGANISMS IN LAKE VLASINA
Full text linkThe comprehensive examination of Like Vlasina microorganism levels and physico-chemical parameters during summer and winter aimed to assess water quality. The temperature ranged from 2 0C to 24 0C, pH from 6.20 to 8.40. Key indicators, such as ammonia 0.109-0.387 mg dm-3, nitrates 0.111-0.320 mg dm-3, and nitrites 0.002-0.025 mg dm-3, displayed distinct patterns. The count of mesophilic aerobic hemoorganotrophic microorganisms was lowest in winter 100 and peaked in summer 63500 no x 10-3 dm-3 Nitrogen gradients increased with depth. Emphasizing the need for continuous monitoring to prioritize lake protection and address pollution, ensuring its sustained revitalization.Publishe
SMART CLOUD BASED ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM FOR CONTACTLESS VEHICLE CLEANING
No full textThe rise in the overall standard of living leads to an increase in the number of used cars. As the number of cars increases, so do the maintenance requirements. As a result, the growth of vehicle washes is increasing. However, the issue of their economy comes up. The current literature sources present the following ecological and technical issue: how to determine and apply the best use of water and detergent on automated car washing systems while minimizing vehicle washing time.Thus, this paper tries to propose a ecological contactless vehicle washing smart system based on the application of cameras, programabile logilac units and cloud databses for high-quality vehicle washing, monitoring and optimal resources usage.Specifically, the proposed smart system for automatic contactless vehicle washing could be used for water flow regulation, detergent concentration regulation and for managing the process of determining the overall dimensions of the vehicle.https://jibi.aspur.rs/archive/v2/n1/1.phpPublishe