International Journal for Innovation Education and Research (IJIER)
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Experience Tourism and Cultural Equipment: The artisanal production of CEPRAMA in São Luís-MA
No full textThis article's main objective is studying the conceptual relationships that intertwine between the tourist phenomenon and the appreciation of local culture in the city of São Luís/MA. Having as object of study the development process of the production, exhibition and sale of handicrafts in the Center for Craft Production of Maranhão (CEPRAMA). Focusing on broader concepts such as: culture, experience tourism and cultural tourism, unfolding into more specific concepts such as: heritage, cultural facilities, crafts and identity. The research is relevant for studying an activity of great importance to the city's economy, cultural tourism, which seeks to value local culture through the acquisition of knowledge from the tourist and the community. For the discussion to develop, authors such as: Eagleton (2011), Barreto (2003), Fernandes (2015), Hall (2006), Panosso Netto (2010), Tuan (1983), among others were used. This is a bibliographical and documentary research (since it is characterized as one of the chapters of the Master's Thesis, it will analyze instrumental aspects of the research in loco), where the discussion seeks to maintain an interdisciplinary and transversal dialogue between the concepts, focusing on the importance the cultural appreciation and the gains that the tourist phenomenon can provide to the city of São Luís/MA
SOCIAL INEQUALITIES AND YOUTH: RACIAL ISSUES UNDER REFLECTION
No full textThe struggle against social inequalities in Brazil has been the center of analysis in several areas of knowledge. Scholars, public managers, researchers, and public policymakers strive to diagnose and implement measures to reduce inequalities in the Brazilian context. Among the multiple forms of manifestation of such inequalities, the social markers of gender, race, and social class are the most investigated. However, color or race occupies a central space in most of the debates given the process of the socio-historical constitution of Brazil. In this debate, besides the aspects that are related to the Brazilian development process characteristics, whose dynamics have produced erasures and silencing throughout the country's history, black youth are among those included. As a consequence, the partial inclusion of the black, brown, or indigenous populations in this process has translated into higher levels of economic and social vulnerability, with greater incidence in some communities. The present reflection analyzes the impact of the social racial marker among the black Brazilian youth. The bibliographical-investigative methodological procedure is used
The Changing Role of Higher Education Institutions on Research and Innovation in Africa: A Systematic Review
No full textResearch and innovation are crucial in the process of achieving sustainable development goals. Given the significant role Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) play in research. Africa is still grappling with both the changing higher education global landscape and fostering of a research culture that addresses its own societal needs. This study explored the changing role of HEIs on research and innovation and the bottlenecks to its’ realisation in Africa. E-literature was searched from online databases mainly Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase and African Journals Online. The search strategy considered relevant content on the subject by use of keywords, purpose of the study and year of publication (2010 to 2021). Overall, the search yielded 889,264 results. From Google Scholar, 805,000 were found, ScienceDirect; 9196, PubMed; 1168, Embase; 63100, and African Journals Online; 10800. The Cochrane review protocol and the PRISMA flowchart were used to assess the relevance of these articles. Eventually, 107 full articles were critically analysed for legibility resulting in 16 studies, which were included. Research and innovation as well as the role of HEIs to the two are keywords of the time. This role has been changing to meet up with globalization demands and increase in population. While their indigenous role was co-creation of knowledge and transfer, they have of recent past surged to create innovation ecosystems, transfer technologies, promotion innovation and research and its’ management. They have gained an ascendancy in sustainability debates as engines of innovation most especially in science, technology, and human progress. This changing role has been compounded by shortcomings such as inadequate competences in the use of emerging ICTs, inadequate funding, curriculum content that does not clearly spell out practical life skills, innovation opportunities, and corporate social responsibility that is still very low. The changing role of HEIs in research in Africa is evidently clear and has been from creation of new knowledge and its transfer to one that is need-driven, entrepreneurial, transformational, and able to reconfigure the status of innovation systems for regional socio-economic transformation. The limitations to its realization could be mitigated through institutional collaboration, funding and customization of research
Ecodesign in the use of the Amazonian Peãozinho wood for making an eco-efficient product
No full textIn the midst of the current logging scenario and the growing concerns and actions in favor of preserving the environment, research related to the insertion of new tree species in the market and about the design of products with low environmental impact are of paramount importance for the development of forest management and product design activities. Thus, The holistic view, which includes everything from the extraction of the raw material to the final disposal of the product, guided this research in order to show the technological potential of the species Micrandopsis scleroxylon W. Rodr. through machining and validation processes by making an eco-efficient product. The methodology adopted was: survey of the demand, designing of the concept, definition of the function, generation and materialization of alternatives, tests and refinements and presentation of the final solution. The results obtained in the process of machining the wooden material of the species were excellent throughout the process. It is believed that the approach inherent to small diameter trees, for the benefit of forest management, provides the understanding that it is possible to make use of them in the manufacture of the most varied wooden artifacts. Contributing to further research on Little Known Species
Environmental education in the context of sustainable water resource management
No full textThe population covered by the hydrographic basins of the Piracicaba, Capivari, and Jundiaí rivers is exposed to continuous episodes of water scarcity. The imbalance of supply to demand could have originated in the increase in consumption, reduction in the volume of rainfall and water stocks in the reservoirs, or even in the confluence of these with other factors. Achieving sustainability and water security, therefore, depends on efficient management plans. In this article, the authors propose to evaluate the contribution of Environmental Education in the context of sustainable management of water resources. Based on the data analysis collected in the Reports of the Hydrographic Basins of the Piracicaba, Capivari, and Jundiaí rivers and Law 9433/97, which instituted the National Policy on Water Resources, they search evidence of the correlation between values, education, and awareness regarding the use of water resources. However, although foreseen, Environmental Education practices are not part of the list of measures to mitigate water scarcity in the analyzed context
Technological innovation, tax incentives and economic efficiency in the Brazilian scenario: Analysis of the case of the State of Piauí
No full textThe current market imposes on economic agents the use of different strategies to achieve a sure competitive differential or even enough for the regular maintenance of their organizations. From this perspective, innovations emerge as an alternative capable of boosting the revenues of companies and technological development, a fact that, as a consequence, leads to an improvement in the well-being of the population, income distribution, and socioeconomic progress. In this context, it is up to the public authorities to adopt different incentive instruments to create an environment conducive to innovation in the country and in each state, such as tax incentives, which stimulate such activities by eliminating or reducing tax collection. So, considering the peculiarities of the State of Piauí, which presents incipient figures on technological innovation, this paper aims to analyze the effects of public policies of tax incentives for technological innovation in this part of the federation alternatives for improvement given the reality found. It is a bibliographic, documental, descriptive, exploratory research, with an inductive method and qualitative approach, carrying out a case study in which the actual context of Piauí State using the Law and Economics instrumental as an analysis tool. With this methodology, we were able to confirm our hypothesis that there are flaws in the public policies that currently exist and, therefore, the improvement of actions and public projects to support innovation with a focus on the State's specificities, a measure that is needed
Wood residues from Zygia racemosa (Ducke) Barneby & J.W. Grimes: Secondary metabolites, physical properties and anatomical aspects of the wood: Secondary metabolites, physical properties and anatomical aspects of Zygia racemosa
No full textZygia racemosa (Ducke) Barneby & J.W. Grimes (syn. Pithecellobium racemosum Ducke) is a large tree with its geographic distribution restricted to South America (Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, French Guiana, Peru and Suriname). It has a wide occurrence in the Brazilian Amazon and is abundant in campinarana and terra firme forest. In the present work, we evaluated the secondary metabolites, physical properties and anatomical aspects of wood residues of the species. The chromatographic fractionations of the hexane extract led to the isolation of steroids identified as spinastenone (1) and spinaterol (2). The methanol extract provided the steroids 1 and nonanoate-cholest-7, 22-dien-3β-ol (3), the triterpenes oleanolic acid (4) and 3β,21β-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (5). The basic density found was 0.81 g/cm3 and the anisotropic factor was 1.90, which confirms its excellent quality. The acquisition of a sample of wood residues from Zygia racemosa was an opportunity to generate knowledge regarding the secondary metabolism, the physical properties and the anatomical aspects of the wood of this species. The steroids and triterpenes identified suggest that they are associated with plant defense in Z. racemosa
Biological Assessments of Baccharis dracunculifolia DC from a Cerrado fragment in Central-West Brazil
No full textBaccharis dracunculifolia is used as an herbal medicine, and green propolis, synthesized by Apis mellifera bees from it, has inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial principles. This bee product is effective in combating a series of microorganisms in folk medicine, so it is essential to develop research to prove this effectiveness. The objectives of the work were to analyze the microbiological profile, dose the flavonoids and verify the plant's antioxidant activity. The aerial parts were collected in a fragment of cerrado sul-mato-grossense and processed, obtaining extracts with hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol. For microbiological analysis, Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was seeded in agar and filter discs were soaked with the extracts and, together with the control group, were placed in Petri dishes for subsequent measurement of inhibition halos. To measure the flavonoids and evaluate the antioxidant activity, processed leaves were taken to Soxhlet for extraction in methanol. An aliquot was read in a spectrophotometer with different concentrations of quercetin to build a standard curve. The antioxidant assay was based on the radical reduction and development method using DPPH. As a result, all extracts showed inhibition of bacterial growth, indicating antimicrobial activity of the plant. Flavonoids with satisfactory antioxidant activity were also found. Taking into account that B. dracunculifolia is used as a medicinal plant, studies such as this one can corroborate with such use, since the scientific proof of possible herbal medicines is essential for the pharmaceutical industry and for health professionals, contributing to the evolution of medicine
LEGAL NORMATIVE INSTRUMENTS OF UNIFIED SYSTEM OF SOCIAL ASSISTANCE ON CARING AND SHELTERING WOMEN VICTIMS OF GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE IN THE STATE OF MARANHAO
No full textWomen victims of gender violence is a complex and multiple phenomenon that stands out in different parameters of discussion and confrontation. This structure of violence rooted and present in our society appears in a colonial historical context marked by the figure of the patriarchal man with subjective dimensions that typify and problematize the relations of power and oppression. Violence against women is closely linked to gender violence, where culturally, men are considered superior beings and exercise this behavior based on exercising supremacy over women. Violence by men against women is just one facet of the various forms of violence that constitute male non-corporality. With the social changes that have taken place over the years, several legal instruments have been created aimed at protecting women and combating violence. Through an exploratory and descriptive research, this article aims to understand which legal normative challenges, given the instruments and practices used for the care and reception of women victims of violence in the State of Maranhão, within the competence of the Social Assistance Policy operated by the SUAS
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF COVID-19 CASES NOTIFIED IN THE HEALTH SECRETARY OF ARAGUARI CITY, MG, BRAZIL
No full textIn 2020, Public Health has experienced a period of pandemic with the confrontation against the disease that initially appears in China Popular Republic and spread worldwide population, causing, in addition to major public health disorders, numerous losses with a high rate of deaths caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aimed to analyze the epidemiological profile of COVID-19 in Araguari city, MG, Brazil, between March 2020 and November 2021. The study was carried out by collecting data on occurrences, deaths, age and sex of those people affected by the disease in the mentioned city. The information was extracted using a control spreadsheet prepared by the Planning and Epidemiology Departments of the Municipal Health Department. The data obtained were tabulated, analyzed and presented in the form of tables and figures. The pandemic triggered moments of fragility in the world health system and, in Araguari, caused high rates of its occurrence with great losses being 19,939 citizens who contracted the disease, with 474 deaths motivated by COVID-19. There was a prevalence of the disease in males and in people between 60 and 89 years old. The analysis of the evolution of COVID-19 cases, in absolute numbers, showed that between May and June 2020 there was an increase in COVID-19 notifications, as well as in the months of January to July 2021, with a reduction in August. Variations in the evolution of COVId-19 cases are probably related to the emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2