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Space and territory from an anthropological perspective. The case of the Purhépechas of Nurío and Michoacán in Mexico
Get PDFThis article analyses some theoretical perspectives about the categories of territory and spacein indigenous contexts. To do this it attempts to review the traditional perspectives which link territory,political practice and ethnicity in indigenous contexts. The problem is addressed from the perspective ofpolitical anthropology and territorial geography, and takes as an example the case of the Purhépechas ofMichoacán in Mexico. The development of this case is important for the subject of territory, since Michoacánand the Purhépechas have been a real “laboratory” of Mexican and North American anthropology for theapplication of concepts and focuses such as “area studies”, “refuge regions” or “indigenous regions”. Thisaccounts for the relevance of an analysis which reviews and questions the assumptions which have been atthe base of these categorisations, starting from a perspective which is more centred on the subjects, theirway of life, and how they represent space and territory
Indian government and social policy. Integral Development Program for Yaqui Tribe, Sonora, Mexico
Get PDFThe general theme addressed is the contemporary situation of the Yaqui Tribe in northwesternMexico, for their own indigenous forms of government and social policy developed by the Mexican stateand federal governments between 1989 and 2003. During this period we implemented the ComprehensiveDevelopment Plan of the Yaqui tribe based on self-important of the Yaquis with nancial support fromboth the federal and state government. From this, we analyze some descriptive elements of indigenousorganizational aspect of Mexican social policy from a theoretical perspective that accounts for differentsituations. Particularly Yaqui political practice within the framework of ethnicity, namely the constructionof this practice over time through the relationship with the Mexican government and other external agentsunder a complex system of domination, including political, economic, social and cultural, that make up acurrent scenario of mutual influence and dependence.The general theme addressed is the contemporary situation of the Yaqui Tribe in northwesternMexico, for their own indigenous forms of government and social policy developed by the Mexican stateand federal governments between 1989 and 2003. During this period we implemented the ComprehensiveDevelopment Plan of the Yaqui tribe based on self-important of the Yaquis with nancial support fromboth the federal and state government. From this, we analyze some descriptive elements of indigenousorganizational aspect of Mexican social policy from a theoretical perspective that accounts for differentsituations. Particularly Yaqui political practice within the framework of ethnicity, namely the constructionof this practice over time through the relationship with the Mexican government and other external agentsunder a complex system of domination, including political, economic, social and cultural, that make up acurrent scenario of mutual influence and dependence
Intra-ethnic reconstruction: refl ections on the territorial reconstruction processes in Koliko, district of Carahue, IX Region
Get PDFThe object of the present document is to refl ect from the perspective of the social sciences on effortsat intra-ethnic reconstruction, starting from the reconstruction of Mapuche territories. Consideration isgiven to the problems of sources and methodology from the points of view of Mapuche kimun and westernscience, as perspectives of knowledge which are capable of complementing one another
Demography, Development and Control of the Coastal Space on the Pacific Coast of Mexico
Get PDFDuring the four final decades of the last century, demographicgrowth in Mexico slowed significantly. This trend continued during the firstdecade of the 21st century, in tune with current expectations in the country.However, during precisely the same decades, the opposite phenomenon hasbeen occurring in the country’s coastal territories, i.e. demographic growthresulting not from an increase in average birth rates, which have followedmore or less the same trends as among the rest of the country’s inhabitants,but from immigration into these areas. This phenomenon is of itself reliableproof of the growth in investment of both public and private capitalin coastal territories. The only exception to this trend is provided by threecoastal municipalities in the state of Sinaloa, created in the early 1990s andtaken over, literally, by drug-trafficking activities. The vast majority of thesenew inhabitants of the Mexican coastlines are people who have arrivedfrom inland in search of jobs, in the hope of improving their lives. For thenew «costeños», life in these latitudes is completely different to that whichthey had experienced in their previous homes, whether in the plateau orthe central plain, the deserts of the north, the limestone country of the interiorof the Yucatán peninsula or the tortuous hillsides of the mountains:new rhythms and ways of working, different local eating habits and modesof dress, unknown climatic phenomena and their consequences for dailylife, strange idiomatic expressions, and finally the exotic affection of the native «costeños» for their countryside and their local flora and fauna. Toanalyse the case study, we propose the concept of the «coastal region». Weuse demographic information both at national level and from the coastalstates and municipalities, taken from national censuses of population andhousing done in the decades from 1950 to 2010, published by the InstitutoNacional de Estadísticas, Geografía e Informática (National Institute ofStatistics, Geography and it, inegi), as well as photographs from variousarchives and from the author’s collection. It is not appropriate to talk of an«experimental design» in this work, since it is not an «experiment» but anattempt to explain what has been happening among the inhabitants of theMexican coasts on the basis of the developing situation over some 50 yearsof constant colonisation
Land and power: the territorial claims of indigenous people in the Bolivian Amazon
Get PDFThe article shows that the territory and the territorial claims are two key issues for the amazonianindigenous peoples in Bolivia. The territory has an important role in cultural reproduction and politicalorganization. The research was conducted in Mojos (Beni). We explain how the itinerant way of territorialoccupation has changed since the implementation of land policies from the state. Nowadays, indigenouspeoples claim the legal recognition of their old territories to face the “white men” illegal occupations.So that conception of an unlimited territory has changed. Today, they perceive a limited territory,surrounded by private properties. However, the territory has became one of the central demands of theindigenous organizations and so, allows them to position themselves politically in local and national stage
The old custom of protecting oneself from the market. Ethnography of an ‘economic process’ among the Nahuas of Huasteca
Get PDFStarting from the ethnographic record of an economic process which occurred in a Nahua communityin Mexico, this article seeks to explore some of the contemporary complexities which accompany the courseof the indigenous peoples of the continent. The problem is addressed by recovering certain elements ofclassic economic anthropology and is centred on the interaction which arises when a micro-credit programmeis introduced into an indigenous community. The case in question serves to demonstrate, once again, thatglobal and national trends end up by being relocated by local actors. It also seeks to remind us that economicmatters may be, and indeed are, subordinate to social
Mezcala community and ethnic recreation in neoliberal globalization
Get PDFThe confl ict in which it is embedded Mezcala about threats to their community land is part ofa renewal of the idea of community and content of ethnic identity. In face to the collapse of the postrevolutionary,which sheltered the territoriality of Mezcala, the new proposals associated with the idea ofindigenous peoples-in this case Coca-Pueblo are helping to renew the land rights and self-government butalso the contents of being indigenous and community life
Interculturalidad en contexto mapuche
Get PDFInterculturalidad en contexto mapucheAutores:Quilaqueo Rapiman, D.; Fernández, C. A.;Quintriqueo Millán, S. (editores)Neuquén: EDUCO-Editorial de la UniversidadNacional del Comahue, 2010. 288 págs