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The Oral-Gut Microbiome Axis: Implications for Systemic and Oral Health
No full textThe bidirectional relationship between the oral and gut microbiomes has gained attention for its role in systemic and oral diseases. Dysbiosis, or microbial imbalance, disrupts these ecosystems, leading to inflammatory conditions. This research investigates the connection between these microbiomes, focusing on microbial translocation, disease correlation, and targeted interventions such as probiotics or dietary modifications to restore microbial homeostasis and reduce disease incidence
They’re Faking it! Diagnosing mTBIs using a Multimodal Approach
Full text linkPurpose: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) affects 69 million people annually worldwide. A significant subset of those affected will develop long-term sequelae that can seriously impact quality of life and lead to other health problems. Clinical diagnosis of mTBI is complicated by patient malingering, subjective symptomatology, and variable patient reporting. This review aimed to evaluate the potential effectiveness of combining advanced neuroimaging techniques with psychometric testing and blood biomarker analyses for developing a more objective and comprehensive mTBI assessment protocol.
Methods: A review was conducted using PubMed as the primary database, analyzing studies published between 2015 and 2023. Included studies evaluated mTBI (defined as Glasgow Coma Scale score ≥ 14) and incorporated neuroimaging assessment. Studies had to include patients presenting with characteristic mTBI symptoms, such as headache, balance/motor deficits, cognitive impairments, and fatigue. Studies focused on diagnostic accuracy, clinical utility, and integration of different assessment modalities were included.
Results: Advanced neuroimaging techniques, particularly Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), demonstrated superior detection of subtle axonal damage compared to conventional CT and MRI. Specific brain regions, including temporal, fusiform, inferior parietal, and lateral occipital areas, showed promising diagnostic potential. Psychometric assessments, notably the Test of Memory Malingering combined with pupillometry, demonstrated high sensitivity in detecting symptom validity. Blood biomarker analyses revealed S-100B, neurofilament light, and Tau proteins as potential diagnostic indicators, where temporal profiles correlating with symptom progression.
Conclusions: Evidence suggests that integration of multiple diagnostic modalities will significantly enhance mTBI diagnosis accuracy. A multimodal approach is the most effective way to overcome the limitations of individual methods. For example, psychometric tests are relatively subjective, while neuroimaging after an injury is unable to distinguish between pre-existing and new injuries. Devising a clinically relevant multimodal approach will require establishment of standardized norms and studies further validating individual approaches and estimating diagnostic accuracy for combinations of modalities relative to patient outcomes. These findings have particular relevance for Nevada\u27s healthcare system, where rapid and accurate mTBI diagnosis could significantly impact patient care in both urban and rural settings. Future research should focus on validating specific combinations of these techniques and establishing standardized protocols for clinical implementation
Holistic Management of Glucose Dysregulation Mimicking Autoimmune Disease: Case Investigation
Full text linkTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation as a treatment modality for Functional Bowel Disorder and Irritable Bowel Syndrome and possible correlations with the Gut-Brain Axis: A review
No full textFunctional Bowel Disorders (FBD), including Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), are highly prevalent gastrointestinal conditions classified as Disorders of Gut-Brain Interactions (DGBIs) under the Rome IV criteria. These conditions, marked by abdominal pain, altered bowel habits, and significant psychological comorbidities, present substantial challenges in both diagnosis and treatment. Conventional therapies primarily target gut-centric mechanisms but often yield limited efficacy, underscoring the need for approaches that account for the complex interplay of the gut-brain axis in DGBI pathophysiology
Anxiety Reduction in Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Novel Deep-Pressure Cutaneous Stimulation Therapy
Full text linkClinical Efficacy of various Molar Distalization Appliance to correct Class II Malocclusions: A Case Series
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Task-Shifting and Task-Sharing in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC’s): Impact on Surgical Outcomes and Global Healthcare Delivery
Full text linkEnhancing Learning in Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics: A Systematic Review of Blended Educational Methods Running Title: Blended Learning in Dental Education
Full text linkTitle: Enhancing Learning in Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics: A Systematic Review of Blended Educational Methods Running Title: Blended Learning in Dental Education
Abstract
Background: The integration of e-learning into dental education has accelerated, driven by technological advancements and the need for adaptive teaching methods post-pandemic. Blended learning, which combines traditional face-to-face instruction with online components, offers a promising approach in dental curricula.
Objective: This systematic review examines the impact of blended learning on theoretical knowledge retention and clinical skills development in restorative dentistry and endodontics among undergraduate dental students.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases up to December 2022. Clinical studies, including randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and observational studies involving undergraduate dental students, were considered. Two authors independently screened articles, performed quality assessments, and evaluated the risk of bias using the Risk of Bias 2 and ROBINS-I tools. Discrepancies were resolved by a third reviewer.
Results: From 32 identified articles, six studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing three randomized controlled trials with a total of 448 participants. Five studies demonstrated that blended learning methods significantly improved theoretical knowledge retention and practical clinical skills. Risk of bias was low in most studies, with two studies rated as having some concerns and one study showing moderate risk. Overall, the evidence quality was assessed as low.
Conclusion: Blended learning effectively enhances dental education outcomes, complementing traditional methods. While it cannot entirely replace conventional teaching, it enriches the learning experience by enabling flexibility and personalized pacing.
Clinical Implications: The adoption of blended learning in dental education facilitates a dynamic and student-centered approach. By integrating online lectures, demonstrations, and interactive content, it empowers students to revisit and reinforce learning materials at their own pace, fostering deeper engagement and skill acquisition