Bulletin of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering (BCSEE)
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Enhancing Rose Leaf Disease Detection Accuracy Using Optimized CNN Parameters
No full textThe CNN model developed in this study demonstrated remarkable performance, achieving an outstanding validation accuracy of 99.96%. Through experimentation, it was found that employing the RMSprop optimizer with a learning rate of 0.001 yielded superior results compared to the Adam optimizer utilized in previous iterations. Additionally, increasing the number of epochs from 10 to 20 resulted in a significant enhancement in accuracy, highlighting the importance of iterative training for model refinement. Moreover, the implementation of Early Stopping proved to be a valuable technique, effectively conserving training time by halting the training process once optimal accuracy levels were reached. These findings underscore the efficacy of various optimization strategies in bolstering the performance of CNN models for rose leaf disease detection. The achieved accuracy rates signify a substantial advancement in disease detection technology, holding promise for enhancing agricultural productivity and ensuring plant quality. This research contributes valuable insights into the optimization of CNN parameters, paving the way for further advancements in automated disease detection systems in the field of agriculture
Determining the Regulation of ISG15 Expression and ISGylation During Hepatocyte Differentiation From Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
No full textIn most organs, the first line of defense against invading viruses is the epithelial cell, which provides an initial innate response and can provide subsequent immune control. Hepatitis virus infection of human hepatocytes illicit a strong antiviral response involving the upregulation of interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) and subsequent antiviral mechanism, ISGylation. Chronic infection can lead to liver diseases such as hepatocellular carcinoma. As tumor cells are defined as de-differentiated cells with stem cell-like characteristics, we wanted to study the expression of ISG15 and ISGylation during hepatocyte differentiation from induced-pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). In these cells, we measured mRNA and protein expression following treatment with RNA viral mimetic poly(I:C) and interferon (IFN). ISGylation was not detected in iPSCs despite increased expression of ISG15 following viral mimetic or IFN treatments. When compared to hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs), we observed an attenuation in IFN-induced expression of the ISGylation conjugating enzyme, UBE2L6 due to a lower activation of the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1 (STAT1), a major transcription factor involved in the antiviral response. Furthermore, we determined iPSCs constitutively express the Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 (SOCS1), a negative regulator of STAT1 activation. Knockdown of SOCS1 mRNA expression promoted observable ISGylation in iPSCs with increased UBE2L6 expression and STAT1 activation following IFN treatment. Additionally, we determined that the lower baseline expression level of ISGylation activating enzyme, UBE1L in iPSCs is related to epigenetic regulation associated with transcriptional repression, such as methylated CpG sites at the gene promoter region. These data revealed that ISGylation is regulated at baseline (UBE1L), in a STAT1-independent (ISG15), and a STAT1-dependent (UBE2L6) manner in which iPSCs characteristically have an attenuated interferon response due to a sustained intrinsic expression of SOCS1. Thus, ISGylation is suppressed
Empirical modelling of the BLASTPol achromatic half-wave plate for precision submillimetre polarimetry
No full textA cryogenic achromatic half-wave plate (HWP) for submillimetre astronomical polarimetry has been designed, manufactured, tested and deployed in the Balloon-borne Large-Aperture Submillimeter Telescope for Polarimetry (BLASTPol). The design is based on the five-slab Pancharatnam recipe and it works in the wavelength range 200-600 μm, making it the broadest-band HWP built to date at (sub)millimetre wavelengths. The frequency behaviour of the HWP has been fully characterized at room and cryogenic temperatures with incoherent radiation from a polarizing Fourier transform spectrometer. We develop a novel empirical model, complementary to the physical and analytical ones available in the literature, that allows us to recover the HWP Mueller matrix and phase shift as a function of frequency and extrapolated to 4 K. We show that most of the HWP non-idealities can be modelled by quantifying one wavelength-dependent parameter, the position of the HWP equivalent axes, which is then readily implemented in a map-making algorithm. We derive this parameter for a range of spectral signatures of input astronomical sources relevant to BLASTPol, and provide a benchmark example of how our method can yield improved accuracy on measurements of the polarization angle on the sky at submillimetre wavelengths
Comparison of Tomato Leaf Disease Detection Using Transfer Learning Architecture with the VGG19 Method
No full textDiseases in plants are often detrimental to agriculture, can be seen manually and require a very long time, which can lead to possible errors in disease detection. Detecting diseases in plants early can overcome these problems and reduce the risk of reduced crop production. The aim of this research is to make a comparison of quickly and accurately detecting tomato leaf diseases compared to previous researchers who used Deep Learning applications. Which can be applied effectively for image classification using the VGG19 method. The implementation of this model uses a dataset containing 2,694 images, including 3 different types of diseases. That the conclusion of this research is the fastest and most accurate way to detect tomato leaf diseases. To prove this research, results and necessary data will be presented in this paper. The accuracy obtained on the VGG-19 architecture was 91.85% with the best increase in accuracy compared to the previous journal which only produced 87% accuracy
Implementation of the Waterfall Method in Designing and Building an Income and Cost Management Information System: Case study: Limited Liability Company Adau Kapuas
No full textAdau Kapuas is a company operating in the transportation services sector. In processing income and costs, Adau Kapuas Limited liability companies still use bookkeeping as a data collection medium, such as recording payment and expenses, which are processed starting from recording ticket sales and goods delivery transactions, which process passenger data and goods delivery data. The income obtained from tickets and delivery of goods and the total costs are then entered back into the computer. This proves the difficulty faced by Adau Kapuas, namely having to do work twice daily. This research discusses the application of income and cost processing at Adau Kapuas Pontianak. This application was designed using Netbeans IDE 8.2. It can process admin data, types of goods, types of income, costs, bus classes, destinations, ticket sales transactions, delivery of goods, income transactions, and cost transactions. The reports produced by this application include ticket sales reports, goods delivery reports, income reports, and cost reports. With the income and expense processing application, it is hoped that it can support the performance of Adau Kapuas Pontianak in processing income and expense transactions and presenting reports more easily, quickly, and accurately.
Navigating coastal development in the Florida Keys: A case study on the USACE permitting process and a review of the potential impacts on resources
No full textThe United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is the leading global public engineering agency, responsible for military construction, civil works, and engineering regiment. As a fulltime project manager intern in the South Atlantic Division's Regulatory branch, I oversaw projects in Monroe County, which includes the entire Florida Keys section. My primary responsibility was to review submitted applications and issue Army Corps permits that focused on dock, seawall, revetment, and mooring pile projects requiring repair, construction, or replacement. To protect the surrounding resources of the Florida Keys, adherence to regulations such as Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (CWA), Sections 9 & 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act (RHA), and Section 103 of the Marine Protection Research and Sanctuaries Act (MPRSA) were essential. The Endangered Species Act (ESA) and the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) were also commonly applied frameworks when reviewing projects. Proper interpretation of these regulations ensures minimal impact on aquatic ecosystems and waterway navigation. Through utilizing the Corps' Object-relational mapping (ORM) data entry system, I conducted an in-depth evaluation on the impacts of USACE-permitted projects in the Florida Keys. Resources such as submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV), corals, and mangroves are recorded. This analysis involved assessing the ecological footprint of various projects, determining the full extent of resource degradation, and identifying areas where regulatory compliance should direct its focus. I also analyzed data from my assigned projects over the past several months, examining the effectiveness of policies and regulations surrounding the mitigation of environmental impacts. For this project I reviewed a case study on a permit that required compensatory mitigation. This step-by-step review of this aids in the understanding of the entire regulatory process that is involved with every application that the Army Corps receives. Through my analysis of this project, people may begin to understand some of the shortcomings of the regulatory process and how it can be improved
Novel Titanium Alloys Enabled Via Additive Manufacturing
No full textTi-based metal matrix composites (MMC) represent an alloy class with highly desired performance, but implementation has been hindered by poor processability. It is now recognized that MMCs can be formed in-situ through exploitation of the rapid cooling rates of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) and targeting invariant reaction compositions to minimize the propensity for solidification cracking. Laser line scans and surface remelts of Ti-C, Ti-B, Ti-Si, and Ti-Fe eutectic compositions, and ternary Ti-Si compositions plus C/Zr and quaternary Ti-Si-Zr plus Al/Sn, were performed to assess potential material amenability to the LPBF process at low-cost as well as determining the nanostructure and hardness properties. These base compositions were selected to compare (i) typical interstitial elements and substitutional elements, (ii) increasing element additions, and (iii) α and β stabilizing elements. A hyper-eutectic Ti-15Si wt.% alloy was also fabricated and demonstrates the benefit of near eutectic compositions on processability. Hot-cracking is observed in Ti-Fe following surface remelts while the eutectic C, B and Si containing MMCs appear to be amenable to LPBF. Atom probe tomography and scanning electron microscopy reveal a nanocellular structure of Ti matrix with intercellular Ti5Si3 within the Ti-15Si wt.% sample; the Ti-Si ternary and quaternary compositions exhibit similar cellular nanostructure. The β matrix is retained on laser remelting of Ti-Fe, as well as all Zr-containing samples, with α + β present in the Ti-Si-Zr-Al sample. Exceptional hardness values are obtained across the MMCs, highlighting very promising material systems that may be processable via LPBF with future development.</p
Audiovisual multisensory Event Related Potentials using the McGurk effect as a stimulation paradigm
No full textThe color of civics civic education for a multiracial democracy
No full textHow do we prepare an increasingly diverse generation of Americans for full participation in public life? Drawing on lessons from students and teachers in Chicago, The Color of Civics reimagines the democratic purpose of civic education. Matthew D. Nelsen presents a new approach to civic education that aims to foster political empowerment, increase rates of intended political participation among young people of color, and heighten political empathy among white youth. Including novel empirical research and an evidence-based analysis, Nelsen provides practical and useful advice for policymakers that cuts through the noise to focus on what works
