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The Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences, Social Support, and Adolescent Mental Health Outcomes
No full textAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs), preventable traumatic events that occur before a person reaches 18 years of age, have long lasting implications for an individual’s health, educational attainment, and socioeconomic status. In my thesis, I examine the relationship between adverse childhood experiences when the child is 9 years old and his or her mental health outcomes when he or she reaches 15 years old. In addition, I examine whether having access to social support at the time of adverse experiences moderates the association between ACEs and adolescent mental health outcomes. Using longitudinal data from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS; N=2,509), I find a strong association between adverse childhood experiences and adolescent depression. However, for adolescent anxiety, there is only an association when the adolescent experienced multiple categories of adverse childhood experiences. I do not find evidence that having access to social support at the time of experiencing ACEs moderates the association between ACEs and adolescent mental health outcomes. The results emphasize the importance of protecting children from toxic environments, and the results further understandings of the social determinants of mental health outcomes. In particular, mental health outcomes like depression or anxiety, which are commonly attributed to biological factors, such as genetics or physical health, are also linked to social conditions during childhood
A History of the Calculus of Variations and its Applications
No full textThis thesis is about the Calculus of Variations and its history. It will go over who the contributors were and how variational calculus continues to evolve into what it is today. It will include some problems that brought up the idea of this topic and how they came about solving it. We will also go over some examples of calculus of variations and some of its applications in our society today
Accessibility Advances at East Carolina University: Sensory Room in Joyner Library
No full textThis project aimed to provide essential resources to neurodiverse students at East Carolina University, fostering a sense of inclusion within the university community. To develop an effective resource that addresses the needs of the neurodiverse population without ostracizing them, we conducted interviews with many students and faculty members. These discussions offered valuable insights into the experiences of neurodiverse individuals on campus and identified additional resources that needed to be developed. Through a combination of interviews and internet research, our team recognized the importance of creating a centralized resource to help both neurodiverse students and their peers. We designed a sensory room equipped with various features, such as alternative seating and sensory tools to provide students with options for decompressing during the typical school day in East Carolina University’s Main Campus Library (Joyner Library). Building on the positive feedback received from the initial Sensory Room in Joyner Library, we inspired the conversion of six study rooms into alternative study spaces closely modeled after the original sensory room. This initiative aims to enhance the overall campus experience for neurodiverse students, ensuring they feel welcomed and supported
Betting on the NCAA Tournament
No full textThis paper examines the profitability of betting on the first round of the NCAA Men's Basketball Tournament, due to the fact that upsets are more common in the first round. Betting on specific combinations of tournament seeds were examined using historical odds from every tournament from 2010 to 2023, By simulating combinations of seed bets and calculating returns, the research aims to identify the most profitable strategies. The findings reveal that while betting on lower seeds like #11 and #15 can be profitable, the overall success varies significantly by year, with 2012 being an extreme outlier due to a high number of upsets
UNDERSTANDING BARRIERS IN RESPIRATORY EQUIPMENT IMPLEMENTATION AMONG WILDLAND FIREFIGHTERS
No full textBackground:
Over the past decade, awareness has grown among wildland firefighters about the health risks associated with smoke exposure and cancer. In June 2022 the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) reclassified occupational exposure for firefighters as Group 1, carcinogenic to humans. However, limited data exist on respiratory protection practices, perceived barriers to adopting protective equipment, and chemical risk knowledge among firefighters. Understanding these gaps and barriers is essential for developing effective protection protocols and education programs.
Specific Aims:
This study aimed to evaluate firefighters’ chemical risk knowledge of smoke produced in wildland/Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) fire incidents, identify knowledge and perception gaps between leadership and non-leadership levels, and explore attitudes, barriers and motivators to respiratory protection across leadership roles.
Methods:
A mixed-methods approach was employed using The Wildfire Conservancy Respiratory Protection Survey (n=766) and key informant interviews with non-leadership and leadership firefighters (n=27). In the quantitative analysis, data were analyzed using RStudio (version 2024.04.2+764) and the qualitative thematic analyses were conducted using Dedoose (version 9.2.012). The study applied Social Cognitive Theory to investigate cognitive, behavioral, and environmental factors influencing the use of respiratory protection among wildland firefighters.
Results:
The Wildfire Conservancy Survey revealed that 85.9% of firefighters do not use respiratory protection during wildland/WUI incidents, with cloth masks being the most commonly used form of respiratory protection (67.8). Significant knowledge gaps were found regarding hazardous chemical produced by smoke. No significant differences in chemical knowledge were observed between firefighters in leadership versus non-leadership (p-value=0.646). Impaired breathing (64.2%) emerged as a major barrier in respiratory protection. Leadership exhibited significantly more concern about the size of the respiratory equipment (p-value=0.004), whereas non-leadership firefighters placed greater importance on the appearance of the equipment (p-value=0.004). Cancer risk reduction (74.8%) was the strongest health motivator for respiratory protection use for both leadership and non-leadership. Key informant interviews highlighted leadership’s influence on respiratory protection adoption, with non-leadership firefighters being less likely to adopt protection due to cultural norms and perceived feasibility.
Discussion:
Significant knowledge gaps regarding smoke exposure risks and respiratory protection exist among wildland firefighters. Targeted training across all ranks is needed to raise awareness, and leadership must model protective behavior to improve equipment adoption. Current respiratory methods are inadequate, underscoring the need for effective, practical solutions. Addressing cultural norms that discourage safety measures and creating a national standard for respiratory protection are essential for fostering safer wildland firefighting practices
What Makes a Happy Couple? The Impact of Body Image, Attachment Style, and Mating Motives on Relationship Satisfaction
No full textFor young adults, romantic relationships are essential sources of emotional and social support. As the happiness experienced in these relationships is tied to individual wellbeing, it’s important to examine the elements that contribute to overall relationship satisfaction. Previous research has indicated the importance of body image, attachment style, and mating motives on individual happiness; the present study explores the impact of these factors on relationship satisfaction utilizing a within-couples study design. Three hypotheses are tested: 1) Individuals with higher body image ratings will report greater relationship satisfaction; 2) Individuals with a secure attachment style will report greater relationship satisfaction; and 3) Higher relationship satisfaction will correlate with stronger mate retention motives and weaker mate seeking motives. 15 college-aged couples in long-term relationships are administered questionnaires assessing each of the above factors. Two-way and one-way MANOVAs are employed to analyze the hypotheses. Exploratory results found that mate retention motives and affiliation motives explained some of the variance in one’s relationship satisfaction
GRAVITY CONSTRAINTS ON THE TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF THE SIBUNDOY VALLEY, EASTERN CORDILLERA OF COLOMBIA
No full textThe Sibundoy Valley is a hinterland basin, located in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, near the Ecuadorian border. The valley trends to the northeast and has a rhomboidal shape with an approximate area of 100 km2. The hinterland basin is near the wedge top of a retro-arc basin between the Andean magmatic arc and the Guiana craton. Here, multiple fault types are active due to oblique convergence between the Nazca Plate and South America Plate. The North Andean Block is moving with a slip rate of 21-22 mm/year eastward and a 5-6 mm/year northward. Therefore, two potential models are proposed to explain the tectonic evolution of the Sibundoy Valley. In model 1, a step over between strike-slip faults produced a pull apart basin. In model 2, a system of reverse faults produced a contractional piggyback basin. To distinguish between these models, a combination of surface geology, gravity modeling and density measurements has been used.
Complete Bouguer Anomaly values indicate that the Sibundoy Valley has a negative anomaly of 30 mGal. The density of the basin infill is approximately 1.8 g/cm3. This density estimate is constrained by measured values of surface rocks and comparison of variable density subsurface gravity models. Overall, the 3-D shape of the basin was determined by gridding together multiple 2-D gravity transect models. These show the basin has a half-graben shape where the deepest depression (-1300 m) is located at the southwestern side of the basin, and it thins to the northeast. It is likely that a normal fault created most of the accommodation space at the southwestern side of the basin, creating the half-graben shape. The northwest to southeast trending models suggests that a shallowly dipping fault outcrops at the northwestern side of the basin and extends as a master fault underneath the basin to the south. Gravity models also disallow a traditional strike-slip step over geometry as steep strike-slip basin bounding faults do not fit measured gravity data. Unfortunately, the gravity models do not provide the kinematics of the master fault, despite well constraining its geometry so the three different types of basins (piggyback, pull-apart, and hinterland basins) are still possible. Nevertheless, a rifting (or supradetachment) hinterland basin may be the most likely model to describe the tectonic evolution of the basin, considering the shape of the basin, geologic setting, and transtentional kinematics of the faults
Turning Trauma into Dancing
No full textAbstract
This paper explores the connection between modern dance and healing from post-traumatic stress. A case study of Alfredo Hurtado, a U.S. Army veteran wounded in combat and present-day modern dancer, is used to illustrate how modern dance helped him cope with PTSD. The study integrates both qualitative and quantitative methods, including interviews and personality assessments, to assess how dance contributed to his healing
Five Days in June: The Archaeological and Historical Legacy of Saipan's Open Ocean Seadrome
Get PDFSaipan’s open ocean seadrome was an unconventional and expedient solution to an emergent operational challenge. Operation FORAGER, the invasion of the Northern Marianas, was unexpectedly contested by the Japanese First Mobile Fleet. The United States Fifth Fleet immediately implemented an expedient non-traditional seadrome in the open ocean for emergent long-range searches. It accepted and managed significant operational risk by establishing and operating this atypical seadrome outside a sheltered anchorage — and in harm’s way — to support vital PBM-3D Mariner seaplane night Radio Direction and Ranging search operations.
Previous archaeological efforts have yielded a commanding knowledge of the traditional seadrome in Saipan’s Tanapag Harbor. Surveys of the captured Japanese seaplane base with existing infrastructure have contributed markedly to the archaeological record. A more thorough effort devoted explicitly to the innovative, high-risk, high-reward implementation of the initial open ocean seadrome and its contribution to the archaeological record has yet to be undertaken.
This open ocean seadrome, established in the opening days of the battle, provided the initial long-range search crucially required for the security of the United States Fifth Fleet. Assessing the impact these patrol planes had on the conduct and outcome of the battle informs an underreported, yet critical, aspect of the Battle of the Philippine Sea. This facility also served as an essential proof of concept that demonstrated the temporary viability of an open ocean seadrome. Lessons from this evolution heavily informed future Pacific seadromes and seaplane tender support requirements.
Although the exact location of this seadrome remains speculative, archival resources provide the level of geographic fidelity needed to conduct an appropriate archaeological site survey. A PBM-3D maritime patrol seaplane accidentally sank at this anchorage, but without the catastrophic damage and dislocation generally associated with traditional aircraft crashes. Locating, surveying, and recording this aircraft in situ would theoretically provide consequential site formation and cultural and environmental impact data.
Other associated archaeologically significant artifacts may also be present. These artifacts would further contribute to and validate the archaeological record and inform open ocean seadrome operational practices and seaplane tender support activities. The open ocean seadrome was established upon the Saipan Shelf, the invasion's primary amphibious force staging area. The potential for opportunistic incidental artifact discovery to inform the archaeological interpretation of the battle should also not be underestimated.
This area is approximately 100 feet (31 meters) deep. Search efforts included traditional methods and sought to inform the viability and reliability of leveraging various detection technologies, such as Light Detection and Ranging, adapted for maritime archaeological surveys. Geographic Information Systems software and data were utilized to establish search areas and parameters based on historical records and to assist in mapping the locations of any cultural material associated with the open ocean seadrome. Experimentation with these technologies contributes to their continued development and integration into existing archaeological methods, improving their future effectiveness
