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Linkages between CBDC and cryptocurrency uncertainties, and digital payment stocks
No full textWe examine the connectedness between CBDC uncertainty, cryptocurrency policy uncertainty (UCRY policy), cryptocurrency price uncertainty (UCRY price), and digital payment stock returns and volatility using data from November 20, 2015, to December 30, 2022. We find CBDC uncertainty is a net recipient, while UCRY policy and UCRY price are net transmitters. Most digital payment stocks are net recipients except for the three largest of VISA, Mastercard, and American Express. Finally, net pairwise connectedness shows weak connectedness between uncertainties indices and digital payment stocks, consistent with the hedging capability of digital payment stocks against the uncertainties of CBDC and cryptocurrency markets
In the land of the blind: Exceptional subterranean speciation of cryptic troglobitic spiders of the genus Tegenaria (Araneae: Agelenidae) in Israel
No full textCaves have long been recognized as a window into the mechanisms of diversification and convergent evolution, due to the unique conditions of isolation and life in the dark. These lead to adaptations and reduce dispersal and gene flow, resulting in high levels of speciation and endemism. The Israeli cave arachnofauna remains poorly known, but likely represents a rich assemblage. In a recent survey, we found troglophilic funnel-web spiders of the genus Tegenaria in 26 caves, present mostly at the cave entrance ecological zone. In addition, we identified at least 14 caves inhabited by troglobitic Tegenaria, which are present mostly in the twilight and dark ecological zones. Ten of the caves, located in the north and center of Israel, are inhabited by both troglophilic and troglobitic Tegenaria. These spiders bear superficial phenotypic similarities but differ in the levels of eye reduction and pigmentation. To test whether these taxa constitute separate species, as well as understand their relationships to epigean counterparts, we conducted a broad geographic sampling of cave-dwelling Tegenaria in Israel and Palestine, using morphological and molecular evidence. Counterintuitively, our results show that the troglobitic Tegenaria we studied are distantly related to the troglophilic Tegenaria found at each of the cave entrances we sampled. Moreover, seven new troglobitic species can be identified based on genetic differences, eye reduction level, and features of the female and male genitalia. Our COI analysis suggest that the Israeli troglobitic Tegenaria species are more closely related to eastern-Mediterranean congeners than to the local sympatric troglophile Tegenaria species, suggesting a complex biogeographic history
The embodiment of shell housing: collective creativity for customising dwellings
No full textIncremental housing signifies a solution for low-income households, one in which the government creates shell dwellings favourable to adjustments by the owners, defined as nuclear families receiving state support. The shell house represents an unfinished unit as the envelope of the building whose interior completion depends on the low-income families\u27 investment. It constitutes the permanent structure with the service parts, particularly pipes, cable, and basic features of the kitchen and toilet, as a point of departure for the occupants\u27 customisation. The author used descriptive observation, questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews to examine dwellings\u27 infill and attachments in Villa Verde, Lo Espejo condominium, and Las Higueras. The hypothesis holds that low-income families\u27 efforts to complete the unfinished house cultivate the sense of home embodiment spawned by their collective creativity. Interpreting collected data for the firework, the author used critical phenomenology to argue for households\u27 embodiment within their shell houses. This embodiment designates social bonding between families during units\u27 adjustment that fosters occupants\u27 alliances. The article concludes with three terms—readymade, habits, and measurement—as attitude of families’ transformation of houses. It underlines how the building knowledge is acquired from familiarity with their neighbours, the importance of intimacy that progresses from frequent and repetitive interaction between residents, and the significance of cohabiting as a family\u27s awareness of belonging to the house embedded through being stationary in a place
Impact of chemical reaction on the thermal stability of micropolar nanofluid with rough boundaries and passive control on nanoparticles: Neural networking
No full textThis paper demonstrates the impact of chemical reactions on the onset of thermal convection in micropolar nanofluid using no flux and rough boundaries. For solving rough boundaries, we have implemented a Saffman-interface condition. Here, we consider the micropolar non-Newtonian nanofluid, which has an important role in many industrial applications. For linear stability, we use the normal mode technique (NMT) to convert the controlling system of a partial differential equation (PDE) into an eigenvalue problem (EVP) and solve it numerically using the finite difference based three stage Lobatto IIIa method. The stationary mode is found to be the dominant mode of convection. Increasing the values of coupling coefficient between heat flux and spin Hall effect (δ), the coupling coefficient between spin Hall effects and vorticity (K), roughness parameters (λ 1, λ 2), chemical reaction parameter (Cr) and modified diffusivity ratio (N A) and parameter of micro-polarity (A) in the nanofluid delays the convection, thus stabilizing the system. Later, with 81 data points, an artificial neural network (ANN) embedded with multiplayer perception (MLP) is used to determine the relationship between four controlling parameters and Rayleigh critical number
Influence of amino acids on bacterioplankton production, biomass and community composition at Ocean Station Papa in the subarctic Pacific
No full textBacterioplankton play a central role in carbon cycling, yet their relative contributions to carbon production and removal can be difficult to constrain. As part of the Export Processes in the Ocean from RemoTe Sensing (EXPORTS) program, this study identifies potential influences of bacterioplankton community and dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition on carbon cycling at Ocean Station Papa in August 2018. Surface (5-35 m) bacterioplankton production rates and stocks spanned a 2- to 3-fold range over the 3-week cruise and correlated positively with the DOM degradation state, estimated using the mole proportion of total dissolved amino acids. When the DOM was more degraded, 16S rRNA gene amplicon data revealed a less diverse bacterioplankton community with a significant contribution from members of the Flavobacteriaceae family. Over the course of 7-10 d, as the DOM quality improved (became less degraded) and bacterioplankton productivity increased, the responding bacterioplankton community became more diverse, with increased relative contributions from members of the SAR86, SAR11 and AEGEAN-169 clades. The cruise mean for mixed layer, depth-integrated bacterioplankton carbon demand (gross bacterioplankton production) was 5.2 mmol C m-2 d-1, representing 60% of net primary production, where the difference between net primary production and bacterioplankton carbon demand was less than sinking flux at 50 m. The concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (cruise average of 58.5 mM C) did not exhibit a systematic change over the cruise period.Therefore, we hypothesize that carbon supplied from gross carbon production, values that were 2- to 3-fold greater than net primary production, provided the carbon necessary to account for the sinking flux and bacterioplankton carbon demand that were in excess of net primary production.These findings highlight the central contributions of bacterioplankton to carbon cycling at Ocean Station Papa, a site of high carbon recycling
Optimal lifetime income annuity without bequest: Single and annual premiums
No full textThis paper studies the optimal annuitization, risk-free investment, and consumption problem in a post-retirement lifecycle model without bequest motives. We characterize annuitization in scenarios where a retiree allocates wealth to a lifetime income annuity in exchange for single or annual premiums. We show that demand for an annuity is influenced by risk aversion in exchange for a single premium and by wealth for annual premiums. The effect of allocating wealth to purchase a lifetime income annuity increases with higher risk aversion for a single premium and decreases with residual wealth for annual premiums. We compare the certainty equivalence of investment yielding the same utility in an actuarially fair pricing framework and show that the product with annual premiums is more attractive. Finally, we show that partial annuitization can be optimal for different risk levels. Our findings thus reflect an explanation for the “annuity puzzle” in the literature on lifecycle consumption
From Wavelet Analysis to Fractional Calculus: A Review
No full textIn this note, we review some important results on wavelets, together with their main applications. Similarly, we present the main results on fractional calculus and their current applications in pure and applied science. We conclude the paper showing the close interconnection between wavelet analysis and fractional calculus
Chitosan coated magnetic cellulose nanowhisker as a drug delivery system for potential colorectal cancer treatment
No full textPolysaccharide-based magnetic nanocomposites can eminently illuminate several attractive features as anticancer drug carriers. In this study, rice straw-based cellulose nanowhisker (CNW) was used as solid support for Fe3O4 nanofillers to synthesize magnetic CNW. Then, cross-linked chitosan-coated magnetic CNW for 5-fluorouracil carrier abbreviated as CH/MCNW/5FU. Fourier-transform infrared, X-Ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis indicated successful fabrication and multifunctional properties of the CH/MCNW/5FU nanocomposites. In addition, CH/MCNW/5FU nanocomposites showed hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential value of 181.31 ± 3.46 nm and +23 ± 1.8 mV, respectively. Based on images of transmission electron microscopy, magnetic CNW as reinforcement was coated with chitosan to obtain almost spherical CH/MCNW/5FU nanocomposites with an average diameter of 37.16 ± 3.08. The nanocomposites indicated desired saturation magnetization and thermal stability, high drug encapsulation efficiency, and pH-dependent swelling and drug release performance. CH/MCNW/5FU nanocomposites showed potent killing effects against colorectal cancer cells in both 2D monolayer and 3D spheroid models. These findings suggest CH/MCNW as a potential carrier for anticancer drugs with high tumour-penetrating capacity
Panel data and descriptor for energy econometrics – an efficiency, resilience and innovation analysis
No full textThe work at hand presents a new extensive panel dataset for energy economics, econometrics and policy. The referred dataset is made of 5000 observations circa, including 6 energy economics variables and the majority of the world’s countries (n = 136), extended for 6 years (2009–2014). Data can be used for diverse energy econometrics studies, especially for socioeconomic and environmental aspects of energy innovation and efficiency investigations. The analysed data can be exploited for further analyses to improve our understanding of resilience and vulnerability aspects of the domestic industry, examined at the global scale. To this end, several databases were chosen from the IEA, the World Bank and their partners. Data were collected, cleaned, treated, harmonised and analysed to return a new panel dataset. Both the new data organisation and the descriptor can be used as tools and guidance to perform sustainability, innovation and entrepreneurial inquiries and analyses, focusing on energy economics, econometrics and development policy
Embedding Equitable Design in the CS Computing Curricula
No full textComputer science (CS) students\u27 curricula is heavily focused on technical skills, and CS ethics, usability, equity, and people/society considerations are not well-integrated into the CS curriculum. If these topics are introduced, they are disconnected from the core courses. As a result, students do not learn to incorporate inclusive practices into their software designs. Thus, students create software through the perspective of a computer scientist - when the important perspective is that of the intended users. As a result, students entering the workforce are inclined to design software that is non-inclusive. We propose the integration of inclusive design in the undergraduate curriculum will result in students creating inclusive software. This research, based on the foundations of inclusive design methods, investigates a new approach to teaching CS. Inclusive software design is embedded into computing courses for all four years of the undergraduate CS curriculum. This new approach is minimally invasive , occupying very little classroom time, instead it is integrated into the course work that is already assigned. With this work, we hope to answer the following questions: (1) Will this new approach improve students\u27 ability to design inclusive software (2) Will this approach create an inclusive climate among peers (3) Will it affect student\u27s success or lack thereof (4) How and to what extent is this embedded inclusive design curriculum feasible to use