Portal de Revistas Académicas UC Temuco
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Application of jute fiber in soil stabilization
Get PDFAbstract: This research focuses on the use of jute fibers as a soil stabilizer to stabilize the soil. Stabilization is the process of changing the properties of a soil to improve its engineering performance, and it is used in a range of engineering projects. This study investigates the potential of jute fiber as a soil stabilizer when cutting in lengths of approximately 30 mm. Various percentages of jute fiber pieces have been used and combined with soil, including 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%. To observe the change in the technical properties of the soil, laboratory tests such as the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test, modified compaction tests and direct shear strength tests were performed. Based on the results of the experiments, it can be concluded that stabilizing the soil with 30mm pieces of jute as a stabilizer improves the strength properties of the soil, allowing it to be used as a reinforcement material for road construction, parking lots, land development projects, airports and many other applications where basements are not suitable for building
Addressing urban happiness in the context of sustainable development goals through urban design interventions: a case of Udhana, Surat.
Get PDF Though urbanization is a desired and irreversible phenomenon, it also leads to multiple problems of quality of living and sustainability. People living in highly dense urban areas suffer from stress, insecurity, competition, fear and such other psychological issues. In 2015, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were agreed upon by all 193 member states of the United Nations' (UN) Organizations. (United Nations, 2017) The ambitious set of 17 Goals fall within the Global Agenda, addresses complicated issues and covers the majority of the persistent issues that the world is distressed with (Department of Economics and Social Affairs New York, 2017). Charles Montgomery says in his book “Happy City” that a Livable city is a happy one. To create a robust and sustainable city, the social and mental well-being of city dwellers is important (Montgomery, 2015).
This study aims to evaluate an urban environment in context of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as well as various aspects of “Urban Happiness”, identify the issues lowering its rate of livability index and propose context specific solutions through planning and design interventions. The location has been chosen since it is characterized by a large migrant population in Surat, Gujarat's fastest developing metropolis. The intricacy of urban livability and happiness is exacerbated by migration, which necessitates equal consideration for everybody. After understanding basic literature regarding urban happiness in the framework of SDG and a relevant case study, an analysis matrix is developed to identify the design parameters. A detailed site study has been carried out, and based on identified issues, context specific solutions are recommended
Review of performance indicators of smart cities in India – Ease of Living Index: a case of Lucknow smart City
Get PDFThe objective of the paper is to understand the measurement approach of ‘Ease of Living’ concept of Smart Cities in India under the Smart City Mission with sample case of city of Lucknow of Uttar Pradesh. The city Lucknow was chosen for study, as sample case, being a city selected in the Indian Smart Cities Mission, a surprise selection under the smart city mission and good rank in ‘Ease of Living’ index results, both of which require merits in multidisciplinary aspects in a city and fitness of its development strategy. In this study of Lucknow city, it was observed that Ease of Living Index has few gaps in measuring the situation, as there is little clarity on ‘on ground’ situation from the index especially from perspective of strength and weakness of city. The study is to explore impact in ground realities as observed in the index results in weakest and strongest sector of city services
Evaluation of Chromium Toxicity on Different Growth and Biochemical Attributes of Abrus precatorius L.
Get PDFThe toxicity of trace metals on human health and the environment has attracted considerable attention in recent years. Plants are the main link in the transfer of heavy metals from the contaminated soil to humans. In the present study, effects of different concentrations of chromium (Cr, 50-250 mg/l) was analyzed in medicinal plant Abrus precatorius L. with respect to seed germination, shoot and root growth and their dry weights along with changes in biochemical contents like pigments, protein and total sugar. The study showed that the different concentrations of Cr had an adverse effect on percentage of germination and growth parameters. The results also suggested that at higher concentrations, roots were strongly affected as compared to shoots. Further, when biochemical analysis was carried out it was depicted that the biochemical contents like chlorophyll A and B, carotenoids, protein and total sugar also decreased sequentially as the Cr concentration was increased
A Review Paper on Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate by different Allied Materials
Get PDFAbstract - As results of the fast increase in construction activity, ancient construction materials reminiscent of cement, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate is in short supply. Concrete is that the most significant part in building and is employed in massive quantities. It conjointly necessitates an enormous quantity of sand as a fine aggregate. Natural resources are being depleted by digging up sand from rivers, which poses a major threat to the ecosystem. Experts are therefore now focusing on developing a substitute to concrete and sand. In the manufacturing of concrete, however, a number of wastes and by-products from various industries are employed as substitutes or alternative materials
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Get PDFModeling the Current and future potential distribution of Arabis alpina using MaxEnt software in selected mountains areas of Ethiopia
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to model the current and future distributions of the plant species, Arabis alpina, using MaxEnt software. Accordingly, a total of 70 locations data were used for this investigation. The occurrence record of this species was obtained from herbarium of Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute and Google Earth version 7 from highland areas of Ethiopia. Climate data with a spatial resolution of 30 s (approximately 1 km2), was downloaded from world climate database website. The result of this analysis confirmed that the average test of AUC is 0.970. This is an excellent model for the selected variables since the AUC value was more than 0.90. The test of the jackknife indicated the current distribution of Arabis alpina was mainly influenced by Annual Mean Temperature (Bio1) and the Min Temperature of Coldest Month (Bio6) that contributed 74.9% and 17.5% to the MaxEnt model respectively. Regarding the future climatic condition the result of this investigation indicated that the average test of AUC was 0.959. The jackknife test was also indicated that, Precipitation of Wettest Quarter (bio16) that contributed 95.1% to the MaxEnt model. Generally, from the picture of the model of current climatic conditions indicated that Arabis alpina occurs in most highland areas of Ethiopian but the model for future climatic condition indicated that this plant will be restricted to few areas of the country. This might me due to climate change, anthropogenic degradation and Invasive Alien Species. In addition from the picture of the model there might be shifting of habitat from the lower altitude to the higher altitude .This might be due to an increase in temperature and decrease in precipitation. Therefore, this study recommends the integration of future climate situation into current restoration and conservation policies to protect ecologically sensitive species of the country
Efficacy of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles using Leaf Extract of Melia azedarach against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Get PDFThe present investigation was carried out to the study of biosynthesized AgNPs using leafextracts of M. azedarach in S. frugiperda. The UV spectrum of the aqueous medium containing silvernanoparticles showed an absorption peak at around 400 nm. FTIR was performed to identify thefunctional groups related to different chemical compounds. XRD pattern confirmed the formation ofnanocrystals in nature. SEM has been used to investigate the morphology of prepared AgNPs. Thirdinstar larvae were exposed to different concentrations of synthesized AgNPs for 24 hrs. The highestmortality was observed in aqueous extract and synthesized AgNPs against third instars larvae of S.frugiperda of LC50 and LC90 values of 36.83(28.05-57.78), 85.71(55.65-425.73) and 25.44(18.27-33.60), 58.65(41.82-143.87) respectively. The silver nanoparticle was found to larvicidal activity againstS. frugiperda.Key words: M. azedarach, UV, FTIR, XRD, SE
Soil stabilization using micro silica
Get PDFSoil can make or break the structures. The ability of any soil depends on its properties. Soil stabilization in a broader sense, incorporates various methods employed for modifying the properties of a soil to improve its engineering performance. This project deals with the usage of micro silica for stabilization of a hilly soil sample. An attempt has been made to stabilize the soil sample with an addition of 10% of micro silica. The properties of soil have been tested for its shear strength, compressive strength, etc. And the results have been found to be productive.
Keywords: casagrande apparatus, direct shear test, compressive strength test, specific gravity
Study on behavior of concrete encased composite columns under axial load
Get PDFA Concrete encased steel (CES) composite column is an alternative to pure steel reinforced column. The application of such columns can be found in basement construction and metro railway stations. In this study, structural behavior of both partially encased composite (PEC) column and fully encased composite column (FEC) were investigated. A total of 12 specimens of partially encased steel composite column and fully encased composite column were analyzed. Analysis of columns was done in Ansys workbench. Steel profile used in the columns is H-section and cruciform section. The effects of some key parameters such as steel contribution ratio, end condition, and thickness of steel profiles on the performance of proposed column sections were investigated in terms of load-deformation relationship and strain behavior. Partially encased composite columns are found to be most efficient compared to fully encased composite columns. Flange thickness has a greater influence on load carrying capacity of the composite columns