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DOWNSTREAM EFFECTS OF NORTHERN HEMISPHERE EXTRATROPICAL TRANSITION IN A FUTURE CLIMATE
No full textWhen a Tropical Cyclone (TC) encounters a more baroclinic environment, the structure of the TC can change to an asymmetric cold core cyclone in a process known as extratropical transition (ET). Transport of warm air from the tropics and latent heat release from precipitation associated with ET can modify the jet and downstream environment through the initiation and propagation of Rossby wave packets, which have been linked to atmospheric blocking and extreme weather. Changes in jet latitude and strength as well as the antecedent cyclone in a future climate may modify this process and change downstream development. A consensus on how ET is expected to change in a future environment has not been reached. The change in downstream effects of ET is the least studied and understood. This study makes use of high-resolution CMIP6 climate datasets to assess projected future changes in ET and its associated downstream impacts in the Northern Hemisphere. Models disagree over the evolution and strength of the mid-latitude sinuosity in both present and future climates, though this is very likely due to the limited sample size in the EC-Earth model
COMPUTATIONAL INVESTIGATION OF CAMBERED BLADES AND VIRTUAL CAMBER IN CROSS-FLOW TURBINES
No full textThis research computationally investigates how geometric camber interacts with the virtual camber induced in cross-flow turbine blades. Most cross-flow turbines use uncambered airfoils, likely due to the symmetries in the change of angle of attack over a complete rotation. Unlike axial-flow turbines, flow is curvilinear relative to the rotating airfoil, so an equivalent airfoil in rectilinear flow has virtual camber that affects the flow dynamics and generated forces. In this study, single-bladed turbines with camber of up to ±3% are simulated using unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes and large eddy simulation models for a range of tip speed ratios and chord-to-radius ratios. Results are validated against experimental performance and particle image velocimetry data. It is shown across all methods that geometric camber affects the turbine performance at different parts of the cycle, depending on the direction of concavity of the camber line. This is due to camber augmenting both the lift produced by the blade and the timing of leading-edge vortex formation. It is also shown how both geometric and virtual camber affect blade pitching moments. All of these effects are seen to be dependent on tip speed ratio and chord-to-radius ratio, since these are the main parameters that influence the virtual camber effect
Freshwater Connections in Northeast Wisconsin: Engaging with Educators and Students in Research and Learning
No full textFreshwater Connections in Northeast Wisconsin: Engaging with Educators and Students in Research and Learnin
HOMOMESY: THEORY, APPLICATIONS, AND EXPLORATIONS
No full textHomomesy is a phenomenon that occurs in combinatorial structures when the average value of a statistic over each orbit is the same.But I extend the definition to allow for sets with infinite orbits. This thesis explores the theory of homomesy for arbitrary sets, functions, and statistics. I provide general results about homomesy and show how these can be used to solve problems in combinatorics more efficiently. Also, I also analyze some (subsets of) parking functions and apply functions and statistics from the FindStat database to them to see if they exhibit homomesic behavior. I don't prove homomesic behavior for these sets directly, but instead prove more general results that can be applied to these sets
Active Shooters: Recommendations and considerations for law enforcement and school officials
No full textA seminar paper presented to the graduate faculty at the University of Wisconsin-Platteville.
In partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science - Criminal JusticePurpose
The purpose of the research is to review historical school shootings and examine past policies and tactics about school shootings to determine what is effective and what should be considered as a standard in training. After reviewing data and research, recommendations are made to provide updates to current policies and procedures regarding active shooting incidents. that support the most optimal ways to minimize threat and danger to students, staff, and law enforcement in schools during an active shooter response and how best to prepare for reunification if such an incident were to happen.
Method of Approach
Information utilized in this paper will be gathered from a compilation of scholarly and professional sources. The sources will provide overviews of historical school shootings and data will be compiled from these sources, including information leading up to the events, significant findings related to the events, and potential ways to predict or limit such events from occurring. This paper will also review routine activities theory as guidance to provide a framework for a better understanding of how and why these situations may occur, which in turn, can offer helpful considerations to law enforcement and school administration to minimize the probability of harm or death in school shootings.
Key Findings
These findings support a comprehensive approach to school shooting preparedness and response, including a reunification plan that will reduce anxiety and chaos and provide a focused set of rules and support for students, staff, and families to prevent better outcomes. The importance of applying criminological theory, such as routine activity theory, to assess potential risk factors and use of threat assessment strategies is also helpful to potentially prevent such events from occurring. School staff and SROs can potentially recognize those students who may be withdrawing or not conforming to societal norms and offer resources to support them such as counseling or addressing student concerns such as bullying. A key aspect of success in these situations is the collaboration of school districts and law enforcement agencies to train and work together
OOMYCETE POPULATION STRUCTURE IN SOYBEAN (Glycine max) FIELDS IN WISCONSIN AND SEED TREATMENT SOLUTIONS
No full textThe United States is the second-largest producer of soybeans and plays a significant role in fulfilling global soybean demand. Among the diseases threatening soybean production, early seed and seedling rot caused by soilborne oomycetes from the genera Globisporangium, Phytophthora, Phytopythium, and Pythium substantially reduce soybean yield. In Wisconsin, the cool and saturated soil conditions near planting time promote oomycete development and pathogen infection, significantly increasing the need to manage these pathogens. This study first aimed to assess the species diversity and abundance of oomycete ecological communities in the state. Second, the pathotypes of Phytophthora sojae detected were screened for resistance-breaking races, which were compared to the soybean Rps genes historically deployed in Wisconsin's commercial cultivars. Finally, the effectiveness of various chemical fungicides applied as seed treatments on soybeans was evaluated for managing Pythium spp. across multiple North Central states and Ontario. Overall, 33 oomycete species were observed across 39 counties in Wisconsin, with most species belonging to the genus Globisporangium.
Although a low diversity was noted in the samples, a high diversity was observed across counties, likely influenced by their geographical locations and the years sampled. While Phytophthora sojae was retrieved at a lower frequency, the hypocotyl pathotyping assay identified two different pathotypes with the alleles 1a, 1b, 1c, 1k, and 3b. Analysis of the most commonly deployed Rps genes in variety trials in Wisconsin from 2015 to 2024 indicated a high frequency of the Rps1c and Rps1k genes in commercial cultivars. The pathotypes detected in this study suggest that the deployment of these genes is no longer
effective, so the use of cultivars with the Rps3a gene is highly recommended. In 2024, field trials were conducted in eight locations to assess the efficacy of five different fungicides applied as seed treatments against Pythium spp. Results showed that using these products as seed treatments was effective in enhancing the emergence percentage of seedlings at the VC and V2 growth stages. A positive yield effect over the non-treated control was also noted. Ultimately, the insights into the soilborne oomycete community in Wisconsin's soybean fields obtained from this study will directly influence the management practices adopted by growers, as different oomycete species may have specific disease management considerations. To broaden and enhance the protection against prevalent oomycete species, soybean growers are strongly encouraged to plant cultivars with horizontal resistance alongside seed treatments using fungicides. Future investigations, including more years and counties, should be considered to gather a deeper understanding regarding any possible shift in population trends. Additionally, investigations into the pathogenicity of recovered oomycete isolates, along with intra- and interspecific relationships, should be conducted to better understand their roles in soybean pathogenicity
Blue-green Algae Blooms: A Public Health Issue in Wisconsin’s Waters
No full textBlue-green Algae Blooms: A Public Health Issue in Wisconsin’s Water
Pre-Professional Occupational Therapy Students' Learning of Interprofessional Team Skills During Clinical Fieldwork
No full textDifficulties with interprofessional care and teamwork among healthcare professionals plague our healthcare system and detract from the quality of care. One strategy to remedy this problem is to increase interprofessional education at the pre-professional level, and due to increased accreditation standards, this preparation is underway for a variety of health disciplines. While the literature related to outcomes of interprofessional education programs is growing, there is little research documenting worksite-based interprofessional team skills learning for occupational therapy students. A basic qualitative study has been completed which illuminates the phenomenon of interprofessional team skills learning during Level II fieldwork for occupational therapy students. This study is guided by a theoretical framework using experiential learning theory, the Dreyfus and Dreyfus skills acquisition model, and social interdependence theory. Semi-structured interviews with occupational therapy students after their second Level II fieldwork placement were used to investigate student learning of interprofessional team skills. Study results show that feeling supported, having low levels of conflict and fully operating as an OT professional can enhance the depth of team skills learning. Individual student learning approaches and resilience also influence depth of learning. Enhancement of OT student curricula in the areas of social skills, conflict management and assertiveness skills have the potential to improve learning, facilitating interprofessional collaboration and improving quality of care in the healthcare field for the benefit of all patients and clients