Bulletin of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering (BCSEE)
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Patterns of Polydrug Use Classes Among a Subset of Latino Male Seasonal Workers in South Florida: A Latent Class Analysis*
No full textCTNI-73. ALLIANCE A071601: PHASE II TRIAL OF BRAF/MEK INHIBITION IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED PAPILLARY CRANIOPHARYNGIOMAS
No full textAbstract BACKGROUND Craniopharyngiomas, primary brain tumors of the pituitary-hypothalamic axis, can cause significant clinical sequelae. Treatment using surgery, radiation, or both often entails significant morbidity. In prior work, we demonstrated that ninety-five percent of papillary craniopharyngiomas (PCP) harbor BRAF V600E mutations (Brastianos et al. Nature Genetics 2014). In this multicenter National Cancer Institute cooperative group trial (Alliance A071601), we evaluated the safety and efficacy of BRAF/MEK inhibition in patients with PCP without prior irradiation. METHODS Eligible patients, with measurable disease and whose PCP screened positively for BRAF mutations, without prior radiation, received the BRAF/MEK inhibitor combination vemurafenib/cobimetinib in 28-day cycles. The primary endpoint of objective response rate at 4 months based on centrally determined volumetric data was evaluated in 16 patients on this single arm phase 2 trial. RESULTS Based on volumetric response criteria by central radiology review, 15 of 16 patients (94%; 95% CI: 70% to 100%) had a durable objective partial response to therapy. Thus, this study met primary endpoint for overall response rate. The median tumor reduction was 91% (range of 68% to 99%). Median follow-up was 22 months (95% CI: 19 to 30 months) and median number of treatment cycles was 8. Median progression-free survival and duration of response were not yet reached. Three patients progressed during follow-up after therapy was discontinued; none have died. The sole non-responder stopped treatment after eight days due to toxicity. Grade 3 toxicities at least possibly related to treatment occurred in 12 patients (rash in 6 patients). Grade 4 toxicities were observed in two patients: hyperglycemia (n=1) and increased creatine phosphokinase (n=1). Three patients discontinued treatment for adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that BRAF/MEK inhibitors are a safe and effective treatment for PCP without prior irradiation. Support: U10CA180821, U10CA180882; U24CA196171, U10CA180868 (NRG); Genentech; . ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03224767
Implementation of the Rapid Application Development (RAD) Method in the Development of Sales Applications at Coffee Shops Using the Apriori Algorithm: Case study: SIMERA Coffee Shop
No full textSimera Coffee is a small and medium-sized business that focuses on selling typical Indonesian coffee products in the form of coffee powder, where each type of coffee is obtained from specific and trusted suppliers to maintain coffee quality and consumer confidence. The problem is that business people must be able to set patterns in knowing item items, maximize data utilization, and store expenditure data without being analyzed in detail; moreover, difficulties in restocking, so product expenditure data do not know the pattern of the data. Sales transaction data is continuously increasing every day, causing the need for ample data storage. The apriori algorithm can be applied to a sales data management application or cashier application, which has the function of recording coffee powder sales transactions and, at the same time, providing the function of analyzing sales data contained in the database using the a priori algorithm.
Chapter 15 - Treatment of Ocular Pain Not Responsive to Traditional Dry Eye Disease Treatments
No full textNeuropathic ocular pain (NOP) in dry eye disease can be a challenging condition to treat. The pathogenesis of NOP often results from injury to the corneal nerves, leading to neural plasticity and peripheral and central neuronal sensitization. These patients often present with ocular pain, allodynia, photophobia, and neuro-behavioral manifestations and seldom respond to traditional dry eye treatments. For the treatment of NOP, the goal is to use a multimodal approach addressing both the peripheral and centralized pain using a host of topical and systemic therapies. Topical therapies include contact lenses and nerve regenerative therapies such autologous serum tears. Systemic therapies often used for other neuropathic pain conditions can potentially be helpful in NOP; these medications consist of gabapentinoids and other anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. Further, procedural therapies such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and peri-orbital nerve blocks may be useful in patients who are refractory to topical and systemic therapies. Lastly, since NOP can have a significant negative impact on quality-of-life measures with regard to mood, sleep, activity, adjunctive behavioral therapy may be beneficial. Ultimately, a personalized multimodal therapy will often be necessary to address the complex mechanisms underlying NOP
AI Education for Middle School Students: Critically Exploring Socioscientific Issues with Machine Learning
No full textThis paper presents my design and research of a Machine Learning (ML) curriculum for middle school students to critically explore socioscientific issues. My research focuses on how the curriculum supports students’ learning of ML knowledge and practices, as well as their understanding of AI ethics. I implemented the curriculum as a free online afterschool program over three to four weekends and recruited ten middle school students from diverse backgrounds. They were engaged in hands-on projects of solving real-world problems with AI/ML technology, such as collecting photos of themselves wearing and not wearing masks to train their own ML models that can automatically recognize if a person wears mask or not. The curriculum design created a constructionist online learning environment for students to learn through social interactions with ML tool, physical tool, peers, and teachers, in the process of making ML products. Primary data sources include students’ responses to pre and post ML test and class recordings throughout the entire program. As a result of statistical comparison between pre and post-test scores and interaction analysis of learning processes, students showed improved AI/ML knowledge and practices and good understanding of AI ethics at the end of program. The study sheds light on the learning and assessment design of AI/ML education for middle school students.</p
Building a holistic understanding of wildlife disturbance: A case study on the polar bear (Ursus maritimus)
No full textDue to increasing temperatures and associated sea ice melt in the Arctic, development and other sources of disturbance such as tourism and recreation will likely increase as the area becomes more accessible. Health impacts on polar bears resulting from sea ice melt are of highest concern; however, it is important that further health impacts and stressors stemming from increasing disturbance are mitigated to conserve the species. A survey was developed to determine how potential viewing distances may influence tourist satisfaction so that the needs of the tourist and polar bears are balanced. This balance is significant as wildlife viewing programs featuring polar bears provide opportunities to educate the public on polar bear impacts, encourage participation in eco-friendly behaviors, and secure further support for relevant conservation initiatives and policies. A database was also developed to document polar bear disturbance research findings that will eventually be accessible to other researchers, managers, and policymakers. This database outlines 22 categories of preliminary data from 31 published papers. One such category, the distance at which polar bears behaviorally react to a given disturbance, provides a variety of evidence-backed numerical data needed for the establishment of viewing distances in different recreational settings as well as better management practices overall. Together, these outputs provide an in-depth look at the interplay between sources of disturbance and the resulting impacts on polar bears, and these methods can be used to investigate sources of disturbance in other species
Probing the Quantum Nature of Coherent States
No full textRadiation from a continuous wave (CW) source will be described by a set of states known as coherent or quasi-classical states. The common thought regarding these states is that they are essentially quantum states with random behavior obeying the Poisson probability distribution. According to the anticorrelation test, sources represented by these states do not behave as single-photon sources. However, we have shown that it is possible to look for purely quantum mechanical manifestations of such states in the weak limit and by randomizing their relative temporal phase in an interferometric setup. We call such signals Phase Randomized Weak Coherent States (PRWCSs). First, we demonstrated such dynamics through experimental realization of the two-photon bunching and the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect. Then we continued our search by probing the concept of entanglement through the test of Bell inequality. The result confirmed the prediction of quantum mechanics, violating the Clauser, Horne, Shimony and Holt (CHSH) form of the Bell inequality. In the third project, we tried to add the Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) of light to this toolbox and examine if our method could be used to transfer quantum information using this spatial degree of freedom. This implementation was successful, and we realized the two-photon bunching again with interfering beams carrying OAM. The distinct feature of our approach is the use of CW lasers as a source of coherent states that can overcome the low photon rate from single-photon sources based on non-linearity. This feature is much more robust against photon loss and does not face the scalability problem as much as other photon sources do. In addition, our approach is a practical method for the realization of the entangled based Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) which is closely related to the Bell inequality. Finally, by observation of the quantum nature of coherent states, our work paves the way for the realization of multi-photon interference which is in the heart of many modern quantum sciences and quantum technologies.</p
Clinical and Genomic Factors Associated with Greater Tumor Mutational Burden in Prostate Cancer
No full textA Novel Computerized Cognitive Test for the Detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Its Association with Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s Disease Prone Brain Regions
No full textThe tumor immune microenvironment architecture correlates with risk of recurrence in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
No full textImaging the spatial tumor immune microenvironment and evaluating the presence of type 1 tertiary lymphoid structures enables prediction of recurrence after surgery in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Emerging evidence suggests that not only the frequency and composition of tumor-infiltrating leukocytes but also their spatial organization might be a major determinant of tumor progression and response to therapy. Therefore, mapping and analyzing the fine tumor immune architecture could potentially provide insights for predicting cancer prognosis. Here, we performed an explorative, prospective clinical study to assess whether structures within the tumor microenvironment can predict recurrence after salvage surgery in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The major immune subsets were measured using flow cytometry and co-detection by indexing (CODEX) multiparametric imaging. Flow cytometry underestimated the number of PMN-MDSCs and neutrophils in the tumor and overestimated the tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte frequency. An ad hoc computational framework was used to identify and analyze discrete cellular neighborhoods. A high frequency of tertiary lymphoid structures composed of CD31highCD38high plasma cells was associated with reduced recurrence after surgery in HNSCC. These data support the notion that the structural architecture of the tumor immune microenvironment plays an essential role in tumor progression and indicates that type 1 tertiary lymphoid structures and long-lived CD31highCD38high plasma cells are associated with good prognosis in HNSCC.Significance: Imaging the spatial tumor immune microenvironment and evaluating the presence of type 1 tertiary lymphoid structures enables prediction of recurrence after surgery in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.</p