Revista Científica INGENIAR - Ingeniería, Tecnología e Investigación
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Análisis de factibilidad de la implementación de sistemas fotovoltaicos en la comunidad de San José Cayapa
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0264
The growing demand for energy, coupled with current environmental and economic challenges, has prompted the search for sustainable and economical alternatives for electricity generation. In this context, photovoltaic systems represent an efficient solution for rural communities, where access to conventional energy is limited, located in the coastal region of Ecuador. This study analyzes the feasibility of implementing photovoltaic systems in the community of San José de Cayapas, located within the area of influence of the Borbón 1 feeder, which supplies several communities San José de Cayapas. With a maximum registered demand of 1.2 MW, the need to evaluate the impact of distributed generation on the local power grid was identified. Specialized tools such as HOMER and DIgSILENT PowerFactory were used to model the integration of solar energy and perform a detailed power flow analysis. The results reveal that, without PV generation, the grid presents an active power demand of 340 kW and a reactive power demand of 270 kVAR, while with the implementation of the PV system, these demands are reduced to 237.52 kW and 183.26 kVAR respectively. This 23.66% decrease in network load represents a significant improvement in terms of energy efficiency, system stability and loss reduction.
Keywords: Photovoltaic energy, feasibility analysis, San José Cayapa community, renewable energy, sustainability.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0264
Resumen
La creciente demanda de energía, sumada a los desafíos ambientales y económicos actuales, ha impulsado la búsqueda de alternativas sostenibles y económicas para la generación de electricidad. En este contexto, los sistemas fotovoltaicos representan una solución eficiente para las comunidades rurales, donde el acceso a la energía convencional es limitado, situada en la región costera de Ecuador. El presente estudio analiza la factibilidad de implementar sistemas fotovoltaicos en la comunidad de San José de Cayapas, ubicada dentro del área de influencia del alimentador Borbón 1, el cual abastece San José de Cayapas, con una demanda máxima registrada de 1,2 MW, se identificó la necesidad de evaluar el impacto de la generación distribuida sobre la red eléctrica local. Para ello, se emplearon herramientas especializadas como HOMER y DIgSILENT PowerFactory, con el fin de modelar la integración de energía solar y realizar un análisis detallado del flujo de potencia. Los resultados revelan que, sin generación fotovoltaica, la red presenta una demanda de potencia activa de 340 kW y una reactiva de 270 kVAR, mientras que con la implementación del sistema fotovoltaico, dichas demandas se reducen a 237,52 kW y 183,26 kVAR respectivamente. Esta disminución del 23,66% en la carga de la red representa una mejora significativa en términos de eficiencia energética, estabilidad del sistema y reducción de pérdidas.
Palabras clave: Energía fotovoltaica, análisis de factibilidad, comunidad San José Cayapa, energía renovable, sostenibilidad.
Abstract
The growing demand for energy, coupled with current environmental and economic challenges, has prompted the search for sustainable and economical alternatives for electricity generation. In this context, photovoltaic systems represent an efficient solution for rural communities, where access to conventional energy is limited, located in the coastal region of Ecuador. This study analyzes the feasibility of implementing photovoltaic systems in the community of San José de Cayapas, located within the area of influence of the Borbón 1 feeder, which supplies several communities San José de Cayapas. With a maximum registered demand of 1.2 MW, the need to evaluate the impact of distributed generation on the local power grid was identified. Specialized tools such as HOMER and DIgSILENT PowerFactory were used to model the integration of solar energy and perform a detailed power flow analysis. The results reveal that, without PV generation, the grid presents an active power demand of 340 kW and a reactive power demand of 270 kVAR, while with the implementation of the PV system, these demands are reduced to 237.52 kW and 183.26 kVAR respectively. This 23.66% decrease in network load represents a significant improvement in terms of energy efficiency, system stability and loss reduction.
Keywords: Photovoltaic energy, feasibility analysis, San José Cayapa community, renewable energy, sustainability.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 15 de febrero de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 17 de abril de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 10 de mayo de 2025
Influencia del Aditivo Superplastificante en la Resistencia y Porosidad del Hormigón con varias relaciones Agua-Cemento
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i16.0281
Abstract
The evolution of the materials used in concrete engineering are key factors that directly affect strength and porosity, as well as durability and structural performance; The use of superplasticizer additives as water reducers contributes to improving the quality of concrete without affecting its workability. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effect of the superplasticizer additive on the compressive strength and porosity percentage of concrete. For this work, several a/c ratios were designed, where the amount of superplasticizer and the cement content were kept constant. Cylindrical specimens were made, which were tested for resistance and porosity after completing a curing period under controlled conditions. The results obtained after the tests carried out show us that, with the incorporation of the superplasticizer additive, in concrete mixtures whose water-cement ratio is low, it manages to significantly optimize the properties of the concrete and also reduces porosity. However, in mixtures with a high ratio, the additive is less significant due to excess water, this produces greater porosity, lower strength and durability of the concrete. The use of superplasticizer in the correct dose significantly enhances the properties of the concrete. The optimization of the design of mixtures through the correct dosage of the additive is essential to obtain concretes with better structural behavior and longer useful life.
Keywords: Compressive strength, Superplasticizers, porosity, Durability of concrete, Water-cement ratio.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i16.0281
Resumen
La evolución de los materiales utilizados en la ingeniería del hormigón, son factores claves que afectan directamente a la resistencia y porosidad, así como también a la durabilidad y desempeño estructural; el uso de los aditivos superplastificantes como reductores de agua contribuyen a mejorar la calidad del hormigón sin afectar su trabajabilidad. Esta investigación tiene como propósito evaluar el efecto que causa el aditivo superplastificante en la resistencia a la compresión y el porcentaje de porosidad del hormigón. Para este trabajo se diseñaron varias relaciones a/c, donde se mantuvo constante la cantidad de superplastificante y el contenido de cemento. Se realizaron especímenes cilíndricos, los cuales fueron puestos a ensayos de resistencia y porosidad luego de cumplir con un período de curado en condiciones controladas. Los resultados obtenidos luego de los ensayos realizados nos demuestran que, con la incorporación del aditivo superplastificante, en las mezclas de hormigón cuya relación agua-cemento es baja, logra optimizar significativamente las propiedades del hormigón y también reduce la porosidad. Sin embargo, en mezclas con una relación alta, el aditivo es menos significativo debido al exceso de agua, esto produce mayor porosidad, menor resistencia y durabilidad del hormigón. La utilización de superplastificante en dosis correcta, potencia significativamente las propiedades del hormigón. La optimización del diseño de mezclas mediante la correcta dosificación del aditivo es fundamental para obtener hormigones con mejor comportamiento estructural y mayor vida útil.
Palabras clave: Resistencia a la compresión, Superplastificantes, Porosidad, Durabilidad del hormigón, Relación agua-cemento.
Abstract
The evolution of the materials used in concrete engineering are key factors that directly affect strength and porosity, as well as durability and structural performance; The use of superplasticizer additives as water reducers contributes to improving the quality of concrete without affecting its workability. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effect of the superplasticizer additive on the compressive strength and porosity percentage of concrete. For this work, several a/c ratios were designed, where the amount of superplasticizer and the cement content were kept constant. Cylindrical specimens were made, which were tested for resistance and porosity after completing a curing period under controlled conditions. The results obtained after the tests carried out show us that, with the incorporation of the superplasticizer additive, in concrete mixtures whose water-cement ratio is low, it manages to significantly optimize the properties of the concrete and also reduces porosity. However, in mixtures with a high ratio, the additive is less significant due to excess water, this produces greater porosity, lower strength and durability of the concrete. The use of superplasticizer in the correct dose significantly enhances the properties of the concrete. The optimization of the design of mixtures through the correct dosage of the additive is essential to obtain concretes with better structural behavior and longer useful life.
Keywords: Compressive strength, Superplasticizers, porosity, Durability of concrete, Water-cement ratio.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 15 de abril de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 05 de junio de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2025
Prácticas exitosas y desafíos contemporáneos de la Evaluación Formativa en Cursos de Matemáticas Universitarias
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i16.0286
Abstract
Formative assessment has been established as a fundamental pedagogical strategy in higher education, especially in mathematical disciplines where the cumulative nature of knowledge requires specialized evaluative approaches. The objective of this article was to analyze successful practices and contemporary challenges associated with the implementation of formative assessment in university mathematics courses. A systematic review of scientific literature published between 2015 and 2024 was conducted, using the main academic databases specialized in education and mathematics. The selection process was developed in three consecutive phases, employing a thematic synthesis approach to identify convergent patterns and trends. The results show that the most effective strategies include timely and constructive feedback, the implementation of self-assessment and peer assessment processes, and the design of diversified formative activities that incorporate challenging problems and research projects. However, significant challenges were identified such as resistance from students and teachers, difficulties in designing valid and reliable instruments, and curricular integration problems with summative assessment. The conclusions emphasize the need for specific teacher training programs, institutional cultural changes, and the development of technological tools that facilitate the effective implementation of formative assessment in the university mathematics context.
Keywords: constructive feedback, learning self-regulation, pedagogical strategies, mathematical competencies, teacher training.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i16.0286
Resumen
La evaluación formativa se ha consolidado como una estrategia pedagógica fundamental en la educación superior, especialmente en disciplinas matemáticas donde la naturaleza acumulativa del conocimiento requiere enfoques evaluativos especializados. El objetivo de este artículo fue analizar las prácticas exitosas y los desafíos contemporáneos asociados con la implementación de la evaluación formativa en cursos de matemáticas universitarias. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica publicada entre 2015 y 2024, utilizando las principales bases de datos académicas especializadas en educación y matemáticas. El proceso de selección se desarrolló en tres fases consecutivas, empleando un enfoque de síntesis temática para identificar patrones y tendencias convergentes. Los resultados evidencian que las estrategias más efectivas incluyen el feedback oportuno y constructivo, la implementación de procesos de autoevaluación y coevaluación, y el diseño de actividades formativas diversificadas que incorporan problemas desafiantes y proyectos de investigación. Sin embargo, se identificaron desafíos significativos como la resistencia de estudiantes y profesores, las dificultades en el diseño de instrumentos válidos y confiables, y los problemas de integración curricular con la evaluación sumativa. Las conclusiones subrayan la necesidad de programas de formación docente específicos, cambios culturales institucionales y el desarrollo de herramientas tecnológicas que faciliten la implementación efectiva de la evaluación formativa en el contexto matemático universitario.
Palabras clave: retroalimentación constructiva, autorregulación del aprendizaje, estrategias pedagógicas, competencias matemáticas, formación docente.
Abstract
Formative assessment has been established as a fundamental pedagogical strategy in higher education, especially in mathematical disciplines where the cumulative nature of knowledge requires specialized evaluative approaches. The objective of this article was to analyze successful practices and contemporary challenges associated with the implementation of formative assessment in university mathematics courses. A systematic review of scientific literature published between 2015 and 2024 was conducted, using the main academic databases specialized in education and mathematics. The selection process was developed in three consecutive phases, employing a thematic synthesis approach to identify convergent patterns and trends. The results show that the most effective strategies include timely and constructive feedback, the implementation of self-assessment and peer assessment processes, and the design of diversified formative activities that incorporate challenging problems and research projects. However, significant challenges were identified such as resistance from students and teachers, difficulties in designing valid and reliable instruments, and curricular integration problems with summative assessment. The conclusions emphasize the need for specific teacher training programs, institutional cultural changes, and the development of technological tools that facilitate the effective implementation of formative assessment in the university mathematics context.
Keywords: constructive feedback, learning self-regulation, pedagogical strategies, mathematical competencies, teacher training.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 15 de abril de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de junio de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2025
Evaluación y prevención de los riesgos psicosociales en el personal de salud que labora en el Hospital Aníbal González Álava del cantón Bolívar
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0253
The present article had as objective to evaluate the psychosocial risks of the personnel working in the Hospital Aníbal González Álava which belongs to the city of Calceta, in order to establish actions of improvement, and thus implement strategies of evaluation and prevention that include the identification of the risk factors and the implementation of measures of prevention and control, for its achievement a non-experimental methodology was used transversal and descriptive type, from the deductive, inductive and synthetic analytical methods, the techniques of the interview and survey were also taken into account which served to obtain the data collection. The results obtained from the indicators used show that 37.13% of healthcare personnel have reported significant emotional distress. Meanwhile, 34.73% of respondents consider the work environment favorable. Furthermore, 34.13% of respondents have experienced negative impacts on their physical and mental well-being, and 14.97% report personal problems. These findings highlight the urgent need to establish corrective actions that promote healthier and more sustainable work environments. Based on these findings, an intervention plan is suggested designed to minimize the detected hazards and enhance employee well-being, with the goal of improving their performance and the quality of care in the Hospital.
Keywords: psychosocial risks, health, indicators, prevention, implementation.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0253
Resumen
El presente artículo tuvo como objetivo Evaluar los riesgos psicosociales del personal que labora en el Hospital Aníbal González Álava la cual pertenece a la ciudad de calceta, con el fin de establecer acciones de mejora, y así implementar estrategias de evaluación y prevención que incluyan la identificación de los factores de riesgos y la implementación de medidas de prevención y control, para su consecución se empleó una metodología no experimental transversal y de tipo descriptiva, a partir de los métodos deductivo, inductivo y analítico sintético, también se tuvieron presente las técnicas de la entrevista y encuesta la cuales sirvieron para obtener la recolección de datos. Los resultados obtenidos mediante los indicadores que se emplearon evidencian lo siguiente que un 37,13% del personal de salud ha manifestado afectaciones emocionales significativas. Mientras que un 34,73% de los encuestados consideran que existe un entorno laboral favorable. Asimismo, un 34,13% de los encuestados han experimentado impactos negativos en su bienestar físico y mental, y con 14,97% de los encuestados presentan problemas a nivel personal. Estos descubrimientos evidencian la urgencia de establecer acciones correctivas que favorezcan entornos de trabajo más sanos y sostenibles. A partir de estos hallazgos, se sugiere un esquema de intervención diseñado para minimizar los peligros detectados y potenciar el bienestar de los empleados, con el objetivo de mejorar su rendimiento y la calidad de la atención en el Hospital.
Palabras clave: Riesgos psicosociales, salud, indicadores, prevención, implementación.
Abstract
The present article had as objective to evaluate the psychosocial risks of the personnel working in the Hospital Aníbal González Álava which belongs to the city of Calceta, in order to establish actions of improvement, and thus implement strategies of evaluation and prevention that include the identification of the risk factors and the implementation of measures of prevention and control, for its achievement a non-experimental methodology was used transversal and descriptive type, from the deductive, inductive and synthetic analytical methods, the techniques of the interview and survey were also taken into account which served to obtain the data collection. The results obtained from the indicators used show that 37.13% of healthcare personnel have reported significant emotional distress. Meanwhile, 34.73% of respondents consider the work environment favorable. Furthermore, 34.13% of respondents have experienced negative impacts on their physical and mental well-being, and 14.97% report personal problems. These findings highlight the urgent need to establish corrective actions that promote healthier and more sustainable work environments. Based on these findings, an intervention plan is suggested designed to minimize the detected hazards and enhance employee well-being, with the goal of improving their performance and the quality of care in the Hospital.
Keywords: psychosocial risks, health, indicators, prevention, implementation.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 12 de enero de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 12 de marzo de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 10 de abril de 2025
Sistematización del proceso constructivo del puente sobre el río Quimis (30 m) y sus accesos: Análisis técnico, ambiental y social
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i16.0298
Abstract
Road infrastructure is an pillar for social and economic development, ensuring connectivity and the safe mobility of goods and people. In this context, the 30-meter-long bridge over the Quimis River represents a strategic project for the province of Manabí, following the collapse of the original bridge in 2021. This study aims to systematize the construction process of the new bridge and its access points, with a comprehensive approach that articulates the technical, environmental, and social aspects of the project. The research adopted a mixed design, both documentary and field-based. Drawings, calculation reports, technical specifications, national and international regulations, as well as photographic records and on-site observations, were collected and analyzed. Management tools such as the Gantt chart, the critical path method (CPM), and tracking diagrams were applied for planning and control. The environmental assessment was conducted using the Leopold Matrix, while the ethical analysis focused on transparency, social responsibility, and respect for the community. The results show that the project complies with current technical regulations, although it presents challenges in time control and mitigating environmental impacts. Good practices in foundations and access were also identified, as well as opportunities for improvement in social and environmental management. In conclusion, the systematization allowed for the creation of a reference academic document that strengthens professional training and contributes to the sustainable development of road infrastructure in Ecuador.
Keywords: Bridge, systematization, road infrastructure, project planning, environmental impacts, ethics in civil engineering.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i16.0298
Resumen
La infraestructura vial constituye un pilar para el desarrollo social y económico, al garantizar la conectividad y la movilidad segura de bienes y personas. En este contexto, el puente sobre el río Quimis, de 30 metros de longitud, representa una obra estratégica para la provincia de Manabí, tras el colapso del puente original en 2021. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo sistematizar el proceso constructivo del nuevo puente y sus accesos, con un enfoque integral que articula los aspectos técnicos, ambientales y sociales de la obra. La investigación adoptó un diseño mixto, de carácter documental y de campo. Se recopilaron y analizaron planos, memorias de cálculo, especificaciones técnicas, normativas nacionales e internacionales, así como registros fotográficos y observaciones in situ. Para la planificación y control se aplicaron herramientas de gestión como el diagrama de Gantt, el método de la ruta crítica (CPM) y diagramas de seguimiento. El diagnóstico ambiental se realizó mediante la Matriz de Leopold, mientras que el análisis ético se centró en la transparencia, la responsabilidad social y el respeto a la comunidad. Los resultados evidencian que el proyecto cumple con las normativas técnicas vigentes, aunque presenta desafíos en el control de tiempos y en la mitigación de impactos ambientales. Asimismo, se identificaron buenas prácticas en cimentación y accesos, así como oportunidades de mejora en la gestión social y ambiental. En conclusión, la sistematización permitió generar un documento académico de referencia que fortalece la formación profesional y contribuye al desarrollo sostenible de la infraestructura vial en Ecuador.
Palabras clave: Puente, sistematización, infraestructura vial, planificación de proyectos, impactos ambientales, ética en ingeniería civil.
Abstract
Road infrastructure is an pillar for social and economic development, ensuring connectivity and the safe mobility of goods and people. In this context, the 30-meter-long bridge over the Quimis River represents a strategic project for the province of Manabí, following the collapse of the original bridge in 2021. This study aims to systematize the construction process of the new bridge and its access points, with a comprehensive approach that articulates the technical, environmental, and social aspects of the project. The research adopted a mixed design, both documentary and field-based. Drawings, calculation reports, technical specifications, national and international regulations, as well as photographic records and on-site observations, were collected and analyzed. Management tools such as the Gantt chart, the critical path method (CPM), and tracking diagrams were applied for planning and control. The environmental assessment was conducted using the Leopold Matrix, while the ethical analysis focused on transparency, social responsibility, and respect for the community. The results show that the project complies with current technical regulations, although it presents challenges in time control and mitigating environmental impacts. Good practices in foundations and access were also identified, as well as opportunities for improvement in social and environmental management. In conclusion, the systematization allowed for the creation of a reference academic document that strengthens professional training and contributes to the sustainable development of road infrastructure in Ecuador.
Keywords: Bridge, systematization, road infrastructure, project planning, environmental impacts, ethics in civil engineering.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 08 de julio de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 10 de septiembre de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 14 de octubre de 2025
Application of macrotexture and friction parameters in pavement management for road safety
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i16.0303
Abstract
The study addressed improvements in road safety by integrating macrotexture and friction parameters into a Pavement Management System (PMS). The objective was to develop and validate a framework that harmonised heterogeneous measurements via the International Friction Index (IFI), established operational thresholds, and produced a risk-oriented prioritisation of interventions targeting loss of skid resistance. Standardised acquisition procedures were applied (2D/3D profilometry for MPD/ETD and continuous/spot friction measurements), together with QA/QC controls, an ETL workflow, conversion to IFI (ASTM E1960), stratification by functional class and climate, and threshold derivation using ROC/percentile analyses; prioritisation was performed with a multicriteria scheme (condition, exposure, cost, and expected benefit). The results showed traceable IFI series by segment, differentiated thresholds by road typology, and a ranked list of critical sections consistent with exposure and crash records, enabling more effective programming of preservative treatments. It was concluded that the proposed integration enabled reproducible and auditable decisions, focusing resources where the expected impact on risk reduction is greatest; local calibration of coefficients and the progressive incorporation of 3D metrics and time series were recommended to strengthen prediction and operational monitoring.
Keywords: Macrotexture; Friction; IFI; Pavement management; Road safety.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i16.0303
Resumen
El estudio abordó mejoras en la seguridad vial mediante la integración de parámetros de macrotextura y fricción en un Sistema de Gestión de Pavimentos (PMS). El objetivo fue desarrollar y validar un marco que armonizara mediciones heterogéneas mediante el Índice Internacional de Fricción (IFI), estableciera umbrales operativos y produjera una priorización orientada al riesgo de intervenciones dirigidas a la pérdida de resistencia al deslizamiento. Se aplicaron procedimientos de adquisición estandarizados (perfilometría 2D/3D para MPD/ETD y mediciones de fricción continua/puntual), junto con controles de QA/QC, un flujo de trabajo ETL, conversión a IFI (ASTM E1960), estratificación por clase funcional y clima, y derivación de umbrales mediante análisis ROC/percentiles; la priorización se realizó con un esquema multicriterio (condición, exposición, coste y beneficio esperado). Los resultados mostraron series de IFI trazables por segmento, umbrales diferenciados por tipología de carretera y una lista jerarquizada de secciones críticas consistente con los registros de exposición y accidentes, lo que permitió una programación más efectiva de los tratamientos de conservación. Se concluyó que la integración propuesta permitió tomar decisiones reproducibles y auditables, enfocando los recursos donde el impacto esperado en la reducción del riesgo es mayor; se recomendó la calibración local de coeficientes y la incorporación progresiva de métricas 3D y series de tiempo para fortalecer la predicción y el monitoreo operativo.
Palabras clave: Macrotextura; Fricción; IFI; Gestión del pavimento; Seguridad vial.
Abstract
The study addressed improvements in road safety by integrating macrotexture and friction parameters into a Pavement Management System (PMS). The objective was to develop and validate a framework that harmonised heterogeneous measurements via the International Friction Index (IFI), established operational thresholds, and produced a risk-oriented prioritisation of interventions targeting loss of skid resistance. Standardised acquisition procedures were applied (2D/3D profilometry for MPD/ETD and continuous/spot friction measurements), together with QA/QC controls, an ETL workflow, conversion to IFI (ASTM E1960), stratification by functional class and climate, and threshold derivation using ROC/percentile analyses; prioritisation was performed with a multicriteria scheme (condition, exposure, cost, and expected benefit). The results showed traceable IFI series by segment, differentiated thresholds by road typology, and a ranked list of critical sections consistent with exposure and crash records, enabling more effective programming of preservative treatments. It was concluded that the proposed integration enabled reproducible and auditable decisions, focusing resources where the expected impact on risk reduction is greatest; local calibration of coefficients and the progressive incorporation of 3D metrics and time series were recommended to strengthen prediction and operational monitoring.
Keywords: Macrotexture; Friction; IFI; Pavement management; Road safety.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 08 de julio de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 18 de septiembre de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 27 de octubre de 2025
Análisis de la Vulnerabilidad a Inundaciones en el Cantón Jipijapa, Manabí, Ecuador: Integración de Datos SIG
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0245
This study analyzes flood vulnerability in the Jipijapa canton, Manabí province, Ecuador, using Geographic Information System (GIS) tools. By integrating vector, raster, and topographic data, critical areas with high risk levels and dense populations were identified, such as the Montecristi – La Cadena and Jipijapa – Noboa roads. Thematic maps were generated to prioritize structural and non-structural interventions. The results emphasize the need to implement early warning systems, improve drainage infrastructure, and foster community participation. This approach highlights the utility of GIS for land-use planning and risk management, contributing to mitigating the impacts of future extreme weather events.
Keywords: floods, vulnerability, geographic information systems, land-use planning, risk management.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0245
Resumen
Este estudio analiza la vulnerabilidad a inundaciones en el cantón Jipijapa, provincia de Manabí, Ecuador, mediante el uso de herramientas de Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG). Integrando datos vectoriales, ráster y topográficos, se identificaron áreas críticas con altos niveles de riesgo y elevada densidad poblacional, como las vías Montecristi – La Cadena y Jipijapa – Noboa. Además, se generaron mapas temáticos que permitieron priorizar intervenciones estructurales y no estructurales. Los resultados subrayan la necesidad de implementar sistemas de alerta temprana, mejorar la infraestructura de drenaje y fomentar la participación comunitaria. Este enfoque evidencia la utilidad del SIG para la planificación territorial y la gestión del riesgo, contribuyendo a mitigar los impactos de futuros eventos climáticos extremos.
Palabras clave: inundaciones, vulnerabilidad, sistemas de información geográfica, planificación territorial, gestión de riesgos.
Abstract
This study analyzes flood vulnerability in the Jipijapa canton, Manabí province, Ecuador, using Geographic Information System (GIS) tools. By integrating vector, raster, and topographic data, critical areas with high risk levels and dense populations were identified, such as the Montecristi – La Cadena and Jipijapa – Noboa roads. Thematic maps were generated to prioritize structural and non-structural interventions. The results emphasize the need to implement early warning systems, improve drainage infrastructure, and foster community participation. This approach highlights the utility of GIS for land-use planning and risk management, contributing to mitigating the impacts of future extreme weather events.
Keywords: floods, vulnerability, geographic information systems, land-use planning, risk management.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 16 de octubre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 19 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2025
Estrategias para la Enseñanza Efectiva de la Trigonometría en el Nivel Secundario
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0263
This narrative review examines effective strategies for teaching trigonometry in secondary education, identifying five main approaches: use of multiple representations, problem-solving and active learning, technological integration, contextualized teaching, and use of analogies and models. Through analysis of specialized literature between 2015-2025, the study reveals that the most effective pedagogical approaches share characteristics such as prioritizing conceptual understanding over memorization, establishing connections with real-world situations, employing multiple representations, and encouraging active student participation. The unit circle stands out as a particularly valuable model, and tools like GeoGebra as facilitators of dynamic learning. Findings suggest that, although there is no universally optimal strategy, methodologies that contextualize learning and promote critical thinking achieve greater effectiveness. Successful implementation requires adequate teacher training and adaptation to the specific characteristics of students, offering an evidence-based foundation for pedagogical decisions that strengthen trigonometric teaching in secondary education.
Keywords: Active learning, Unit circle, Mathematical visualization, GeoGebra, Spatial thinking.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0263
Resumen
Esta revisión narrativa examina estrategias efectivas para la enseñanza de la trigonometría en educación secundaria, identificando cinco enfoques principales: uso de representaciones múltiples, resolución de problemas y aprendizaje activo, integración tecnológica, enseñanza contextualizada y uso de analogías y modelos. A través del análisis de literatura especializada entre 2015-2025, el estudio revela que las aproximaciones pedagógicas más efectivas comparten características como priorizar la comprensión conceptual sobre la memorización, establecer conexiones con situaciones reales, emplear múltiples representaciones y fomentar la participación activa de los estudiantes. Se destaca la circunferencia unitaria como modelo particularmente valioso, y herramientas como GeoGebra como facilitadoras del aprendizaje dinámico. Los hallazgos sugieren que, aunque no existe una estrategia universalmente óptima, las metodologías que contextualizan el aprendizaje y promueven el pensamiento crítico logran mayor efectividad. La implementación exitosa requiere formación docente adecuada y adaptación a las características específicas de los estudiantes, ofreciendo una base fundamentada para decisiones pedagógicas que fortalezcan la enseñanza trigonométrica en secundaria.
Palabras clave: Aprendizaje activo, Circunferencia unitaria, Visualización matemática, GeoGebra, Pensamiento espacial.
Abstract
This narrative review examines effective strategies for teaching trigonometry in secondary education, identifying five main approaches: use of multiple representations, problem-solving and active learning, technological integration, contextualized teaching, and use of analogies and models. Through analysis of specialized literature between 2015-2025, the study reveals that the most effective pedagogical approaches share characteristics such as prioritizing conceptual understanding over memorization, establishing connections with real-world situations, employing multiple representations, and encouraging active student participation. The unit circle stands out as a particularly valuable model, and tools like GeoGebra as facilitators of dynamic learning. Findings suggest that, although there is no universally optimal strategy, methodologies that contextualize learning and promote critical thinking achieve greater effectiveness. Successful implementation requires adequate teacher training and adaptation to the specific characteristics of students, offering an evidence-based foundation for pedagogical decisions that strengthen trigonometric teaching in secondary education.
Keywords: Active learning, Unit circle, Mathematical visualization, GeoGebra, Spatial thinking.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 12 de febrero de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 30 de abril de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 10 de mayo de 2025
Sostenibilidad y gestión de las construcciones civiles para las viviendas comunitarias basadas en ODS
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0269
This study analyzes the relationship between sustainability and the management of civil constructions applied to community housing within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It recognizes the need to incorporate technical, social, and environmental criteria in the planning and execution of housing projects that address inclusion, resilience, and resource efficiency demands. Sustainable management involves a multidimensional approach that integrates community participation, optimization of materials and technologies, and continuous evaluation of environmental and social impacts. The SDGs, especially those related to adequate housing (SDG 11), resilient infrastructure (SDG 9), and climate action (SDG 13), provide a strategic framework to guide policies and practices in constructing sustainable community housing. Planning from this perspective seeks to overcome the limitations of traditional approaches by promoting construction processes that respond to territorial particularities and foster collective well-being. The study highlights the importance of inter-institutional coordination and social participation to achieve effective management adapted to local contexts. It also underscores the need for monitoring tools to measure sustainability and adjust strategies based on results. Ultimately, sustainability and efficient management of civil constructions are fundamental to achieving community housing that contributes to sustainable development and improved quality of life for its inhabitants.
Keywords: sustainability, construction management, community housing, Sustainable Development Goals, urban planning.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0269
Resumen
Este trabajo analiza la relación entre la sostenibilidad y la gestión de las construcciones civiles aplicadas a viviendas comunitarias, en el marco de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). Se reconoce la necesidad de incorporar criterios técnicos, sociales y ambientales en la planificación y ejecución de proyectos habitacionales que respondan a las demandas de inclusión, resiliencia y eficiencia en el uso de recursos. La gestión sostenible implica un enfoque multidimensional que integra la participación comunitaria, la optimización de materiales y tecnologías, y la evaluación continua de impactos ambientales y sociales. Los ODS, especialmente aquellos vinculados a la vivienda adecuada (ODS 11), la infraestructura resiliente (ODS 9) y la acción climática (ODS 13), constituyen un marco estratégico para orientar políticas y prácticas en la construcción de viviendas comunitarias sostenibles. La planificación desde esta perspectiva busca superar las limitaciones de los enfoques tradicionales, promoviendo procesos constructivos que respondan a las particularidades territoriales y fomenten el bienestar colectivo. El estudio destaca la importancia de la coordinación interinstitucional y la participación social para lograr una gestión eficaz y adaptada a los contextos locales. Además, resalta la necesidad de contar con instrumentos de monitoreo que permitan medir la sostenibilidad y ajustar las estrategias según los resultados. En definitiva, la sostenibilidad y gestión eficiente de las construcciones civiles son fundamentales para alcanzar viviendas comunitarias que contribuyan al desarrollo sostenible y a la mejora de la calidad de vida de sus habitantes.
Palabras clave: sostenibilidad, gestión de construcciones, viviendas comunitarias, Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, planificación urbana.
Abstract
This study analyzes the relationship between sustainability and the management of civil constructions applied to community housing within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It recognizes the need to incorporate technical, social, and environmental criteria in the planning and execution of housing projects that address inclusion, resilience, and resource efficiency demands. Sustainable management involves a multidimensional approach that integrates community participation, optimization of materials and technologies, and continuous evaluation of environmental and social impacts. The SDGs, especially those related to adequate housing (SDG 11), resilient infrastructure (SDG 9), and climate action (SDG 13), provide a strategic framework to guide policies and practices in constructing sustainable community housing. Planning from this perspective seeks to overcome the limitations of traditional approaches by promoting construction processes that respond to territorial particularities and foster collective well-being. The study highlights the importance of inter-institutional coordination and social participation to achieve effective management adapted to local contexts. It also underscores the need for monitoring tools to measure sustainability and adjust strategies based on results. Ultimately, sustainability and efficient management of civil constructions are fundamental to achieving community housing that contributes to sustainable development and improved quality of life for its inhabitants.
Keywords: sustainability, construction management, community housing, Sustainable Development Goals, urban planning.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 24 de febrero de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 30 de mayo de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 16 de junio de 2025
Modelación y rediseño hidráulico del sistema de agua potable en los sectores Guesbol, Chade, Anonas y Naranjada, cantón Jipijapa, provincia de Manabí
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i16.0295
Abstract
This project was carried out in the city of Manta, in the vicinity of the Laica Eloy Alfaro University of Manabí (ULEAM), and its purpose was to design and expand the drinking water system for the communities of Chade, Guesbol, Anonas, and Naranjada, in the canton of Jipijapa. These areas have limitations in terms of service coverage and quality, a situation that directly affects their well-being and development. The proposal constitutes a comprehensive technical alternative aimed at guaranteeing access to water resources and optimizing the existing infrastructure, based on criteria of efficiency and sustainability. The methodology applied included topographic surveys to identify the conditions of the terrain, as well as pressure measurements at the highest and lowest points of the network, in order to diagnose the hydraulic behavior of the current system. In addition, community surveys were conducted to determine the population served, its socioeconomic characteristics, and population growth projections, which are essential inputs for sizing the system. With this information, a preliminary design was created in Excel, followed by modeling and redesign of the system in WaterCAD, specialized software that allowed for the simulation of scenarios, validation of pressures and flows, and assurance of supply reliability. At the same time, a chemical-bacteriological analysis of the water was carried out to verify its suitability for human consumption. The results show that the proposed redesign will expand coverage, improve service quality, and ensure equitable and efficient distribution of water resources in the beneficiary communities.
Keywords: Drinking water, Hydraulic redesign, Hydraulic modeling, WaterCAD, Water supply, Jipijapa Canton.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i16.0295
Resumen
El presente trabajo se desarrolló en la ciudad de Manta, en las inmediaciones de la Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí (ULEAM), y tuvo como propósito el diseño y ampliación del sistema de agua potable para las comunidades de Chade, Guesbol, Anonas y Naranjada, del cantón Jipijapa. Dichos sectores presentan limitaciones en la cobertura y calidad del servicio, situación que afecta directamente a su bienestar y desarrollo. La propuesta constituye una alternativa técnica integral orientada a garantizar el acceso al recurso hídrico y a optimizar la infraestructura existente, bajo criterios de eficiencia y sostenibilidad. La metodología aplicada incluyó levantamientos topográficos para identificar las condiciones del terreno, así como mediciones de presión en los puntos más altos y bajos de la red, con el fin de diagnosticar el comportamiento hidráulico del sistema actual. Adicionalmente, se efectuaron encuestas comunitarias para determinar la población servida, sus características socioeconómicas y las proyecciones de crecimiento demográfico, insumos fundamentales para el dimensionamiento del sistema. Con esta información se realizó un prediseño en Excel, seguido de la modelación y rediseño del sistema en WaterCAD, software especializado que permitió simular escenarios, validar presiones y caudales, y garantizar la confiabilidad del suministro. Paralelamente, se efectuó un análisis químico-bacteriológico del agua para comprobar su aptitud para el consumo humano. Los resultados evidencian que el rediseño planteado permitirá ampliar la cobertura, mejorar la calidad del servicio y asegurar una distribución equitativa y eficiente del recurso hídrico en las comunidades beneficiarias.
Palabras clave: Agua potable, Rediseño hidráulico, Modelación hidráulica, WaterCAD, Abastecimiento de agua, Cantón Jipijapa.
Abstract
This project was carried out in the city of Manta, in the vicinity of the Laica Eloy Alfaro University of Manabí (ULEAM), and its purpose was to design and expand the drinking water system for the communities of Chade, Guesbol, Anonas, and Naranjada, in the canton of Jipijapa. These areas have limitations in terms of service coverage and quality, a situation that directly affects their well-being and development. The proposal constitutes a comprehensive technical alternative aimed at guaranteeing access to water resources and optimizing the existing infrastructure, based on criteria of efficiency and sustainability. The methodology applied included topographic surveys to identify the conditions of the terrain, as well as pressure measurements at the highest and lowest points of the network, in order to diagnose the hydraulic behavior of the current system. In addition, community surveys were conducted to determine the population served, its socioeconomic characteristics, and population growth projections, which are essential inputs for sizing the system. With this information, a preliminary design was created in Excel, followed by modeling and redesign of the system in WaterCAD, specialized software that allowed for the simulation of scenarios, validation of pressures and flows, and assurance of supply reliability. At the same time, a chemical-bacteriological analysis of the water was carried out to verify its suitability for human consumption. The results show that the proposed redesign will expand coverage, improve service quality, and ensure equitable and efficient distribution of water resources in the beneficiary communities.
Keywords: Drinking water, Hydraulic redesign, Hydraulic modeling, WaterCAD, Water supply, Jipijapa Canton.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 09 de junio de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 30 de agosto de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 29 de septiembre de 2025