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Correlation between the NASA's Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Data and Indonesia Meteorology and Geophysics Agency of Kalimantan Island
Get PDFThe island of Kalimantan, especially the East Kalimantan area, has been included in the discourse on the development of the State Capital of the Republic of Indonesia. It is necessary to carry out further scientific studies from various aspects, one of which is rainfall. The Meteorology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) and NASA's The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) are agencies for measuring rainfall in Indonesia. The BMKG ground rainfall data recording still leaves a void given the limitations of recording at rain observation stations, while the TRMM satellite rainfall data can provide complete data. The purpose of the study was to analyze the equations and correlations of ground rainfall data BMKG and TRMM satellite rainfall data and analyze the feasibility level of TRMM satellite rainfall data to be able to represent BMKG ground rainfall data that is missing or out of reach of rainfall observation stations. Rainfall data was used for 20 years (1998-2019) at rain stations on the island of Borneo. Data were analyzed in the form of daily, 7 daily, monthly and yearly. The results of the correlation analysis showed that the greater the cumulative number, the greater the similarity of the BMKG and TRMM patterns, with the highest correlation value in the annual cumulative (0.661-0.909). TRMM rainfall data is considered capable and feasible as an alternative in filling in missing BMKG rainfall data, especially as a substitute for certain area data that is difficult to measure
Design Modification of the Horizontal Tail and Performance Simulation of LSU-05NG Drone
Get PDFLSU-05NG is a drone manufactured and developed by LAPAN. The horizontal tail of the aircraft is used to maintain longitudinal stability, however, there has been no study on a tail modification that could improve the performance. The study of tail modification will examine the impact of modifying the airfoil to NACA 2412 and NACA 63-215. The base model of LSU-05NG uses NACA 0012 as the airfoil profile which is used in the horizontal tail. The performance is measured from the value of the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and longitudinal stability. The results are obtained using ANSYS CFX Software. Based on the study, the modification of the horizontal tail has no impact on the lift and drag coefficient, however, impacts greatly on the pitching coefficient which determines the longitudinal stability. The airfoil profile that produces the highest longitudinal stability is NACA 63-215, followed by NACA 2412, and the last is the basic model using NACA 001
A Study in Aerodynamic Optimization of UAV Helicopter Rotor- Blades Planform in Vertical Motion
Get PDFAccording to the objectivity of UAV helicopter, endurance is a valuable performance. To increase the endurance, we need to decrease the helicopter required power. Within the research scope in vertical movement only, 5 parameters of blades planform design were considered as design variables. They are root chord of the blades, taper location, taper ratio, pitch angle, and tip twist angle. Optimization was done using own developed genetic algorithm codes with built-in blade element momentum theory (BEMT) as a performance calculator. It was chosen due to its ability to estimate rotor performance quickly. Several CFD simulation were done to reduce the error of blade element momentum theory calculation. Using constant adjustment methods, BEMT can predict thrust and power with a difference with respect to CFD of 3.8% and 8.2% respectively. The optimization result gives the optimum blades design with improving almost 11% in efficiency which came out from 9.4% reduction in power required which is good for helicopter performance
Required Navigation Performance (RNP) Analysis for ADS-B Data of Makassar-Jakarta Flight using Dot Product Method
Get PDFRequired Navigation Performance (RNP) is known as a performance parameter for a navigation system, where its function is to keep an aircraft within a certain radius of containment. During the flight, an aircraft transmits its real-time location-based on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) technology via Automatic Dependence Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) protocol. However, there are questions about the flight position accuracy. This research aims to analyze the accuracy of ADS-B flight data about RNP requirements. The flight data used is gathered from the FlightRadar24 website and filtered for each flight phase. The selected route used is Makassar (UPG) – Jakarta (CGK) because the route has the highest number of flights per week. The Dot Product method is proposed to calculate the distance between the flight trajectory to the line of flight procedure towards the destination airport. The analysis is conducted based on the compliance of the flight data to the RNP threshold. It is concluded that the majority of evaluated flights in the selected route fly within the RNP boundary. However, some non-complying flights become within the RNP boundary when they are evaluated with other possible published procedure
Development of Aircraft Movement Simulation in Airport Airside Area
Get PDFSoekarno-Hatta Intl Airport had become busier every and each year passed. Based on Airnav’s data in 2016, there was about 1.200 aircraft movement, included take-off and landing, happened in Soekarno-Hatta Intl Airport in one day. These numerous movements made Soekarno-Hatta Intl Airport became the 12th busiest airport in the world based on Airport Council International (ACI). The long queue of the aircraft at the taxiway is deniable and became one of the problems that needs to be resolved. This research would make aircrafts movement simulation in Soekarno-Hatta Intl Airport’s taxiway(s) using Rockwell Arena Simulation software. The simulation results would be total taxiing time of an aircraft, which intersection(s) that traffic happened, and the total of aircraft(s) that doing taxi in and taxi out. This simulation would help to determine and evaluate the factors that initiated the queue in the taxiway and modify taxiing route to reduce the traffic. The results of this research can be applied by the airport as a reference for scheduling aircraft’s departing or arriving, develop airport airside facility, and to improve taxiing route so the duration of aircraft’s taxiing time can be reduce
Conceptual Design of Unmanned Piston-Propeller Cargo Aircraft
Get PDFThe need for a transportation system to transport goods is increasing, especially for regions in Indonesia that are included in the leading, remote, and disadvantaged (3T) categories. This paper will discuss the conceptual design of an unmanned cargo aircraft with a piston-propeller engine which can later be operated in the 3T area. The design will begin with a discussion of DRO, followed by a concept of the aircraft configuration. After the configuration is formed, the aerodynamic characteristics will be calculated, the weight will be predicted, and flight performance calculations and aircraft stability will be calculate
Enhancement of Human Sensory and Motor Skills using Collaboration of Eye - Ear Focus and Body - Arm - Hand Gesture in No-Touch 3D Interactive Aircraft Game
Get PDFNowadays, human sensory and motor skills enhancement is very important to be alert from the effect of the Society 5.0 era. We propose the novel approach to enhance human sensory and motor skills using collaboration of senses focus and body parts gesture in no-touch3D interactive aircraft game. A player interacts with a virtual display using gestures of his body, arm, hand, or collaboration of them as a controller to engage in a 3D game. This game is based on an aircraft education theme. By sweeping the hand to the left or right, a player can select one of many different aircraft models according to its specification and performance are shown on the screen based on the estimation of his current skill. The mission is to control aircraft avoiding the random balls attack to prevent a collision. Hand and arm are positioned above a leap motion sensor and in front of a camera. The body, arm, and hand gesture directions are to forward or backward from the screen to the right or left, and also to up or down freely. This system is developed by using Unity 3D, OpenCV, and Python. Many skills are possible to be improved, e.g., motivation, discipline, safety awareness, endurance management, strategy, precision, intelligence, creativity, reliability, toughness, and vision. This project has been tested in the Air Force Museum of Dirgantara Mandala involving more than 1000 visitors as testing participants, and they all feel satisfied. The score is calculated by time in second. The results show endurance time is 32% (<60 s), 31% (<120 s), 25% (<160 s), and 12 % (180 s) of the total300 seconds of the gam
Manufacturing of E-Glass/Epoxy Composite LSU-03 Propeller Using Hand Lay-up Method
Get PDFHand lay-up method is frequently used by small companies. It is due to its flexibility and low-cost considerations. One of the qualities problems that normally arises is the product unevenness. This study was carried out to analyse this variation on manufacturing E-glass/epoxy plates specimen and propeller product. Void and fibre volume fraction of manufactured plates are measured based on ASTM-D2734. Propellers of LSU-03 aircraft were manufactured and analysed to find out the uniformity of the product in terms of its mass and size. To determine product compatibility with the design, the geometry and the thickness were measured at several points of propeller. In addition to this, a balancing process is carried out to find out the mass balance point
Radar Cross Section Analysis of Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle (UCAV) using FEKO Software
Get PDFRadar technology development encourages each country to develop military aircraft with small Radar Cross Section (RCS) size to bring out stealth behaviour, so that it is not easily detected by the enemy. In designing an airplane, computational methods become one of the best solutions in simulating the behaviour of an aircraft geometry when illuminated by electromagnetic waves. On this study, a calculation simulation of the RCS value was performed using FEKO (FElding bei Körn mit beliebiger Oberfläche) EM Simulation software for unmanned combat aerial vehicles (UCAV). Simulations are carried out in various conditions to find out factors affecting RCS value. These factors were analysed by varying radar frequency, material coating the plane, and methods of computational calculation. The results show that the greater the frequency, the greater the computational resources required as on higher number of mesh, more time needed to run the simulation, and required memory. However, the frequency is not directly proportional to the RCS value of the object. Methods of Momentum (MoM) and Multilevel Fast Multipole Method (MLFMM) perform computation calculations that are more detailed and more accurate comparedto Physical Optic (PO) full-ray tracin
The Development of a Quantitative RCM/MSG Application using Microsoft Office
Get PDFThe number of small to medium scale industries makes the development of a low cost and easy to use application to support maintenance programs development is necessary. Besides for industries, the developed application can be used also in the academic field for research. For cost reasons, the application is developed using Microsoft Access and Microsoft Excel. The development of the application is carried out in three steps, i.e. the determination of application specifications, the programming in Microsoft Access and Microsoft Excel, and the validation and user-friendly test. The application is developed by considering the relationship between the risk quantification of a failure effect and the selection of a maintenance task and its interval. The effectiveness assessments are based on the failure risk reduction up to an acceptable level. The developed application is named "Quantitative RCM/MSG". The application can conduct a database management according to the steps of the RCM/MSG method. The application can determine the required maintenance tasks and intervals for the category of evident and hidden failure effects by taking the safety and financial aspects into account. This application does its functions correctly and easy to use. For further application development, application can be developed using series and combination systems. Application with module redesign on default actio