Al-Kindi Center for Research and Development (KCRD) (E-Journals)
Not a member yet
6248 research outputs found
Sort by
Court and Tribunal Adjournments and Related Documents in The United Kingdom and Spain. Spanish - English Legal Terminology , Structures and ‘Court-lish’ Translations
No full textLegal Translation is an essential division within a specialised translation. One of the most frequent documents in court communication is called ‘adjournment’. Thanks to this, every court party is aware of the importance of this legal document. However, this brief but frequent court document has not been analysed thoroughly, especially within a specialised translation. The purpose of this study is to analyse the internal structure of court adjournments, their terminology and the possible equivalence in the (Spanish-English) target language. The conclusion of this comparison will reveal important linguistic features in court English, coined here as ‘Court-lish’, and establish certain translation patterns in Spanish. The reason for this study is twofold: firstly, to give this court document prominence within specialised translations and, on the other hand, to ease effective communication if a court hearing is finally adjourned in any of the two analysed languages
Underproduction and Overproduction: Comparison of the Use of English Relative Clauses in Chinese EFL Learners’ and Native Speakers’ Academic Writing
No full textThis study investigates Chinese ESL learners’ production of English relative clauses in academic writing with corpus-based methodologies. With the help of a series of retrieval codes for Antconc software designed for the investigation, different types of relative clauses in both L1-Chinese students’ and L1-English students’ essays are identified for statistical analysis and textual analysis. The results validate a phenomenon reported in previous studies that Chinese ESL learners generally underproduce relative clauses. Meanwhile, it is found that they especially underproduce finite restrictive relative clauses and non-finite present participial relative clauses. On the other hand, we unexpectedly find they overproduce non-restrictive relative clauses compared with native speakers. The analysis of some representative examples reveals that their behaviours could be attributed to the following factors: 1) the insufficient mastery of the grammatical structure of relative clauses; 2) the way they organize information; 3）the transfer from Chinese “run-on sentences. These findings could provide insights for ESL teachers to understand L1-English students’ problems with producing relative clauses and better teach them how and when to use certain types of relative clauses
Language and the Law: Investigating Linguistic Evidence in Jordanian Courts
No full textThe intersection between language and the law has been attracting much attention in recent years. Yet, this intertwined relationship is still glossed over in several regions including the Arab world (Rosenhouse, 2013). Drawing upon data from audio-recorded semi-structured interviews with 34 participants specialized in the fields of law and linguistics, this study delves into the mechanism used in the investigation and proof of linguistic evidence in Jordanian courts, and how language-related cases are handled in the Jordanian courts. The sample of the study was comprised of judges (n= 6), public prosecutors (n= 5), lawyers (n= 6), investigation police officers (n= 5), handwriting analysis experts (n= 6), speaker recognition experts (n= 2), law academics (n= 2) and linguists (n= 2). The collected qualitative data were transcribed and analyzed adopting Braun and Clarke’s (2006) six-stage thematic analysis. The results showed that written and spoken linguistic evidence is examined and analyzed by experts who have no knowledge of linguistics. They cannot provide cogent reports based on convincing and accepted linguistic principles, which leads to a weakening of the argument of linguistic evidence. 
Literal Translation: Advantages and Disadvantages from the Perspective of Translation Students
No full textThe translator\u27s main task while practicing the process of translating from one language to another is to choose the suitable strategy for the suitable text. Literal translation is the starting point for any translator and may be changed according to the text-type. This means, it is not a fault in translation. While it is sometimes useful, it can have several disadvantages. One of the main drawbacks is that it can result in awkward or unnatural-sounding language, as it may not capture the nuances, idioms, or cultural references present in the original text. This can lead to a loss of meaning or confusion for the reader. This paper is going to search the advantages and disadvantages of literal translation according to the point of view of a group of translation students in Aden University (Yemen)
A Minimalist Account of Arabic ‘Verbless’ Sentences: Towards a Null Copula Hypothesis
No full textThis paper offers a critical analysis of Arabic null copular sentences or what is referred to as ‘verbless’ sentences. Building on Errguig and Jmila (2025), aspects of the limitation of the non-null hypothesis are discussed based on UG principles. First, we argue, drawing on X-bar theory that only a null copula structure [CP[C[TP[T[VP[V[e][NP/PP/AP]]]]] seems to be possible. Second, we demonstrate that T is specified for [+D, ±V], in addition to a [+finite] feature, following Rizzi (1997). Furthermore, tracing the directional mapping in a derivation having the structure [CP[C[TP[T[NP/PP/AP]]]]] is not feasible. As per learnability, facts show that children acquire null copular sentences before T and without any learning effort. Further evidence for the VP nature of the predicate, particularly through the coordination constituency test, strengthens the hypothesis of a null copula. Consequently, we suggest a fully-fledged null copula hypothesis upon exploring formal licensing and identification principles. The empty copula is formally licensed and identified under head government by strong [+finite] T. The significance of this study lies in proposing a uniform, and minimally constrained grammar for the Arabic T system. The findings imply that further research is needed to investigate the applicability of the null copula hypothesis to other languages
Tribalism vs Democracy in Africa: The Case of Liberia and Sierra Leone
No full textBoth Liberia and Sierra Leone are still grappling with legacies of brutal civil wars (1989 to 2003), with tribalism - the unfair treatment of others on grounds of tribal identity differences - widely regarded as a primary driver of these conflicts. The goal of this study is to find out how the Liberian and Sierra Leonean diaspora in Australia offer solutions to the problem of tribalism, drawing from their own exposures to Australia. The study revolves around the main research question: ‘To what extent, if at all, is tribalism perceived to be a major cause of conflict in your country?’ Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 Liberians and 25 Sierra Leoneans across Australia. The thematic content analysis technique was used to categorize themes and patterns across the various interview scripts. One of the main findings was that tribalism promotes conflict by demoting democracy: 76% of the Liberians and 73% of the Sierra Leoneans pparticipants were of the view that the consolidation of a strong civil society and sound democratic culture were essential for a sustainable state of peace and stability in Liberia and Sierra Leone, and that tribalism was thwarting the growth of a strong democratic culture in their home countries. To build a genuine democratic culture in Liberia and Sierra Leone, tribal politics must be banished. Educational and legislative measures should be instituted to stem ethnic voting in national elections
Purposes and Techniques of Persian Language Learning by Nonnative Speakers in Afghanistan: A Case Study of Takhar Province
No full textThe study investigated the purposes and techniques of learning the Persian language by nonnative speakers, its use in social settings, and learners’ motivation to highlight the necessity of planning a school-based learning curriculum, teaching methods, and providing its learning course materials in the country. A questionnaire with 30 items was used to collect data from 200 respondents from Taloqan city a northern city in Afghanistan. Participants were selected from university lecturers, school teachers, administrative staff, and businessmen who work in the exchange market. SPSS version 25.0 was used in data analysis. Descriptive statistics were used in data analysis. The results show that non-Persian speakers learn this language to use it in school education, academic studies, administrative affairs, and the business market. The Persian language plays a great role in Afghan people’s lives, as different linguistic groups learn it to use in the fields of education, official works, social communications, cultural behavior, media, and business activities. Learners mostly learn Persian in their childhood and teenage years using traditional techniques in informal environments and natural settings, as they learn it through their social interactions in school and open contexts and there is no systematic and purposive program for teaching and learning Persian. The of the study sows that Persian teachers and university lecturers have a big responsibility to do researches regarding the subject and academic institutes are asked to make policies and plans to provide teaching techniques and course materials for Persian language learners
The Impact of Emotional Regulation Intervention in Group Psychological Counseling on Individual Emotional Regulation Ability
No full textAs a core ability for individual mental health, emotional regulation is crucial for mental health. At the same time, group psychological counseling, as a widely used and economically efficient psychological intervention method in modern psychology, has shown unique advantages in improving individual emotional regulation abilities. This article focuses on the measurement methods of emotional regulation in group psychological counseling, intervention measures for individual emotional regulation ability, and theoretical models of emotional regulation. It systematically sorts out the impact of emotional regulation intervention in group psychological counseling on individual emotional regulation, and combines the limitations of existing research to look forward to future exploration directions, providing theoretical support and practical reference for emotional regulation
Comparative analysis of Child Development Approaches Across Different Education Systems Globally
No full textA comparative analysis of worldwide educational systems and their effect on child development emerges from this research that relies on Entire World Educational Data, UNICEF State of the World’s Children 2021 and Global College Statistics Dataset. The research uses global education metrics together with societal economic factors and welfare evaluation metrics and university performance indicators to uncover fundamental associations between school success rates and education impartiality as well as worldwide youth development success components. Acting upon data stemming from more than 200 nations regarding literacy rates, primary and secondary enrollment, educational funding and childhood health indicators, college-grade CGPA, gender balance and availability of sports programs and placement opportunities. The evaluation utilizes Python and Excel and Tableau for analytical purposes to quantify the correlations between socio-economic factors, gender roles and early child development and higher education achievement levels. Countries that enhance their spending on primary education and childhood healthcare programs generate superior academic results at tertiary institutions by achieving better CGPA and finding better placements. The research presents evidence about the gender inequality problems as well as the challenges in providing high-quality education and research productivity differences that exist between worldwide locations. Living in low-income countries frequently leads students to abandon their studies earlier while keeping postgraduate education out of reach because of early life development challenges. This study enhances global educational comprehension while demonstrating that policies must combine solutions for early childhood development and high education quality improvement. The research results provide evidence for developing inclusive educational reforms that use data to decrease long-term educational gaps. Some datasets containing synthetic information portray actual educational reality to help educators along with governments and global institutions take practical actions
Predicting S&P 500 Closing Prices Using a Feedforward Neural Network: A Machine Learning Approach
No full textThe Standard and Poor’s 500 index is a crucial benchmark for investors, financial analysts, and policymakers to assess stock market performance and make informed investment decisions. Accurate S&P 500 closing price prediction is vital for efficient portfolio management and risk mitigation. This study explores the application of neural networks, specifically the Feedforward Neural Network, to predict the S&P 500 closing price. The author used a dataset from 1950 to 2024, including variables such as open, high, low, close, and volume as the initial step. Various training-testing ratios are tested to evaluate the models\u27 performance. The results highlight that an eighty to twenty split yields the best predictive accuracy, with the lowest Mean Absolute Error and Mean Absolute Percentage Error. Additionally, this study compares the Feedforward Neural Network\u27s predictions to polynomial regression models and investigates cluster-wise fitting techniques to enhance accuracy. The findings demonstrate that neural networks can significantly improve the predictive power of S&P 500 closing prices, particularly when combined with advanced regression techniques, providing valuable insights for academic research and practical financial decisions