Bulletin of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering (BCSEE)
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Reuse of Lignin to Synthesize High Surface Area Carbon Nanoparticles for Supercapacitors Using a Continuous and Single-Step Aerosol Method
No full textEndophthalmitis Prophylaxis
No full textIn this chapter, we discuss techniques in the prophylaxis of infection by inhibiting or arresting the growth and multiplication of germs (infectious agents) which is usually achieved by povidone-iodine, hydrogen peroxide, chlorhexidine, or polyhexanide application on the skin. We also discuss the settings in which topical antibiotics and intracameral antibiotics may be utilized
Lipidomics methods and protocols
No full textThis fully updated book presents an account of areas of utility, techniques, and bioinformatic advancements in the field of lipidomics. Beginning with protocols for lipid isolation and extraction, the volume continues with techniques from extractive mass spectrometry to imaging mass spectrometry methods allowing localization of lipids in tissues. These protocols have been complemented by methods addressing specific problems from membranes, fractionated subcellular compartments or organelles to whole organisms. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, as well as tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Lipidomics: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition serves as an ideal guide for biochemists, molecular biologists, neuroscientists, vision research scientists, as well as all biomedical researchers with interest in disease discovery and drug development
An Overview of Miami CDEIPI and a Showcase of Team Science and Cutting-Edge Research Driven by Students
No full textBackground: The Miami-CFAR Diversity, Equity & Inclusion Pathway Initiative (Miami CDEIPI) is designed to promote a diverse scientific workforce that reflects the communities at the highest risk of HIV in South Florida. Setting and Methods: The focus of the Miami CDEIPI is to help train the next generation of Underrepresented Minorities (URM) and Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC) in HIV/AIDS-related research through a team science experience. The Miami CDEIPI objectives are to facilitate the interaction of URM/BIPOC students with the network of CFAR-affiliated investigators and to enable these students to access the cutting-edge technologies at the Miami-CFAR and the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center and other resources at the University of Miami. Results: Five URM/BIPOC students supported by the program in year 1 have been carrying out projects in collaboration with mentors at their parent institution and Miami-CFAR investigators. The students used the state-of-the-art laboratories and core facilities. They began their research with a proposal designed to integrate the cutting-edge technologies now available to them. Their training included participation in Miami-CFAR–sponsored activities such as seminars, an annual conference, and a national HIV workshop. Candidates in the Miami CDEIPI are in the process of developing their research proposals, integrating cutting-edge technologies into their doctoral dissertation research. Their projects are now in the completion phase. Conclusions: The Miami CDEIPI focuses its resources on one of the conspicuous gaps in the career paths of URM/BIPOC researchers—the dearth of leading URM/BIPOC scientists in the field. The Miami CDEIPI provides a professional network that supports the participation of URM/BIPOC trainees in innovative research and career skill training
Integrated clinical and genomic analysis identifies driver events and molecular evolution of colitis-associated cancers
No full textInflammation has long been recognized to contribute to cancer development, particularly across the gastrointestinal tract. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease have an increased risk for bowel cancers, and it has been posited that a field of genetic changes may underlie this risk. Here, we define the clinical features, genomic landscape, and germline alterations in 174 patients with colitis-associated cancers and sequenced 29 synchronous or isolated dysplasia. TP53 alterations, an early and highly recurrent event in colitis-associated cancers, occur in half of dysplasia, largely as convergent evolution of independent events. Wnt pathway alterations are infrequent, and our data suggest transcriptional rewiring away from Wnt. Sequencing of multiple dysplasia/cancer lesions from mouse models and patients demonstrates rare shared alterations between lesions. These findings suggest neoplastic bowel lesions developing in a background of inflammation experience lineage plasticity away from Wnt activation early during tumorigenesis and largely occur as genetically independent events
Experience with ultrasound neurography for postoperative evaluation of targeted muscle reinnervation
No full textMethod comparison and estimation of causal effects of insomnia on health outcomes in a survey sampled population
No full textApplying causal inference methods, such as weighting and matching methods, to a survey sampled population requires properly incorporating the survey weights and design to obtain effect estimates that are representative of the target population and correct standard errors (SEs). With a simulation study, we compared various approaches for incorporating the survey weights and design into weighting and matching-based causal inference methods. When the models were correctly specified, most approaches performed well. However, when a variable was treated as an unmeasured confounder and the survey weights were constructed to depend on this variable, only the matching methods that used the survey weights in causal estimation and as a covariate in matching continued to perform well. If unmeasured confounders are potentially associated with the survey sample design, we recommend that investigators include the survey weights as a covariate in matching, in addition to incorporating them in causal effect estimation. Finally, we applied the various approaches to the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) and found that insomnia has a causal association with both mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and incident hypertension 6–7 years later in the US Hispanic/Latino population
Evaluation of supply air temperature control performance with different control strategies at air handling units
No full textDue to its nonlinear feature, supply air temperature control systems at air handling units using single-loop fixed gain control frequently suffer unstable response under dynamic conditions. This paper is aimed at identifying a more effective control strategy to stabilize the valve control and achieve desirable supply air temperature response under various operation conditions by evaluating three control strategies, cascade, gain scheduling and cascade plus gain scheduling controls. Firstly, a control-oriented model is developed and calibrated through open-loop tests. Then, the control issues with single-loop fixed gain control are evaluated through simulations and field tests, which indicates that the system has more aggressive response or becomes unstable under lower load conditions when the chilled-water flow rate is less than 0.1 L/s. Finally, three control strategies are proposed and evaluated. The results reveal that all three proposed controls can achieve better robustness with the integral square error of supply air temperature decreased to 16%, 47% and 5%, respectively, under lower load condition. However, since high-frequency oscillation of the control valve occurs with cascade and cascade plus gain scheduling control, the gain scheduling control is recommended considering a trade-off among the supply air temperature response, valve lifetime and implementation complexity.
•Supply air temperature control is unstable at lower chilled-water flow rate.•Cascade and gain scheduling controls are applied to solve this issue.•Cascade control has better robustness but with high-frequency valve oscillation.•Gain scheduling control cuts integral square error of supply air temperature to 47%.•Gain scheduling control improves performance with simpler and more generic design
Variational Label-Correlation Enhancement for Congestion Prediction
No full textThe physical design process of large-scale designs is a time-consuming task,often requiring hours to days to complete, with routing being the most criticaland complex step. As the the complexity of Integrated Circuits (ICs) increases,there is an increased demand for accurate routing quality prediction. Accuratecongestion prediction aids in identifying design flaws early on, therebyaccelerating circuit design and conserving resources. Despite the advancementsin current congestion prediction methodologies, an essential aspect that hasbeen largely overlooked is the spatial label-correlation between differentgrids in congestion prediction. The spatial label-correlation is a fundamentalcharacteristic of circuit design, where the congestion status of a grid is notisolated but inherently influenced by the conditions of its neighboring grids.In order to fully exploit the inherent spatial label-correlation betweenneighboring grids, we propose a novel approach, {\ours}, i.e., VAriationalLabel-Correlation Enhancement for Congestion Prediction, which considers thelocal label-correlation in the congestion map, associating the estimatedcongestion value of each grid with a local label-correlation weight influencedby its surrounding grids. {\ours} leverages variational inference techniques toestimate this weight, thereby enhancing the regression model's performance byincorporating spatial dependencies. Experiment results validate the superioreffectiveness of {\ours} on the public available \texttt{ISPD2011} and\texttt{DAC2012} benchmarks using the superblue circuit line
