Portal de Revistas Académicas UC Temuco
Not a member yet
1040 research outputs found
Sort by
Huellas de la cultura selk’nam a inicios del siglo XX: fuentes en el Archivo Salesiano de Buenos Aires
Get PDFControl y resistencia en la organización del proceso de trabajo académico en Chile. Explotación con base en el prestigio
Get PDFIn Chile, the explosive increase in university enrollment from the 1990s onwards has transformed the academic labor market, reflected on the number of higher education institutions in operation since that time, as well as the diversification of the offer regarding disciplines. Due to the foregoing, the purpose of this research is to account for the organization of the academic labour process in Chile. For this, 16 semistructured interviews with academics from the Metropolitan Region were produced and analyzed. The results indicated: (1) the presence of a specialized and hierarchical organization of work that tends to separate planning execution, (2) the “trans-institutional” character of teaching in positions of little contractual stability, (3) a control structure headed by a masculinity in a position of high hierarchy, academic prestige and job stability, (4) the publication of scientific articles and "effort morality" as disciplinary mechanisms of the workforce, and (5) in terms of resistance, malaise and individual complaint in subordinate positions that are accompanied by a weak collective organization. Cross-sectionally, it is possible to observe the accumulated academic prestige as the determining factor to obtain high-ranking positions in the organization of the academic labour process; structuring an exploitative relationship from managerial positions to subordinate positions within the academic profession.En Chile, el aumento explosivo de la matrícula universitaria desde los años 90 en adelante ha transformado el mercado laboral académico, reflejándose en la cantidad de instituciones de educación superior en funcionamiento desde aquella época, así como la diversificación de la oferta de matrícula en términos disciplinares. Debido a lo anterior, la presente investigación tiene por objetivo dar cuenta de la organización del proceso de trabajo académico en Chile. Para lo anterior, se recurrió a la producción y análisis de 16 entrevistas semiestructuradas en académicos y académicas de la Región Metropolitana. Los resultados muestran: (1) la presencia de una organización del trabajo especializada y jerarquizada que tiende a separar ejecución de planificación, (2) el carácter “trans-institucional” de la docencia en posiciones de poca estabilidad contractual, (3) una estructura de control encabezada por una masculinidad en posición de alta jerarquía, prestigio académico y estabilidad laboral, (4) la publicación de artículos científicos y la “moral del esfuerzo” como mecanismos disciplinantes de la fuerza de trabajo, y (5) en términos de resistencia, un malestar y queja individual en las posiciones subordinadas que son acompañadas por una débil organización colectiva (gremial-sindical). De forma transversal, es posible observar que el prestigio académico acumulado es el determinante en la obtención de posiciones de alta jerarquía en la organización del proceso de trabajo académico; estructurando una relación de explotación desde las posiciones directivas hacia las subordinadas al interior de la profesión académica
Reflexiones epistémicas acerca del estudio de la subjetividad en movimientos populares
Get PDFThis article is aimed at socializing a series of epistemic reflections on the study of popular movements, particularly from an approach centeredin the construction of subjectivities. These reflections derive from a doctoral research work carried out in collaboration with popular movements of BuenosAires Metropolitan Area, Argentina. From a critical epistemology perspective, the category of placement, which structures the epistemic thought of Hugo Zemelman, is considered essential in terms of thematising the subjective positioning of the researchers within their historical present as well as the mediations in their relations with reality. Based on a rework of Zelmelman’s category, we introduce two dimensions of the placement: “place oneself in between” and “place oneself with (others)”. The first dimension gives an account of the dynamic and complex nature of social reality that has influence on the object approach, the theoretical options and the methodological decisions made by researchers. The second dimension considers the intersubjective nature of the research task and its implications in the researchers’ subjectivity, in which politics, ethics and epistemology are interweaved. The conclusions remark the importance of reflective exercises about research practice, from concrete experiences, as a contribution to the necessary debate on the processes of knowledge construction in Social Sciences.El objetivo de este artículo es socializar una serie de reflexiones epistémicas acerca del estudio de los movimientos populares, particularmente en su abordaje desde el enfoque de la construcción de subjetividades. Estas reflexiones tienen su origen en un trabajo de investigación doctoral llevado adelante en vinculación con movimientos populares del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Desde una perspectiva inscripta en las epistemologías críticas, se considera clave retomar la categoría de colocación, estructurante del pensamiento epistémico de Hugo Zemelman, en la búsqueda por tematizar el posicionamiento subjetivo de los/as investigadores en su presente histórico tanto como las mediaciones que operan en la relación de éstos/as con la realidad. Con base en una reelaboración de la categoría zemelmaniana, planteamos dos dimensiones de la colocación: el colocarse-entre y el colocarse-con. La primera dimensión da cuenta del carácter dinámico y complejo de la realidad social y sus influencias en la aproximación al objeto, las elecciones categoriales y las decisiones metodológicas tomadas por los/as investigadores. La segunda recupera la condición intersubjetiva que atraviesa el quehacer investigativo y sus implicancias en la subjetividad de los/as investigadores donde se entraman política, ética y epistemología. Las conclusiones advierten acerca de la centralidad de realizar ejercicios reflexivos sobre la práctica investigativa, partiendo de experiencias concretas, como aporte al necesario debate en torno a los procesos de construcción de conocimiento en el campo de las Ciencias Sociales
La función de las conexiones sintagmáticas en una red lexica experimental para el lexema ulica
Get PDFThis article presents an experimental lexical network, which was created as a result of a cyclically-conducted the basis of free word associations for the Polish. Meaning in a network of this kind is represented by the connections between the defined lexeme and the defining lexeme. Using the lexeme ‘street’ (in Polish: ulica) as an example, we show how dependencies build meaning and which function is performed by syntagmatic relations.El presente trabajo presenta una red léxica experimental, originada de resultados de un experimento, conducido cíclicamente, del test de asociación libre de palabras, para la lengua polaca, que buscaba examinar el reconocimiento del significado. En tal red, el significado se representa mediante las conexiones entre lexema definido y lexema definidor. Acudiendo al lexema ‘calle’ (en polaco, ulica) se muestra de qué modo las dependencias construyen el significado y qué función desempeñan las relaciones sintagmáticas
Traditional agroforestry for food security and agrobiodiversity- The Angami Naga nhalie-teizie binary system in Nagaland state of India
Get PDFTraditional agroforestry practice of Angami Nagas is the integrated system of cultivating multipurpose local tree species with traditional crops varieties. Nhalie (slash and burn) and teizie (home garden) are the two major forms of traditional agroforestry which are the primary sources of food, medicine, firewood, fodder, cultural needs, livelihoods and other utilities of equal importance. The present study, which was conducted from, March 2016 to November 2019, aims to investigate the contribution of traditional agroforestry to food security among the Angami Nagas of Kohima district, Nagaland. Data collection methods included group discussion, semi-structured interview and field observations. Angami agroforestry is the main repository of agrobiodiversity. Agrobiodiversity plays important role in food security of the Angami Nagas. Agrobiodiversity avails of continuous accessibility of diverse foods all the year round. This study documented 32 species under 8 types of crops cultivated in nhalie and 71 species of food plants from teizie (homegarden). Nhalie has the potential to augment coproduction of foods and firewood to meet the increasing needs of food and energy security without negative consequences on environment. Pretty good number of wild edibles and conventional crops growing in home gardens contributes towards supplementing food during off season. Well-designed Angami granary and traditional techniques of preservation help to ensure food security by reducing unwanted post-harvest damages. Angami agroforestry not only enhances food and energy security but also infers as a tool for conservation of agrobiodiversity and sustainable development
Ultrafiltration of Moroccan Valencia orange juice: juice quality, optimization by custom designs and membrane fouling
Get PDFThe growing demand for healthy foods has forced researchers to develop processes capable of concentrating or clarifying fruit juices while producing high quality products and the most promising techniques are membrane techniques. However, the obstacle of these techniques is the fouling problem. The objective of this study is to clarify Moroccan Valencia orange juice by ultrafiltration (UF) using two plate membranes characterized by different membrane materials (polyether sulfone (PES) and polysulfone (PS) with a molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) of 30 and 20 k Da respectively. The performance of these membranes was studied in terms of selectivity and productivity in respect to parameters describing juice quality. In the first part of this work, the response surface method (RSM) based on custom designs (CD) was used to model and optimize the UF process. The independent variables of the RSM method are transmembrane pressure (TMP) and feed flow rate (FF), while permeate flux is considered as a response. Secondly, Hermia model and resistance model were applied to describe and to identify the fouling mechanism.
According to the results, the two membranes kept the original composition while the total suspended solids (SS) and the pectin content were completely removed. Both factors (TMP) and (FF) influence significantly the permeate flux. A TMP of 1,99-2 bar and FF of 229,99-330 L/h for PES and PS respectively were obtained. ANOVA of the regression model showed that both models are highly significant with R2 > 0,95. However, the PES membrane exhibits a permeate flux which is greater than the PS membrane. The rejection rates of the monitored parameters were lower than those obtained by the PS membrane. The concentration polarization is the main cause of the flux drop and it appears that, for both membranes, the fouling is due to surface fouling mechanisms which is a cake formation
Space Syntax Analysis as tool to develop Sustainable Tourism: The Case of Garli, a hamlet in Kangra district, Himachal Pradesh, India
Get PDF: Human settlements have evolved through ages to arrive at the complex mechanisms they display today in terms of spatial metamorphosis. However study of spatial characteristics, are important as they signify strategic parameters for augmentation and rehabilitation of human settlements and help to identify key issues for transformation. Space syntax analysis is an approach to understand spatial characteristics through a set of analytical, quantitative and descriptive tools in different forms like buildings, cities, interior spaces or landscapes. (Hillier and Hanson, 1984, Hillier, 1996)The present paper aims to understand and implement a set of analytical and descriptive approaches to Space Syntax analysis to identify the most appropriate pedestrian walkway for sustainable tourism development in the context of a Himalayan hamlet, Garli in Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh
Building awareness about environmental degradation and the depletion of its resources was first identified in the report “The Limits to Growth” by D.L. Meadows and “Man and His Environment” by U'Thant that was published in the late 60s. These became the foundation for international discussions on sustainable development (Sustainable tourism Development, Ivona Niedziolka)
In the early 1970s the first United Nations (UNEP) Conference on the Human Environment chaired by UN Secretary-General took place in Stockholm. It produced an action plan for the environment based on the global environmental assessment programme called Earth-watch, highlighting Environmental management activities and International measures to support the National and International actions of assessment and management. (Cooper, Fletcher, Fyall, Gilbert, Wanhill, 2008).
It was increasingly realized that the massive environmental degradation inflicted by tourists needs to be reduced and the concept of sustainable tourism became popular which encourages tourism with minimal environmental intervention.
The present paper aims to understand the basic principles of space syntax analysis considering spatial cognition through the knowledge of axial map, integration, choice and distance measures and applying this theory to delineate the most usable pedestrian walkway as a part of sustainable network, culminating in a route for heritage walk for tourism development plan. The most integrated pathway was selected after considering the connectivity value, mean depth value, control value and accessibility
Future healthcare facility design: connecting the unconnected.
No full textABSTRACT
Design Shift Alert: Moving away from "rigid and constrained facilities" towards "flexible and adaptable facilities" that can be built up fast in an emergency. At the time of Covid, there was a dire need for facility renovations. Immediate facility adaptations were required all around the world to cope with the inflow of patients infected with highly contagious virus and to segregate hospitalized patients using negative pressure chambers for respiratory isolation. Never has healthcare design changed as swiftly as it had during the COVID-19 epidemic. There was no longer any debate about improving one's health; rather, it was a scenario of giving the bare minimum key health care. Organizations couldn't do anything because the spread was overwhelming and unprecedented for everyone. Given that we are still in the pandemic period with a more resilient population, policymakers, designers, and health professionals must radically improve the way healthcare facilities are structured in future to account for natural disasters such as Covid-19.
Although it is impossible to provide better health in these times, the healthcare facilities could be designed flexible to accommodate the needs of handling and caring for huge numbers of patients while still providing the bare minimum of care. To uncover chances for intervention, the entire healthcare system should be examined from primary to tertiary levels. It’s all about connecting the unconnected. Future Thinking Technique and focus groups discussion was used to explore possible solutions for future healthcare facility design
Green bar “a study on bar sustainability”
Get PDFAfter a hard day, BARs have become one of the most common places to unwind People enjoy going to bars because they provide a great atmosphere for socialising and rewarding themselves after achieving a goal, or because they might be a location to make someone feel better. However, we must recognise that a substantial amount of bar waste can be harmful.Bars can contribute to climate change and air pollution by enabling & quot; poor waste management & quot; Additionally, have a direct effect on a great number of habitats and species. Since humans have produced an excessive amount of waste, we, as responsible consumers, must devise solutions. Choosing zero-waste eco-friendly bars will reinforce a planet-conscious mentality by shifting the focus to biodegradable, low-waste, and environmentally beneficial ingredients
Isolation and characterization of chromium (vi) tolerant bacterial strains isolated from the tannery effluent of park circus area.
Get PDFHeavy metals contamination is a global environmental concern because it is difficult to remove these contaminants from the environment, unlike other pollutants. Chromium (Cr) is one of the most important heavy metals used extensively in various industries, out of which the tanning industry deserves special mention. There are more than 2500 tanneries in the country and nearly 80% of the tanneries are engaged in the chrome tanning process. Massive amounts of Cr waste are discharged annually in the environment as a result of industrial and manufacturing activities. Cr, a highly reactive element with an oxidation state of 6 exhibits stability as Cr (III) and Cr (VI). Hexavalent chromium is actually more toxic in effect to living organisms than its trivalent form. USEPA has classified Cr (VI) as a group A carcinogen, based on its chronic effects. Prolonged exposure to Cr (VI) is found to cause cancer in the digestive tract and lungs and in other cases epigastric pain, nausea and vomiting. Cr (VI) exposure has severe impacts on aquatic species also. In the present study chromium (VI) tolerant bacterial strains were isolated from the tannery effluent of Park Circus area. Most of the bacterial isolates were Gram-negative while few were Gram-positive. 6 bacterial strains were tested for their Cr tolerance capacity of which S6 showed maximum Cr tolerance of 0.4-0.5 mg/ml. The growth responses to different concentrations of Cr (VI) by the bacterial isolates, were also studied. The responses of the bacteria depended on the time of incubation and Cr (VI) concentration.
Keywords: Chromium, tolerance, bacteria, growth response.
La contaminación por metales pesados es una preocupación ambiental mundial porque es difícil eliminar estos contaminantes del medio ambiente, a diferencia de otros contaminantes. El cromo (Cr) es uno de los metales pesados más importantes que se utiliza ampliamente en diversas industrias, de las cuales la industria del curtido merece una mención especial. Hay más de 2500 curtidurías en el país y casi el 80% de las curtidurías se dedican al proceso de curtido al cromo. Anualmente se descargan enormes cantidades de residuos de Cr en el medio ambiente como resultado de las actividades industriales y de fabricación. El Cr, un elemento altamente reactivo con un estado de oxidación de 6, presenta estabilidad como Cr (III) y Cr (VI). El cromo hexavalente tiene un efecto más tóxico para los organismos vivos que su forma trivalente. La USEPA ha clasificado al Cr (VI) como carcinógeno del grupo A, con base en sus efectos crónicos. Se ha descubierto que la exposición prolongada al Cr (VI) provoca cáncer en el tracto digestivo y los pulmones y, en otros casos, dolor epigástrico, náuseas y vómitos. La exposición al Cr (VI) también tiene graves impactos en las especies acuáticas. En el presente estudio se aislaron cepas bacterianas tolerantes al cromo (VI) del efluente de la curtiduría del área de Park Circus. La mayoría de los aislados bacterianos fueron gramnegativos, mientras que pocos fueron grampositivos. Se analizaron 6 cepas bacterianas para determinar su capacidad de tolerancia al Cr, de las cuales S6 mostró una tolerancia máxima al Cr de 0,4-0,5 mg / ml. También se estudiaron las respuestas de crecimiento a diferentes concentraciones de Cr (VI) por los aislados bacterianos. Las respuestas de las bacterias dependieron del tiempo de incubación y de la concentración de Cr (VI).
Palabras clave: cromo, tolerancia, bacterias, respuesta de crecimiento.La contaminación por metales pesados es una preocupación ambiental mundial porque es difícil eliminar estos contaminantes del medio ambiente, a diferencia de otros contaminantes. El cromo (Cr) es uno de los metales pesados más importantes que se utiliza ampliamente en diversas industrias, de las cuales la industria del curtido merece una mención especial. Hay más de 2500 curtidurías en el país y casi el 80% de las curtidurías se dedican al proceso de curtido al cromo. Anualmente se descargan enormes cantidades de residuos de Cr en el medio ambiente como resultado de las actividades industriales y de fabricación. El Cr, un elemento altamente reactivo con un estado de oxidación de 6, presenta estabilidad como Cr (III) y Cr (VI). El cromo hexavalente tiene un efecto más tóxico para los organismos vivos que su forma trivalente. La USEPA ha clasificado al Cr (VI) como carcinógeno del grupo A, con base en sus efectos crónicos. Se ha descubierto que la exposición prolongada al Cr (VI) provoca cáncer en el tracto digestivo y los pulmones y, en otros casos, dolor epigástrico, náuseas y vómitos. La exposición al Cr (VI) también tiene graves impactos en las especies acuáticas. En el presente estudio se aislaron cepas bacterianas tolerantes al cromo (VI) del efluente de la curtiduría del área de Park Circus. La mayoría de los aislados bacterianos fueron gramnegativos, mientras que pocos fueron grampositivos. Se analizaron 6 cepas bacterianas para determinar su capacidad de tolerancia al Cr, de las cuales S6 mostró una tolerancia máxima al Cr de 0,4-0,5 mg / ml. También se estudiaron las respuestas de crecimiento a diferentes concentraciones de Cr (VI) por los aislados bacterianos. Las respuestas de las bacterias dependieron del tiempo de incubación y de la concentración de Cr (VI).
Palabras clave: cromo, tolerancia, bacterias, respuesta de crecimiento