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Cryptocurrency — Legally Navigating The ‘Highway to Climate Hell
Full text linkThe U.S. electric system is regarded as history’s greatest engineering achievement and the second most important invention in history. This Article analyzes the provocative legal ‘dark side’ of crypto currency now compromising the sustainability and resiliency of the U.S. electric system. Crypto currency miners have migrated in mass during the 2020s from Asia to several areas of the U.S., choosing inefficiently to waste large amounts of fossil-fuel and electric power. Scholars suggest that Bitcoin’s indirect carbon emissions at the current rate, alone with no other increases by world nations (which in fact are still increasing rapidly) are enough to push global warming beyond the Paris Agreement commitment to stay below an increase in temperature of two degrees Celsius./= / \u3e/= / \u3eThe Secretary-General of the United Nations states that we are travelling now on the “highway to climate hell.” This Article analyzes the legal ‘dark side’ of crypto currency, the Constitution, and recent Supreme Court precedent:/= / \u3e/= / \u3e• Notwithstanding that climate policy is federal law and that electric power is the key sector of the economy warming climate, the federal government has no authority over crypto mining and its excessive electric power use emitting greenhouse gases;/= / \u3e/= / \u3e• Constitutional and common law precedent limiting government crypto control;/= / \u3e/= / \u3e• Constitutional separation of powers constricting Executive Branch action on climate and electric power matters, culminating in the West Virginia v. EPA (2022) decision;/= / \u3e/= / \u3e• Equal Protection Clause precedent blocking state actions restricting crypto power use; and/= / \u3e/= / \u3e• A suite of failed federal and state attempts to legally regulate crypto mining./= / \u3e/= / \u3eThis Article highlights and analyzes U.S. crypto miners choosing fossil-fuel-fired power extending the life of polluting coal plants otherwise scheduled to close. This frustrates President Biden’s Inflation Reduction Act devoting hundreds of billions of dollars to shift the U.S. economy to renewable energy. This frustration is backstopped now by hundreds of cities in 31 states plus several states, supported by Supreme Court precedent, blocking effective rapid deployment of Biden’s sustainable renewable energy infrastructure laws and thus significantly warming climate./= / \u3e/= / \u3eIn its final sections, this Article constructs legal ‘work-arounds’ to regulate crypto power that do not require any change of U.S. law or any action that contradicts the Constitution’s separation of powers. States have discretion strategically to reconstruct certain incentives and moratoria to reshape the use of power resources for crypto mining that will shift resource use in order better to sustain a fragile climate. These techniques are necessary as well to preserve resiliency of the U.S. electric power system and to meet U.S. international climate pledges to maintain a livable climate. The final sections propose a ‘win-win’ outcome
Constitutional Law—Miss Anti-United States of America—How Courts Expanded Judicial Authority by Foregoing Constitutional Avoidance—Green v. Miss USA, LLC, 52 F.4th 773 (9th Cir. 2022)
Full text linkBeyond Standard Model: neutrino-antineutrino pairs in nuclear reactions of beta-decay and proton-neutron transmutation.
Full text linkOn examples of different beta-decay reactions, we show that the neutrino-antineutrino pairs should be added as necessary reagents to the equations of the decay reactions where a neutrino or an antineutrino is among the products of the reaction. In our models, quarks and leptons are all made of basic fractional +-e/3 charges. Transfer of basic charges between reagents forms the products of the reaction. We suggest that there is no direct conversion of u-quark to d-quark and visa versa. Each transmutation involves a transfer of basic charges from a neutrino to a quark so the structure of remaining charges in the neutrino is a new quark and the quark receiving the charges is an electron or a positron. We suggest that a neutrino-antineutrino pair should be added as an essential reagent into the equation of the reaction of production of a deuteron out of two protons in the proton-proton chain which is an essential part of the fusion chain of reactions
Syntax, Newsletter of the Suffolk University English Department, Issue 14, Fall 2024
Full text linkhttps://dc.suffolk.edu/syntax/1013/thumbnail.jp
Internet Law—Willful Ignorance Is Bliss for Media Conglomerates When It Comes to Sex Trafficking—Does v. Reddit, Inc., 51 F.4th 1137 (9th Cir. 2022)
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