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New evidence of mid-Pleistocene glaciations in the French Jura Mountains using debris flow deposits and U/Th dating of speleothems (Verneau karst network)
No full textWe redefine the extent of former glaciers in the northern Jura Mountains through the study of endokarst deposits. Sedimentary deposits (pebbly debris flows, laminated clays, and allochthonous limestone blocks) and chemical deposits (speleothems) were identified and studied using three complementary approaches: (i) detailed geomorphological mapping, (ii) petrographic analysis, and (iii) U/Th-dating. In addition, a surface geomorphological analysis made it possible to calculate the minimum erosion time required for the formation of the sinkhole linked to the underground study site. The study site is the Dolois Chamber, an underground site upstream of the Verneau karst network (Doubs Department, France). The combined results aided in reconstructing the chronology of the various events affecting the study site, including 1) formation of the Baume-des-Crêtes paleo-sinkhole a few hundred thousand years (during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 8); 2) invasion by a pebbly debris flow, probably linked to a mid-Pleistocene glacial periods (MIS 8 or 6); 3) hydrological dysfunction, including significant flooding and deposition of laminated clays; 4) capture of the paleo-sinkhole by the Biefs-Bousset active sinkhole approximately 10 kyr (MIS 2); and 5) a recent return to water level variations of approximately 10 m during flooding. Furthermore, our results show that the extent of the ice cap in the Jura Mountains during the mid-Pleistocene (MIS 8-6) probably did not reach beyond the topographic high of the Salinois Fault Zone at the plateau margin
Competency-based Training and Supervision: Development of the WHO-UNICEF Ensuring Quality in Psychosocial and Mental Health Care (EQUIP) Initiative
No full textGlobally, there has not been a standardised approach to ensure that the growing number of people who are not licensed clinicians but are delivering psychological interventions and mental health services have the competencies to deliver those interventions and services safely. Therefore, WHO and UNICEF developed Ensuring Quality in Psychosocial and Mental Health Care (EQUIP). EQUIP is a free resource with a digital platform that can be used to guide competency assessment. We describe EQUIP\u27s 5-year development (2018–23) and the rationale supporting its contents and use. Development phases included establishing consensus for competency-based strategies; selecting foundational competencies; evaluating feasibility of assessments, role plays, and technology; piloting EQUIP when training non-specialists; and public dissemination and ongoing adaptations to increase scalability. From the public launch in March, 2022, through to March, 2024, EQUIP\u27s digital platform has been used in 794 training programmes in 36 countries with 3760 trainees resulting in 10 001 competency assessments
Bronze Figure of Embracing Man and Woman
No full textThis embracing couple – a man and woman, both nude – originally formed the handle of the lid of a bronze cista, a cylindrical cosmetic box. The couple’s loving embrace embodies a happy marriage and may indicate that the box was presented as a wedding gift. Cistae were the local product of Praeneste (present-day Palestrina), an Etruscan outpost southeast of Rome in Latium. Over 100 complete specimens are known to have survived. They were mostly recovered in illicit excavations during the 19th century from the tombs of the necropolis at Praeneste. While they served a funerary purpose to accompany the deceased in the afterlife, they have also functioned as toiletry boxes in daily life. Larger examples may have been used in ritual contexts.https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/etruscan/1004/thumbnail.jp
